China ; Environmental Monitoring ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Environmental Pollutants ; Organic Chemicals

Purpose:To evaluate the clinical effect of late-course hyperfractionated (LCH) radiotherapy and conventionally fractionated (CF) radiotherapy for local advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:From August 1995 to April 1998, 74 patients with inoperable stage Ⅲ NSCLC were randomized into two groups: CF and LCH. 37 patients in CF group received a fraction of 2 Gy daily, 5 days per week, to the total dose of 65～70 Gy /6.5～7 weeks. 37 patients in LCH group were treated with the same fractionation as CF group to the dose of 40 Gy, and then followed by LCH radiotherapy: 1.2Gy, twice daily, with the interval of 6 hours between fractions, to the total dose of 64 Gy/6 weeks. Results:The overall response rate in LCH group and CF group were 78.4%(29/37) and 62.2%(23/37) respectively, the difference was significant (P

Objective To explore the reasons and the treatment counter-measures for secondary intracranial hemorrhage happens in the intracranial tumor craniotomy. Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 15 patients with intracranial tumor who suffered secondary intracranial hemorrhage intraoperation. Summarized the tumor characteristics and the situation of corresponding vessels confined by second operation. Results In these 15 cases,the rank of course of disease was 6.5 months to 2 years, mean 1.2 years. The size of the tumor was big with diameter 4.62 ～5. 82cm,mean 5. 12cm,and the tumor was deep surrounding by large range edema,which led to intracranial hypertension. The emissary vein,bridging vein and cortical draining vein were considered as the corresponding vessels for ' secondary intracranial hemorrhage during the second operation carried out for all 15 cases. There wsa no death cases in this research and all patients recovered the nomal ability for self-caring after 3 months following up. Conclusion Sudden drawdown of intracranial pressure and perfusion pressure breakthrough of local vessels had relationship with secondary intracranial hemorrhage during craniotomy for intracranial tumor. Accurate judgement for the occurrence of secondary intracranial hemorrhage intra-operation and quickly taking the effective corresponding measures was the important strategy for prognosis improving for these patients.

Objective To explore hematoma piercing attract joint hematoma clearance to bone valves decompression technique in hematoma volume,skull,pressure high blood pressure brain hemorrhage treatment,and to further explore hypertension brain hemorrhage of reasonable surgery. Methods Hematoma in relatively large quantities of high intracranial pressure in hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,and patients in the experimental group were implemented early hematoma puncture to attract a joint hematoma decompressive craniectomy treatment,and the control group were implemented the traditional hematoma de-compressive craniectomy treatment. The prognosis of the two groups were compared. Results The two groups were followed up for 6 months,and evaluated by ADL grade,between the two groups was statistically significant difference in ADL classification( P<0.01). Conclusion In the hematoma volume larger, high intracranial pressure in hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the surgical treatment of patients,the early line to attract a joint hematoma puncture decompressive craniectomy was a reasonable and feasible surgical method which can improve these patients prognosis.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Diaphragm ; Female ; Humans ; Muscular Diseases ; etiology ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Young Adult

Bone Density ; physiology ; Bone Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; China ; epidemiology ; Endemic Diseases ; Fluoride Poisoning ; epidemiology ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Osteoblasts ; physiology ; Oxidative Stress ; Parathyroid Hormone ; metabolism ; Thioredoxins ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor AP-1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the intervention of Fagopyrum cymosum (Trev.) Meisn alcohol extract (FAE) on defecation function and motor functions of isolated colons of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) rats and to study its underlying mechanism.

METHODSThe D-IBS rat model was established by neonatal pups maternal separation (NMS) combined with intracolonic infusion of acetic acid (AA). Adult IBS rats were randomly divided into the pre-intervention control group (n = 10, with no gastrogavage), the normal saline control group (n = 10, administered with normal saline by gastrogavage), the pre-treatment model group (n = 8,with no gastrogavage),the normal saline model group (n = 8, administered with normal saline by gastrogavage), the low dose FAE group (n = 8, administered with 6 g/kg FAE by gastrogavage), the high dose FAE group (n = 8, administered with 24 g/kg FAE by gastrogavage), and the Pinaverium Bromide group (n = 8, administered with 0.02 g/kg Pinaverium Bromide by gastrogavage). All medication was performed once daily for 2 weeks. The abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) was employed to evaluate the visceral hypersensitivity; their loose and watery stool grade was assessed by Bristol scores for stool consistency; and their fresh feces weight was calculated. In vitro effect of different concentrations of FAE and Pinaverium Bromide (0.02 μg/mL) on spontaneous contraction and spasmodic contraction induced by acetylcholine (Ach) in rats' isolated colon were observed and the influence on the intestinal calcium channel was evaluated.

RESULTSCompared with the pre-intervention control group, the pain pressure threshold and the maximum tolerance pressure decreased significantly in the pre-intervention model group (P < 0.05), and the loose and watery stool grade and fresh feces weight increased drastically (P < 0.01). Compared with the normal saline control group, the pain pressure threshold and the maximum tolerance pressure decreased significantly in the normal saline model group (P < 0.05), and the loose and watery stool grade and fresh feces weight increased markedly (P < 0.01). Compared with the normal saline model group, the pain pressure threshold of 24 g/kg FAE and Pinaverium Bromide group significantly increased (P < 0.05). The loose and watery stool grade and fresh feces weight decreased obviously in the low dose FAE group, the high dose FAE group, and the Pinaverium Bromide group (P < 0.05). FAE (30, 100, 300, 1,000, and 3,000 μg/mL) and Pinaverium Bromide could significantly inhibit spontaneous contraction of isolated intestines (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and FAE (30, 100, and 300 x 10(-6) g/mL) could remarkably inhibit their spasmodic contraction and contractile tension induced by Ach and Ca2+ respectively (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in a concentration-dependent manner. Pinaverium Bromide also could significantly inhibit Ach and Ca2+ induced contraction.

