Objective To study the sensitivity and specificity of oligoclonal bands (OCBs) and intrathecal IgG synthesis rate (IgG Syn) for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the correlation between qualitative and quantitative indices.Methods Albumin and IgG concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from 30 patients with MS, 40 with other nervous system inflammatory diseases (NID) and 22 with nervous system noninflammatory diseases (NNID) were determined by rate nephelometry method. OCBs in the CSF were detected using isoelectric focusing combined with silver staining, and IgG Syn was calculated. The sensitivity, specificity and positive result likelihood ratio (PRLR) were analyzed.Results There were no significant difference in the abnormal rate of OCBs and IgG Syn between MS group and NID group. When MS and NID groups were compared with NNID group, the difference was extremely significant (all P

Sphingolipids are structural components of cellular membranes.Their metabolites,such as ceramide,sphingosine,and sphingosine 1-phosphate are important bioactive molecules,which act as the first or second messengers regulating various cellular activities,including proliferation,survival,migration and neovascularization in vitro and in vivo tumor models.Sphingosine kinases 1(SPK1) is a critical regulator of the balance between ceramide and S1P.Recent studies show that ceramide,SPK1 and S1P can regulate many of the hallmarks of cancer.These studies suggest that these metabolites can serve as novel targets for cancer therapy.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of hypophrenia induced by Down syndrome (DS).Methods Ts65Dn mice were used as DS animal model.Three female mice and three male mice of three to twelve weeks old were mated.Among the 17 first-generation mice alive,five mice remained Ts65Dn trisomy and 12 mice were normal.Five Ts65Dn mice and five normal mice were selected randomly as Ts65Dn group and control group,and bred till 16 to 18 weeks old for experiments.Differential proteins in hippocampus of mice were tested by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ).Expressions of the differential proteins in Ts65Dn group were detected compared with those in control group.Results A total of 2805 proteins were identified in hippocampus of Ts65Dn group and control group,and significant differences were observed in the expressions of 374 proteins.Compared with those in control group,expressions of 195 proteins increased and 179 reduced in Ts65Dn group.Sorted by P value from low to high,the seven proteins with the lowest P value were uncharacterized protein C2orf47 homolog,isoform 2 of filamin A-interacting protein 1-like,zinc finger protein,isoform 1 of pericentriolar material 1 protein,SEC23 interacting protein,BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 3 and serpin H1.Conclusions Differential proteins are observed in hippocampus of Ts65Dn mice,perhaps closely correlating to neurological defects.The new technology of iTRAQ helps to screen and identify differential proteins in hippocampus.

Dynamic fluorescence molecular imaging is a kind of technique that can capture the dynamic physiology and pathology process in vivo by imaging the whole progress of absorption,distribution and elimination of fluorescence molecular probes in small animals.It has the advantages of non-ionizing radiation,fast imaging,high sensitivity and specificity,low cost,and has broad application prospects in basic and clinic medical research.This paper reviews the research progress in dynamic fluorescence molecular imaging from three aspects including system,algorithm and application.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of full-size three-dimensional individual printed model (3D-IPM) for improving the patient's understanding of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) preoperatively.Methods Between June 2015 and June 2016,37 patients with cT1 renal tumors underwent retroperitoneal LPN.The 3D individual digital models (3D-IDMs) were created using 3D medical image reconstructing and guiding system (3D-MIRGS) and the full-size 3D-IPMs were fabricated correspondingly.For each patient and his/her closest accompanying immediate family member (CAIFM),two preoperative conversations with a single surgeon were held by using patient's CT films,the entity of 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration separately.The preoperative levels of comprehension to the renal anatomy,mass characteristics,the upcoming PN procedure,potential complication risks and postoperative prognosis were evaluated using a self-made scoring questionnaire in the patient and CAIFM groups.Results All the fabrications of full-size 3D-IPMs were technically successful.Both in patient and CAIFM groups,the total preoperative comprehending score (total-PCS) elevated significantly by presenting 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration than CT films (42.7 vs.31.5 in patient group,P ＜ 0.05;44.6 vs.33.1 in CAIFM group,P ＜ 0.05).Sub-PCSs in all 5 aspects also showed a uniformed climbing pattern with the assistance of 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration rather than CT films.Conclusion The application of 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration can improve the preoperative comprehension of the patient and CAIFM to LPN with more intuitionistic and verisimilar presentation.

