Objective To analysis the effect of misopmstol,oxytocin nasal spray and carboprost methylate suppositorites on estrogen,nitric oxide (NO),nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and clinical efficacy in patients with general term vaginal delivery.Methods A total of 600 patients with postpartum hemorrhage were randomly divided into group A,group B and group C,200 cases in each group.Group A was given oxytocin nasal spray,per nostril 0.1 mL,twice a day,group B was given misoprostol,200 μg sublingual,group C received carboprost methylate suppositorites 1 mg,anus.After treatment,the serum levels of estradiol (E2),nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS),bleeding volume,clinical efficacy,adverse drug reactions were compared in three groups.Results After treatment,the total effective rates in group A,B and C were 76.50％ (153/200 cases),86.00％ (172/200 cases),90.50％ (181/200 cases),total effective rate of group C significantly higher than group A (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,estradiol levels of group A,B,C were (14.75 ±2.09),(17.63 ±2.15),(21.82 ±3.09) nmol · L-1.Levels of NO in group A,B,C were (107.83 ± 11.21),(92.42 ± 10.17),(79.25 ±9.89) nmol · L-1.Levels of NOS in group A,B,C were (25.64 ±3.11),(22.56±3.05),(19.63 ±2.28) nmol · L-1(P ＜0.05).And 2 h bleeding volume were (712.43 ± 40.85),(632.43 ± 42.77),(580.74 ± 37.64) mL in group A,B,C;2-24 h bleeding volume were (138.92 ± 17.86),(126.94 ± 12.93),(103.85 ± 11.13) mL in group A,B,C(P ＜0.05).The adverse drug reactions in group A were nasal irritation,nasal bleeding,incidence of adverse drug reactions was 1.50％ (3/200 cases).The adverse drug reactions in group B were mild nausea,vomiting,dizziness,incidence of adverse drug reactions was 2.50％ (5/200 cases).The adverse drug reactions in group C were diarrhea,nausea and vomiting,incidence of adverse drug reactions was 2.00％ (4/200 cases),with no statistical differences (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with the treatment of misoprostol and oxytocin nasal spray,the carboprost methylate suppositorites can significantly improve the serum E2 level,reduce serum NO and NOS levels in patients with postpartum hemorrhage and reduce bleeding.

Objectives To identify the possible relationship between polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 on the Chromosome 17 and risk of essential hypertension (EH).Methods The polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 were genotyped using Genetic Analyzer in 325 subjects from 67 Chinese families with EH in Liauning province.The polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 sites were genotyped using Genetic Analyzer and GeneSean Software;PHASE2.1 Software was used in hyplotype analysis and affected sib pair analysis was used in linkage analysis.Results 61 hyplotypes were found in the study population with 272 hypertensive and 53 normotensive subjects and the frequency of haplotype H1 [(CA)18/(CA)11] in the hypertensive (15.4%) was significantly higher than that in the normotensive (6.3%,P＜0.05).Affected sib pair analysis could be applied in 180 subjects,the t values of the D17S1878 and D17S932 were 1.88 and 3.95,respectively (both P＜0.05) suggesting that the transitivity and consistency of the D17S1878 and D17S932 in sib pairs from the pedigrees were higher than expected (25%).Coneinsion The polymorphisms of D17S1878 and D17S932 were possibly linked with predisposing genes of essential hypertension.

