Humans ; Podocytes ; physiology ; Proteinuria ; physiopathology

The production conditions of glutathione with shaking flask fermentation by the mutant Saccharomyces J-X25, a methionine-defected strain were studied, and the optimum culture conditions are as follows: initial pH6. 0, temperature 30℃, 100ml in 500ml flask, the inoculum size 10% and agitation rate 220r/min. The emphasis was on the stimulating effect on the cells by dioxogen and the sodium lactate as surfactant. Both of which were added at the logarithmic phase of fermentation, and the GSH production was up to 0. 253g/L , 52% higher than the control without the additions. Compared with the production of GSH initial strain that by the mutant in optimum conditions was increased by 79%.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors for fungal infection in hospitalized patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),and provide basis for taking preventive and control measures.Methods Clini-cal data of 112 inpatients with AIDS in a tertiary first-class hospital from January 2010 to October 2015 were ana-lyzed retrospectively,related risk factors were analyzed in patients with fungal infection,univariate analysis was performed byχ2 or t test,and multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression analysis.Results Among 112 AIDS inpatients,41 (36.61%)had fungal infection.Candida albicans was the main pathogen (n=52, 76.74%)and was mainly isolated from lower respiratory tract (n=29,42.65%).Univariate analysis showed that invasive procedures,duration of antimicrobial use,combined antimicrobial use,and decreased CD4+ T lymphocyte count in peripheral blood were risk factors for fungal infection in AIDS inpatients(all P<0.05),while oral cleaning care and systemic antiviral therapy were protective factors for fungal infection(all P<0.05);multivariate analysis showed that decreased CD4+ T lymphocyte count in peripheral blood(OR,1.017[95% CI,1.009-1.025])and combined antimicrobial use(OR,3.975[95%CI,1.093-14.448])were independent risk factors for fungal infection in AIDS inpatients,while systemic antiviral therapy was independent protective factor for fungal infection (OR, 0.288[95%CI,0.099-0.841]).Conclusion There are many factors influencing fungal infection in AIDS patients, rational use of antimicrobial agents,systemic antiviral therapy,and increasing serum albumin concentration are main methods to prevent fungal infection,avoid unnecessary invasive procedures and application of preventive antifungal therapy for high-risk patients are also effective to prevent fungal infection.

Birth Weight ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Objective To analyze risk factors of multiple drug-resistant infections in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods The clinical data from 284 hospitalized pediatric patients were retrospectively analyzed from June 2011 to July 2015 . The differences between 59 cases with multiple drug-resistant infections and 225 cases with non-multiple drug-resistant infections were compared and analyzed by logistic regression. Results All of 284 cases were single birth. Fifty-nine cases ( 13 . 13 ± 9 . 03 days old) had multiple drug-resistant infections, in which 42 were males and 17 were females. Two hundred and twenty-ifve cases ( 14 . 21 ± 8 . 34 days old) had non-multiple drug-resistant infections, in which 175 cases of males and 50 cases of females. Single factor analysis showed that 8 factors, including gestational age, birth weight, days in hospital, Apgar score at birth, mechanical ventilation, parenteral nutrition, and the categories and duration of use of antimicrobial agents, were the risk factors of multiple drug-resistant infections (P?

