AIM:To explore the histopathological classification and incidence of orbital space-occupying lesions in children in order to provide references for the diagnosis of orbital space-occupying lesions in children.
METHODS:A total of 290 paediatric patients with orbital space - occupying lesions diagnosed by pathological examinations at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 1998 to December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.
RESULTS:In 290 paediatric patients with orbital space-occupying lesions, venous hemangioma was the most common (58 cases,20. 0%), the other commons were as follows: hemangio lymphangioma, dermid cyst, neurofibroma, optic nerve glioma, rhabdomyo sarcoma and so on. Capillary hemangioma, venous hemangioma, optic nerve glioma had the predominant age incidence. On the other hand, optic nerve glioma, venous hemangioma, rhabdomyosarcoma had the predominant sex incidence.
CONCLUSION: The majority of paediatric patients with orbital space - occupying lesions are congenital and embryonic lesions, the most common of which is venous hemangioma. Some lesions had the predominant age and sex incidence.

Objective To explore the difference of gene sequence between the yeast- and the hyphal-form of Candida albicans. Methods The genomic DNA of both the yeast-form and the hyphal-form of seven isolates were extracted. The isolates were obtained from the same patient infected with HIV, but their sensitivities to fluconazole were different. These isolates were derived from the same C.albican strain as identified by chromosomal analysis and DNA subtype analysis. DNA fragments (310 bp) of ERG11 were amplified by PCR and the difference of DNA sequence between the two forms of each isolates was compared by DNA sequencing. Results Three isolates were found to have sequence difference between the yeast- and the hyphal-form of C. albicans at the position of 1 547 bp, 1 587 bp and 1 617 bp. Conclusion The sequence difference of ERG11 gene exists between the yeast- and the hyphal-form of C. albicans.

What characterized post-thoracotomy pain is that companied by marked decrease in pulmonary function,which negatively affect rehabilitation of the patients.In this paper,the author reviewed the effects of clinically common used therapies on pain relief and pulmonary function in patient after thoracotomy.

Objective To explore the nursing experience of the safe intra-hospital transport of patients with the severe aspiration of the inhalation injury. Method The nursing measures for the intra-hospital transport of 2 cases of smoke pot inhalation injury caused by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment were taken, including disease risk assessment, preparation for transport, organization of a transport team, effective vital signs monitoring during transport, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) pipeline monitoring and nursing and observation and nursing of complications. Result No emergency was found during the transport of patients and both of them were safely transported. Conclusion Such nursing measures as pre-transport assessment and preparation and bettering predictive nursing for the patients with severe inhalation pulmonary injury treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are key to the safety during intra-hospital transport.

Purpose To observe the curative effect of electroacupuncture in treating depression. Method Two hundred and ten subjects were randomly divided into electroacupuncture group and medication group. Results and conclusion The results were evaluated by an international depression scale in both groups. After one-course treatment, the average score markedly decreased in both groups, and a t-test showed that there was a significant difference in curative effect between before and after treatment in each group ( P < 0.001 ); but there was no such a difference between the two groups (P > 0.05 ).Electroacupuncture can be compared favorably with amitriptyline, an antidepressant. However, taking amitriptyline will produce some side effects. Therefore electroacupuncture is especially suitable for those who cannot take medicine.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of silver ion dressings combined with hydro gel in treatment of diabetic foot by using Meta-analysis.Methods The Cochrane Library,EMbase and domestic main databases were searched,the quality of included studies which screened by certain standards was evaluated.The Review Manager 5.0 software was taken for analysis.Results Totally 11 studies were included,containing 765 patients with diabetic foot.The Meta-analysis showed that there were significant differences between two groups in treatment efficiency,granulation tissue growth time and basic healing time.But the epithelial formation time showed no significant difference between two groups.Conclusions Silver ion dressings combined with hydro gel in treatment of diabetic foot was effective.However,the quality and quantity of most studies included in this review are low,studies of higher quality and quantity are needed to confirm the results in the future.