CONCLUSIONEffective components of FAE improved the defecation function and inhibited enterospasm induced intestinal hyperactivity in IBS model rats via antagonizing calcium channel competitively and inhibiting colonic motility dose-dependently.

Acetic Acid ; Animals ; Defecation ; drug effects ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Fagopyrum ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Rats

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis.Methods The early diagnosis and treatment of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis was induced and summarizd,7 cases in our hospital treated from 2005.6 to 2008.9.were analyzed.Results In this investigation,3 cases were puerperal women,and the other 4 had no special medical history.Brain edema of difference degree was found in all cases on CT scans,including sulcus (7 cases),compression of cistern(5 cases) or even disappeared of cistern(2 cases).CT scanning also revealed dense triangle in 2 cases,multiple small encephalomalacia focus of frontal lobe lesions in 3 cases,and sub-arachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) in 2 cases.The digital subtraction angio-grapby(DSA) also was underwent,of 2 superior sagittal sinus not seen,of 4 appear unevenness,of 7 Arterio-venous circulation delayed and of 5 collateral circulation vasodilatation.After treatment,the clinical symptoms and signs of all patients were improved.All of them could be self-supporting.Followed up for 3 years,the mortality was 0,and no one cerebral hemorrhage again.Conclusion The early diagnosis and treatment of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis could reduce the morbidity and mortality, also could improve prognosis.Especially for the one without cerebral hemorrhage,using heparin at the beginning was an effective and safe way.

Objective To observe endoplagmic reticulum stress in bone tissue of fluomsis rats and further explore the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.Methods 48 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups according to their body mass.The control and low.calcium group were fed with normal diet(0.79%calcium)and low-calcium diet(0.79%calcium)respectively,and both drank tap water(sodium fluoride concentrations＜1 mg/L).High fluoride and low.calcium plus high-fluoride groups were fed with normal diet(0.79%calcium)and low-calcium diet (0.79%calcium)respectively,and both drank tap water containing sodium fluoride(sodium fluoride concentrations 221 mg/L).During experimental period,rats were measured body mass once a week with a stand diet and water available ad libiturn.The experimental period was 3 months.The biochemical techniques were used to test the indicators of oxidative stress and ALP in seFum of fluorosis rats.The total RNA was extracted from the one side of the femur,and the transcription level of Bip,Xbp1,CHOP and PDI were investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The level of MDA in serum of low-calcium plus high-fluoride group wag higher than that of the control[(14.74±3.11)μmol/L vs(10.15±1.96)μmol/L,P＜0.05];the activity of GPx was ma~edly higher in hish-fluoride group compared with the control[(3.87±0.41)×103 U/L vs(2.85± 0.55)×103 U/L,P＜0.05];the level of uric acid in sel'um was significantly lower both in high-fluoride group and low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the respective control and the low-calcium group[(73.95± 9.52)μmol/L vs(110.43±25.48)μmol/L,(54.32±22.09)μmol/L vs(101.71±17.01)μmol/L,P＜0.05]. The activity of ALP wag obviously higher in low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the control [(24.77±4.57)×103U/L vs (12.91±3.97)×103U/L,P＜0.01)].The mRNA expression of Bip/GAPDH in bone tissue was markedly higher in bone of high-fluoride group and low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the control(1.38±0.24,1.35±0.12 vs 1.14±0.06,P ＜ 0.05). The expression of Xbp1/GAPDH in bone tissue significantly increased in low-calcium plus high-fluoride groups compared with the control and the low-calcium group (1.48±0.20 vs 1.02±0.25,1.07±0.25,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01);and CHOP/GAPDH in bone tissue significantly increased in low-calcium plus high-fluoride groups compared with the control(0.84±0.18 vs 0.52±0.07,P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Accelerated osteogenetic action is seen in fluorosis rats,accompanied by oxidative stress and bone endoplasmic reticulum stress,which is likely involved in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.

BACKGROUND:Chitin has been found to be a good biomaterial, but research on chitin carrying corneal epithelial cel s for rabbit corneal epithelial injury is little reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the repair outcomes of chitin hybrid membrane carrying corneal epithelial cel s in the rabbit corneal epithelial injury.METHODS:Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were enrol ed and made into left corneal epithelial injury models, and then randomized into two groups and treated with chitin hybrid membrane carrying corneal epithelial cel s (experimental group) and chitin hybrid membrane (control group), respectively. The damage area, histological changes and ultrastructure of the cornea were observed at 1, 3, and 7 days after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Damage area of the cornea in the experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group at 1 and 3 days after implantation (P<0.05), and the cornea in both two groups healed wel at 7 days after implantation. At 7 days after implantation, in both two groups, the corneal epithelium with six layers adhered to the corneal stroma closely, which was repaired completely and regularly. Comparatively speaking, the cornea in the experimental group possessed smooth outer layer. Besides, in the experimental group, the hexagonal corneal epithelial cel s arranged closely with flat surface;while the hexagonal corneal epithelial cel s in the control group showed no smooth surface and gaps between cel s. These results indicate that chitin hybrid membrane carrying corneal epithelial cel s promotes the repair of rabbit corneal epithelial injury.