OBJECTIVETo prepare matrine double-sensitive colon-specific pellets and study the factors affecting its quality and evaluateing the colon-specific effects of preparation.

METHODMatrine enzyme-sensitive pellets core were prepared by carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan as the main carrier material, and coated the core by acrylic resin II and III to prepare matrine double-sensitive colon-specific pellets. The prescription and technology of the matrine colon-specific pellets were studied by the single factor investigation, through the in vitro release test and coating rate determination.

RESULTThe optimized process conditions: FeCl3 concentration is 4.0 g x L(-1), chitosan concentration is 3.0 g x L(-1), carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan concentration is 20 g x L(-1), mixed gel solution pH value is 3. The release of matrine is less than 30% in the simulation of the upper gastrointestinal medium. The release of matrine is close to 100% in simulated full gastrointestinal medium, the coating weight is 7%.

CONCLUSIONThe prepared pellets have good colon positioning effect in vitro.

Acrylic Resins ; chemistry ; Administration, Oral ; Alkaloids ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Chlorides ; chemistry ; Colon ; metabolism ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Ferric Compounds ; chemistry ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Mannans ; chemistry ; Quinolizines ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tablets, Enteric-Coated ; Time Factors

Objective To investigate the expression level of virulence-associated genes in promastigotes and amastigotes of different Leishmania spp.. Methods Total RNA was extracted from the promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania donovani, L. infantum, L. tropica, L. major and L. mexicana, and relevant strains. According to the reported gene sequences in GenBank, primers were designed in relation to the virulence-associated genes [GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GDPMP), 3′a2rel-related protein (A2rel), beta-galactofuranosyl transferase (LPG1), lipophosphoglycan biosynthetic protein (LPG2), kinetoplast membrane protein 11 (KMP-11), cpc gene for cysteine proteinase (CPC), hydrophilic acylated surface protein (HASPB1), cathepsin L-like cysteine protease (CPB2), cathepsin L-like cysteine proteinase lmcpb2.8 (CPB2.8), Mr 100 000 heat shock protein (CLP b)], and control genes (alpha tubulin gene and GAPDH). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed to detect expression level of these genes in promastigotes and amastigotes of different Leishmania spp. Results There was a significant difference in the expression profiles of the genes among the promastigotes and amastigotes of different Leishmania spp. The HASPB1 was detected in the amastigotes of all strains and promastigotes of L. donovani, the GDPMP, LPG1, LPG2, CPB2.8, CPB2, CPC, A2rel and CLP b were expressed in the promastigotes and/or amastigotes of the specific Leishmania spp, respectively. None of the stains carried the KMP-11 gene, whereas the amastigotes of L. donovani SC10 strain and L. major 5ASKH strain possessed CPC. Conclusion The expression profile of the virulence-associated genes shows species-specific and stage-specific differences.

Research-Based Teaching is to cultivate students’ competence of study and innovation,which requires teachers to change their concept and make careful design and full preparation before they put it into practice. The practice shows that adopting the teaching method of bringing students’ autonomous study into full play and intensifying the training of their scientific research is an important approach to implement it. Research-Based Teaching will play a more and more important role in cultivating students’ comprehensive competence.

Budd-Chiari Syndrome ; complications ; Humans ; Seizures ; complications

Objective To investigate the characteristic of intravascular catheter-related infections (CRI) in Peking University Third Hospital in 2009. Methods The clinical and microbiological features of CRI were analyzed retrospectively. Results Two hundred and nineteen catheters were examined. Twenty-nine CRI cases were confirmed with colonization, 7 were insertion site infection and 6 were catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) by quantitative catheter culture method, but no CRBSI was diagnosed by differential time to positivity (DTTP) method. The incidence rates of CRBSI in intensive care units (ICU) were 0. 99- 3.03 per 1000 catheter-days.Among the colonized strains, 51.72 % were Gram-positive cocci, 20.69 % were non-fermenting bacilli (NFB), 13. 79% were Enterobacteriaceae and 10. 34% were Candida. One neonatal CRBSI was caused by Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Most of bacterial isolates were drug resistant. Seventy-seven percent of adult patients were older than 60 years and most of them had chronic underlying diseases.All of the 9 neonate patients were preterm neonate and 7 of them were extremely low birth weight infants. Conclusion There is a certain amount of CRI occurred in Peking University Third Hospital in 2009 and the intravascular catheter management should be enhanced.