Objective To explore the regulation mechanism of autophagy-related protein, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), via c-Jun in methotrexate resistant human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cell lines. Methods Human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cell lines, and methotrexate resistant choriocarcinoma JEG-3 (JEG-3/MTXR) cell lines were used in our present study. Phosphorylation c-Jun (p-c-Jun) was evaluated after exposure to 0.02 ng/ml methotrexate for 72 hours in both cells by western blot. c-Jun gene was knockdown by small interference RNA (siRNA) in JEG-3/MTXR cells, and LC3 was evaluated by western blot and reverse transcription-PCR. The binding of LC3 promoter with c-Jun protein was detected via chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) with or without 0.02 ng/ml methotrexate exposure. Results The results showed that p-c-Jun was up-regulated after methotrexate treatment for 72 hours (1.99±0.20, versus 0.20±0.06 at 0 hour;P<0.05) by western blot analysis in JEG-3/MTXR cell lines. Further investigation demonstrated that c-Jun-siRNA could inhibit the up-regulation of LC3 formation and after methotrexate exposure (LC3 mRNA:1.24±0.17 versus 3.03±0.43;LC3 protein:0.52±0.07 verus 1.20± 0.15; all P<0.05). The binding of LC3 promoter by c-Jun protein was up-regulated after methotrexate treatment by the method of ChIP in methotrexate resistant JEG-3/MTXR cells [(2.95 ± 0.35) times]. Conclusion Autophagy-related gene LC3 expression regulated by c-Jun protein may be involved in the effect mechanism of the development of methotrexate resistance in choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells.

Objective To explore the possibility of non-discarding blood after cisplatin hyperther-mic antiblastic perfusion(HAP)in treating the patients with malignant bone tumor of lower extremity.Methods Forty patients consisted of 31osteosarcomas and9malignant fibrous histiocytomas of bone.The clinical stages were wholly classified intoⅡB stage according to Ennekings surgical staging system for muscu-loskeletal tumors.The patients were divided into three groups:group1:discarding blood group(10cases),in whom200ml of the400ml blood remaining in heart-lung machine was discarded after HAP;group2:Non-discarding blood group(25cases),the blood remaining in heart-lung machine was not discarded after HAP and re-infused into systemic circulation;group3:systemic chemotherapy group(5cases),cisplatin was infused intravenously.The regional and the systemic blood cisplatin concentrations were determined at3,30and60minutes during HAP,and the systemic blood cisplatin concentrations were determined at0,0.5,1,2,4,8,12,24,48and72hours after HAP in the group1and group2.While1h after cisplatin infusion in-tra venously in the group3,the blood cisplatin concentration were also measured.Results The regional blood cis platin concen tra tions were high er than that in systemic blood at the time during HAP.The systemic blood cisplatin concen trations after HAP,ex cept at0minute in the group2were higher than that in the group1,there were sig nificant statistic differences between the two groups.The systemic blood cisplatin con-cen trations after HAP in the group2were simi lar to that after systemic chemotherapy.No severe adverse ef-fects in the group1were found.The Ennek ings surgical stagings for the tumors were turned fromⅡB intoⅡA in all the patients.Conclusion The method of non-discarding blood after HAP is available,it is not only local treatment ,but also systemic chemotherapy in the patients with malignant bone tumor of lower ex-tremi ty for limb-salvage surgery.

Objective To understand the microorganisms pollution and the community structure and distribution characteristics of airborne microbes in forest scenic spot in Huangshan,China.Methods The airborne microbes were sampled by fallen plate method from 2002 to 2003 in Huangshan scenic area and Hefei city.Results The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the elevation and airborne microbe,the relative coefficient was -0.580(P

Objective: To examine the microbial flora within the root canals with failed root canal therapy by PCR test, to identify detection rate of bacteria and the predominant bacteria species, and to determine the association of the various species with clinical features. Methods: Forty roots with failed root canal therapy were selected for this study. According to clinical features the roots were divided into three groups: pain, fistula and symptomless. After removal of the root filling material, the microbial samples were taken from the canal and detected by PCR test. Results: The microbial flora within root canals of teeth with failed root canal therapy was found to be mixed, six kinds of bacteria were detected. Enterococcus faecalis was the most commonly recovered bacteria species. Significant associations were observed between Prevotella nigrescens and pain, while dependablity was observed between Actinomyces israelii and fistula. Conclusion: The main cause of root canal treatment failure is the persistent microorganisms. The composition of bacteria in teeth with failed root canal therapy has its own specificity.

Astrocytoma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Capillaries ; pathology ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; blood supply ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ependymoma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Glioblastoma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Hemangioblastoma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Microvessels ; pathology ; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial ; blood supply ; pathology ; Oligodendroglioma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Paraganglioma ; blood supply ; pathology