In recent years,fluorescent probes become more available for the progress of biology and gene technology,which has accelerated the development of fluorescence molecular imaging.With these fluorescent probes,target molecular,protein and gene can be specifically located and analyzed,which make possible the early detection and treatment of disease.This paper gives an introduction of the fluorescent probe technology and its application in the fields of biology and medicine.

This study was aimed to compare the function of dendritic cells (DCs) in patients of Y in-Huang syn-drome and Y ang-Huang syndrome from the peripheral blood of HBV related hepatic failure. Jaundice patients of HBV related hepatic failure were divided into two groups, which were the Y ang-Huang syndrome group and Y in-Huang syndrome group. And a healthy control group was also established. The DCs were separated and cultured in vitro from PBMCs in the peripheral blood. Surface molecules such as HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, CD83 and CD1αwere detected by the flow cytometry. And the level of IFN- α and IL-4 in the supernatant of DCs were also de-tected. The expression difference of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells between Y in-Huang and Y ang-Huang syndrome in patients of HBV related hepatic failure were compared. The results showed that compared with healthy people, the expression rate of DCs phenotype such as HLA-DR, CD1α, CD83, CD80, CD86 in patients of HBV related hepatic failure was significantly decreased (P < 0.01); the excreted factor IFN-α had a significant rising (P < 0.01). Compared to Y ang-Huang syndrome group, the expression rate of CD83 and CD86 in the Y in-Huang syndrome group of HBV related hepatic failure patients was significantly reduced (P < 0.01). And the ex-creted factor of IL-4 had a significant rising in Y in-Huang syndrome group (P < 0.01). Compared to the Y in-Huang syndrome group, the excreted factor IFN-α in the Yang-Huang syndrome group had a significant rising (P< 0.01). It was concluded that DCs function of patients with HBV related hepatic failure in both Y in-Huang syn-drome and Y ang-Huang syndrome group showed low immune function. And the immune function of the Y in-Huang syndrome group was lower. There was excessive releasing of inflammatory factors in the Y ang-Huang syn-drome group. And there was enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in the Y in-Huang group.

Objective To investigate the alteration of NKT cells number in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its correlation with SLE disease activity.Methods Blood samples were obtained from 30 patients with SLE and 30 healthy control subiects.The number of NKT cells from peripherial blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were detect by flow cytometry (FCM).Two independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation was used to evaluated the relationship between SLE disease activity and NKT cells.Results Compared with healthy controls [(4.16±0.22)%],lower number of NKT cells were found in SLE group[(2.53±0.33)%](P<0.05).An inverse correlation was observed between the frequency of NKT cells and IgG,anti-dsDNA,SLE disease activity index.Conclusion Reduced proportions of NKT cells observed in patients with SLE and is associated with high SLE disease activity.

Objective: To study the synthesis, antibacterial activities and structure activity relationship of 7 substituted 1 substituted 6,8 difluoro 1,4 dihydro 4 oxo 3 quinolonecarboxylic acid compounds. Methods: The title compounds were synthesized through the process of condensation, Gould Jacobs cyclization, nucleophilic substitution. Antibacterial activities in vitro were determined with 10 kinds of common pathogenic bacteria. Results: Twenty six compounds of 7 substituted 1 substituted 6,8 difluoro 1,4 dihydro 4 oxo 3 quinolonecarboxylic acids were designed and synthesized. Among them 20 compounds were firstly reported. The chemical structures of all the compounds were determined by IR, 1HNMR and elementary analysis. Especially for type Ⅲ, compound Ⅲ b2 had more potent activity compared with fleroxacin in vitro . Conclusion: Among the 26 kinds of compounds synthesized, some of them have good antibacterial activities, the antibacterial activity of compound Ⅲ b2 is better than fleroracin. The compounds of type Ⅲ should be further studied.

0.05). Conclusions Our study does not support a positive association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection or reinfection and MS. Chlamydia pneumoniae may be a bystander pathogen.