Objective To compare the analgesic effect, adverse effects of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) vs patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) and their influences on stress response in thoracotomy patients. Methods 33 ASA I-II patients undergoing elective esophagectomy were randomly assigned to receive either morphine plus droperidol (Group PCIA, n=17) or morphine plus bupivacaine (Group PCEA, n=16) for 3 days postoperatively. Serum concentrations of cortisol, angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ), endothelin (ET) and blood glucose were measured before operation, at the end of the operation and on the next morning after operation. Pain scores with visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest, deep breathing and with cough, and adverse effects were also recorded. Results Blood glucose and cortisol were increased to similar levels in both groups at the end of the operation, but were much lower in Group PCEA postoperatively (P0.05). Pain scores with VAS were much lower in Group PCEA, especially when the patient was at deep breathing or during coughing (P

Objective To compare the analgesic and side effects of tramadol, buprenorphine and morphine in equipotent dosage in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA). Methods 53 patients (ASA I-II) scheduled for upper abdominal surgery were randomly allocated to receive 10mg/ml tramadol (group T) or 0.03mg/ml buprenorphine (group B) or 1mg/ml morphine (group M) plus 0.1mg/ml droperidol. Baxter APII PCA pump was used to administer the different analgesic according to the model of LCP, with the amount of loading dose, continuous infusion and bolus of 2.5ml, 0.5ml/h, 1ml respectively. At 4, 8, 16 and 24h postoperatively, pain scores in VAS, comfort scale in BCS, sedation scores with Ramsay score, and the incidences of nausea, vomiting, pruritus, respiratory depression were assessed. Drug consumption in the first 24h and the D/D ratio (demand/deliver) were also recorded. Results VAS and BCS scores showed no significant difference among the 3 groups, but drug consumption within the first 24h and the D/D ratio in group T were higher than those in other 2 groups (P0.05). 8 patients in group T, 5 in group B and 4 in group M suffered from nausea; 1 patient in group T, 2 in group B and 3 in group M complained of pruritus. No respiratory depression was observed in all cases. Conclusion Tramadol and buprenorphine can be safely used as PCIA in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery, but they are not superior to morphine.

Objective To investigate epidemiological pattern of dementia and major subtypes,we conducted a prevalence survey in Beijing,China. Methods A door to door three phase procedure was used to ascertain dementia A Chinese version of Mini Mental State Examination (CMMSE) was administered to all participates in 1997 Then,those who failed the screening tests and those of the normal,but having a suspected history of cognitive impairment were interviewed by neurologists or psychiatrists for a diagnostic assessment of dementia,Alzheimer′s dementia (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) using the DSM IV,NINCDS ADRDA,and NINCDS AIREN criteria Validity of the diagnostic approach was confirmed by a follow up study in 1998 Participants a total of 5 913 residents aged 55 years and over from 12 urban and 17 rural communities was drawn through a stratified multiple stage cluster sampling 5 743 (96 1%) were interviewed. Results A total of 262 cases of mild to severe dementia were identified The crude and age standardized prevalence in individuals aged 55 years and over were 4 6% and 4 2% for dementia (all causes),2 2% and 2 0% for AD,and 1 6% and 1 5% for VaD,respectively The prevalence of AD increased doubling every 5 years with age,but the prevalence of VaD increased low and slow The age standardized prevalence of AD was 1 7% in men lower than 2 1% in women,but the prevalence of VaD was 1 7% in men higher than 1 3% in women for individuals aged 55 years and over The difference in age standardized prevalence of AD between urban and rural communities was not significant that was 1 8% versus 2 2% in individuals aged 55 years and over; but the corresponding figures of VaD in rural (2 2%) was significantly higher than that in urban (1 0%) Either for AD or for VaD,there were no significant relationships between age standardized prevalence rates and educational levels Conclusion Our overall prevalence of dementia and its subtypes is considerably higher than previously reported estimates from China and similar to those reported in whites The epidemiological and clinical patterns for AD differed from VaD,but it was similar to those reported in whites It suggests that there are no substantial differences across cultures for AD

[Objective] To compare the axial length (AL) measured with IOLMaster and contact A-Scan in eyes with macular edema (ME) and to investigate the correlation between measurement difference and foveal thickness.[Methods] Sixty-seven ME eyes of 42 patients (ME group) and 40 healthy eyes of 30participants (control group) were enrolled in this study.Foveal thickness was measured with 3D optical coherence topography (OCT)-1000.The AL was prospectively measured by IOLMaster and contact A-scan,The correlation between measurement difference and foveal thickness was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.[Results] Mean foveal thickness of ME eyes was (377.85± 119.84) μm.Mean AL by IOLMaster and contact A-scan were (22.95±0.97) mm and (22.82±1.04) mm in ME group,and (23.21±1.08) mm and (23.17 ± 1.15) mm in the control group respectively.The difference between two groups was statistically significant (t=-3.102,P=0.003).There was no correlation between measurement difference and foveal thickness in ME group (r=-0.097; P =0.447).[Conclusion]s There is a difference of AL measurements using contact A-scan and IOLMaster in ME eyes.However,there was no correlation between measurement difference and the foveal thickness.