Objective:To screen fine germplasm resources and suitable cultivated place for Paris polypyh lla var.yunnanensis by determining the content of total saponins , total flavonoids and total polysaccharides collected from Yunnan and Guizhou .Methods:An Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry method was applied to determine the total contents of saponin , flavonoid and polysaccharide in 14 germplasm resources of Paris polyhp ylla var.yunnanensis.Results:The contents of saponins, flavonoids and polysaccharides in Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis collected from the different habitats were obviously different .The herb with high quality was selected from Xiaguan and Dali with the highest total content of saponins and the content of the three components was 55.760 0 and 61.632 0 mg· g-1 , respectively , which was significantly higher than that from the other habitats .Conclusion: It is proved that the quality of Pa ris polyphyll a var.yunnanensis produced in Dali of Yunnan is better than that from the other regions , and the high yield culture techniques should be studied further .

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal perforation induced by esophageal foreign body. METHOD: Ten patients, who were diagnosed as esophageal foreign body and esophageal perforation, were retrospectively analyzed. One patient was operated in other hospital and transferred to our department post-operation. The foreign bodies were removed through rigid esophagoscope in 7 cases and through the tracheotomy in 1 case. The last case was admitted into hospital for abscess around the esophagus. The foreign body wasn't find during the examination of rigid esophagoscope and the patient vomited out a glass foreign body after the surgery. RESULT: In all cases, there were three date stones, two button batteries, one metal gear, one pin, one metal cans pull ring, one glass plate, one arc hard plastic sheet. Seven patients were cured after conservative treatment, and restored normal diet. For the rest 3 cases, patients were cured after the repair operation of tracheoesophageal fistula. CONCLUSION The esophageal perforation must be highly suspected of the esophageal foreign body with a long history, sharp shape or corrosive foreign body. The esophageal radiography may be taken to obtain the final diagnosis. The patients diagnosed as esophageal perforation must be treated with antibiotics, nasal feeding or feeding by gastrostomy, and followed-up closely. Small perforation can heal after a period of time by nasal feeding, while tracheoesophageal fistula was needed to repaire after a period of time for restoring a good physical condition in most cases.
Abscess ; Child ; Esophageal Perforation ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; Tracheotomy

WHO proposed the concept of intrinsic capacity in the World Report on Aging and Health in 2015.As the basis of functional ability in the elderly, intrinsic capacity plays an important role in maintaining the quality of life and promoting healthy aging.However, research on intrinsic capacity is still in its infancy.This article reviews research progress on intrinsic capacity, including the concept, domains, screening methods and its impact on the health of the elderly, in order to provide a reference for further research on this subject.

Objective To evaluate the effects of aerobic combined strength and balance exercise on cognitive function and satisfaction in patients with cognitive impairment no dementia. Methods Four hundred and twenty patients with cognitive impairment no dementia were divided into control group (200 cases) and experimental group (220 cases) by random digits table method. The control group received general health education and rehabilitation training. The experimental group received aerobic combined strength and balance exercise. The patients were assessed with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to evaluate their cognition before training, as well as after training. And the patients′satisfaction with the questionnaire was evaluated. Results The total scores of MoCA, scores of name, attention, language, memory and directionafter training were (23.47 ±2.38), (2.77 ±0.42), (5.09 ±0.86), (2.50 ±0.65), (3.42 ±0.68), (5.03 ± 0.10) points in the experimental group, and (21.20±2.55), (2.31±0.76), (4.71±1.10), (2.35±0.70), (2.23±0.81), (4.48±0.96) points in the control group, and there were significant differences, P<0.05. There were no significant differences in the space and abstract thinking between experimental group and control group:(3.61±0.91) points vs. (3.45±1.09) points, (1.83±0.76 ) points vs. (1.72±0.52) points, P>0.05. The scores of satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group:(49.33 ±1.57) points vs. ( 48.20 ±2.14) points, P<0.01. Conclusion The application of aerobic combined strength and balance exercise could improve the cognitive function and patients′satisfaction.

Objective To study the value of 64-Slice Spiral CT angiography with I.V.Blous contrast medium in in- tracranial and cervical arteries. Methods 100 cases were examined with I.V.Blous of contrast medium in intracranial and cervical arteries CTA while 100 cases were not examined with I.V.Blous. The images between I.V.Blous group and contrast group were analyzed retrospectively and comparatively. Results The rate of CTA success and the image quality of I.V.Blous group were significantly higher and better than those of contrast group. There was statistically significant difference(P