Objective: To introduce a method combining thread-burying in eyebrow and construction of double eyelid for treatment of upper eyelid cutis laxa in the middle-aged and young. Methods: We used 3-0 non-invasive thread for intradermal suture and fixed the eyebrow to the superciliary periost, then double eyelid construction was performed to remove the superfluous skin of upper eyelid in 23 patients with upper eyelid cutis laxa. Results: All the 23 cases obtained satisfactory clinical outcomes, with the upper eyelid cutis laxa. obviously improved. Conclusion: Thread-burying in eyebrow combined with double eyelid construction is a simple and effective strategy for treatment of middle-aged and young patients with upper eyelid cutis laxa.

Background It is well known that tissue factor (TF) is expressed in tumor cells and neovascular endothelial cells of tumor.It plays an important role in the formation of new blood vessels as well as the growth and metastasis of tumor.However,whether TF is expressed or not in choroidal melanoma(CM)is unclear.Objective This study is to investigate the expression of TF in a choroidal melanoma cell line and human choroidal melanoma.Methods The expression of TF was studied in the optimal choroidal melanoma-1 (OCM-1) cell line and ten specimens from CM patients using immunhistochemistry.Ten normal eye specimens from donators were used as controls.Results The TF protein was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm.It is over-expressed in OCM-1 cells with positive rate of 85.33±5.47%.Hyper-expression of TF also was found in human choroidal melanoma with a positive rate of 41.60±14.17%.The integrated optical density (IOD) of positive cells in CM was 33853.67±16445.30,and only 5.65±4.26% of positive cells was found in normal human choroidal tissue.The IOD of TF expression in normal human choroidal tissue was 426.43±316.62.Conclusion The overexpression of TF in CM cells may be a new immunotherapy target for CM treatment.

Acupuncture ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Meridians ; Terminology as Topic

ObjectiveTo observe the projections from respiratory neurons of medulla oblongata to the motor neuron pool of phrenic nerve in rat. MethodsBy using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing technique after injecting HRP into phrenic nerve, retrograde labelled neurons were found in C3-C5 segment. Then, HRP was injected into the area where the phrenic motor neurons occupied, retrograde labelled neurons were found in medulla oblongata. ResultsPhrenic motor neurons locate in the C3-C5 segment ipsilaterally, occuping the intermediate portion of anterior horn and appearing typical motor neurons. Retrograde labelled neurons were found bilaterally in medulla oblongata, the neurons were located in nucleus retroambigualis (RNA), ventramedial area to nucleus retrofacialis (NRF). ConclusionThe phrenic motor neurons may receive direct projection of respiratory neuron in medulla oblongata, the projecting neurons are distributed in RNA and NRF area.

High altitude polycythemia (HAPC) had become one of the main common chronic diseases, which had seriously threatened the health of Plateau people. In the Tibetan medicine classic bookSi-Bu Yi-Dian, there were recordings on HAPC treatment methods and medications, which had the unique advantages of identified therapeutic effect with little side effect. This article analyzed Tibetan medicine in the prevention and treatment of HAPC from aspects such as etiology and pathogenesis, clinical treatment advantages and modern innovation study. Questions were also raised on lacking of standardization on HAPC clinical effectiveness, as well as Tibetan medicine compound material basis and action mechanisms were unclear. It was proposed that based on the inheritance of Tibetan medicine theoretical basis and clinical therapeutic effect, the Tibetan medicine original thinking should be combined with modern science and technology, in order to strengthen the analysis of ancient literature collection in HAPC treatment and data mining in medication experiences. The clinical treatment standards and medication plan should be standardized. Methods of systems biology, such as metabolomics, can be used in the further study of the scientific connotation of HAPC treatment by Tibetan medicine.

AIMTo study the effect of atropine, muscarinic cholinergic antagonist, on the central analgesic action of melatonin (MT) and to explore the mechanism of MT analgesia.

METHODSAs an indicator of visceral pain, the unit discharges of the neurons in the posterior group of thalamic nuclei (PO) were caused by stimulating the great splanchnic nerve (GSN) of the cat. The cranial stereotaxic and extracellular glass microelectrode record technique were used. The drugs were given through the intra-cranial-ventricle (icv).

RESULTS0.1% MT (10 micrograms.kg-1, icv) was shown to inhibit the unit discharge of the neurons in PO of the cat, whether the long latency or the short latency, which was evoked by stimulating GSN. The inhibition of 0.1% MT (10 micrograms.kg-1, icv) on the short latency discharge of neurons in PO was antagonized by 0.1% atropine (20 micrograms, icv). However, 0.1% atropine (20 micrograms, icv) did not show antagonistic effect on the inhibition of 0.1% morphine (5 micrograms, icv) at the same latency.

CONCLUSIONMT exhibited central analgesic action with mechanism different from morphine. It was suggested that the cholinergic system may be involved in analgesic process of MT.

Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Atropine ; pharmacology ; Cats ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials ; drug effects ; Female ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; Melatonin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Morphine ; pharmacology ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; physiology ; Splanchnic Nerves ; physiology ; Thalamic Nuclei ; drug effects ; physiology

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) offer a non-selective and receptor-independent mode to promote cellular uptake. Although the non-specificity of CPP-mediated internalization allows this approach applicable to a wide range of tumor types potentially, their universality is a significant obstacle to their clinical utility for targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics and imaging agents. Accordingly, many reports have focused on selective switching of systemically delivered inert CPPs into their active form in lesions (tumor). In this review, our attention is mainly confined to such an enzyme-sensitive domain incorporated delivery system with activatable CPPs (ACPPs), which have displayed the exciting strength in balancing the CPPs' pros and cons, and potential in the treatment and diagnosis of some diseases.
Cell-Penetrating Peptides ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Enzymes ; chemistry ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the IDO1 inhibitor 1- methyl- L- tryptophan (1- MT) combine calcium influx inhibitor carboxyamidotriazole (CAI) could further enhance the suppression of programmed death 1 (PD-1) in CD8 + T cells and investigate the curative effect of the combined use. METHODS CD8 +T cells were isolated from normal mice spleen by negative selection using magnetic cell separation. The isolated CD8 +T cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FBS and 100 U·mL- 1 IL-2 and activated by the addition of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 (1 g·L- 1 each mabs). CD8 + T cells were pretreated for 48 h with drug and the fluo- 3 as a marker of intracellular calcium concentration was detected by flow cytometry. The calcineurin (CaN) levels were assayed with ELISA in CD8+T cells after 48 h incubation with 10 μm CAI. The nuclear translocations of NFAT and AHR were detected by immunofluorescent staining after 48 h of drug treatment. The expression of PD-1 in CD8+T cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Intracellular fluorescent intensity was markedly debase due to CAI treatment(P<0.01). Meanwhile, the changes of CaN content had a resembled correlation (P<0.01). Immunofluorescence experiment showed that after combination therapy the transfer of NFAT and AHR in nuclear substantially reduced. Flow cytometry revealed that after the combination caused a significant decrease in PD-1 expression in CD8+T cells. CONCLUSION CAI and 1-MT could inhibit markedly the expression of PD-1 in CD8 +T cells by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NFAT and AHR, respectively and the combination of them has synergetic effect.

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Animals ; Aorta ; drug effects ; physiology ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Cadmium ; toxicity ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Vasoconstriction ; drug effects