Objective To identify the impact of age and gender on cardiac structure and left ventricular function in normal Chinese by echocardiography. Methods Cardiac structure, valve flow velocity and cardiac function were measured by echocardiography in 15 692 healthy volunteers. Subjects were grouped by age at 5 years interval in population older than 5 years. Children under 5 years were divided into 3 age groups(<1 years,1-3 years,4-5 years). Hierarchical cluster analyses were performed for ages, based on indexes of cardiac structure and function respectively. Results Six groups (< 1 years, 1-3 years,4-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-20 years, ≥21 years) were generated after the age hierarchical cluster analyses based on index of cardiac structure. Four groups (≤30 years, 31-50 years, 51-80 years,≥81 years) were generated based on spectral current flow. Six groups (< 1 years,1-3 years,4-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-15 years, ≥16 years) were generated baaed on left ventricular systolic function and five groups (≤15 years, 16-30 years, 31-50 years, 51-80 years, ≥81 years) were generated based on left ventricular diastolic function. Cardiac structure index were similar between male and female in age groups ≤ 10 years and significantly lower in females than males in age groups ≥ 11 years (P < 0.05). Valve flow velocity was similar between male and female in various age groups (P >0.05). Left ventricular systolic function was similar between male and female in age groups ≤10 years but was significantly higher in males than females in age groups ≥11 years(all P <0.05). Left ventricular diastolic function was similar between female and male in various age groups (P > 0.05) and equally decreased with aging in both female and male subjects. Conclusions The cardiac development in Chinese population can be divided in 6 phases and becomes stable in subjects older than 21 years, left ventricular systolic function becomes stable in subjects older than 16 years and the left ventricular diastolic function declines physiologically with aging.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the heating and facial nerve preservation in the middle fossa approach surgery for the removal of small acoustic tumor (vestibular schwannomas,VS).Methods A prospective database was established,and data were retrospectively reviewed.Between January 2004 and February 2013,13 patients with acoustic tumor underwent surgery via middle fossa approach for heating preservation.The patients consisted of six men and seven women with a mean age of 48 years.Tumor size ranged from 0.8 cm to 1.5 cm.Heating loss was categorized as American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) class A,class B,class C and class D.Facial nerve function was evaluated according to House-Brackmann (HB) Grade Ⅰ-Ⅵ.Results Grosstotal resection was accomplished in 12 of 13 patients.Preoperative heating as class A in ten,class B in two,and class C in one patient respectively.Postoperatively,heating was graded as class A in eight patients,class B in 3,and class C in 2 patients.Facial nerve function was House-Brackmann(HB) grade Ⅰ in twelve patients,grade Ⅱ in one patient preoperatively.Postoperatively,facial nerve function was HB Grade Ⅰ in twelve patients and Grade Ⅲ in one patient.The overall heating preservation rate was at least 80％ (8/10)and HB Grade Ⅰ facial nerve outcome of 100％ (12/12).All cases were followed up for 0.5 to 5 years,no complications were abserved.Conclusions The middle fossa approach for the resection of small VS with heating preservation is a viable and relatively option.It should be considered among the various options available for the management of small and growing VS.

Objective To establish the computer aided design (CAD) software platform of individualized abutment for the maxilla central incisor. MethodsThree-dimentional data of the incisor was collected by scanning and geometric transformation. Data mainly included the occlusal part of the healing abutment, the location carinae of the bedpiece, the occlusal 1/3 part of the artificial gingiva's inner surface,and so on. The all-ceramic crown designed in advanced was "virtual cutback" to get the original data of the abutment's supragingival part. The abutment's in-gum part was designed to simulate the individual natural tooth root. The functions such as "data offset", "bi-rail sweep surface" and "loft surface" were used in the process of CAD. ResultsThe CAD route of the individualized all-ceramic abutment was set up. The functions and application methods were decided and the complete CAD process was realized. Conclusions The software platform was basically set up according to the requests of the dental clinic.

Objective To investigate the effect of cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) gene polymorphism on the antiplatelet therapy of clopidogrel in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods Fifty-five patients who underwent PCI,as well as twenty-three healthy subjects,were enrolled in this study.The genotypes of the samples were identified by gene chips hybridization.The contents of soluble P-selectin (CD62p) and platelet glycoprotein GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a fibrinogen receptor(PAC-1) in patients who underwent PCI were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).The expressions of platelet activation markers were calculated according to interquartile range method.Results Seven patients with CYP2C19 * 2/* 2 genotypes were poor metabolizers,while twenty-eight patients with CYP2C19 * 1/* 2,CYP2C19 * 1/ * 3 were intermediate metabolizers,twenty patients with CYP2C19 * 1/ * 1 were extensive metabolizers.In intermediate metabolism (* 1/* 2),intermediate metabolism (* 1/* 3) and poor metabolism group,the CD62p expressions were (6.73 ± 5.69) ％,(10.94 ± 9.80) ％,(14.35 ± 6.24) ％,(16.80 ± 13.65) ％,respectively,statistically significant differences were found when compared with the control group;The PAC-1 expressions were (1.06 ± 0.69) ％,(2.10 ± 4.09) ％,(2.37 ± 3.15) ％,(2.89 ± 2.75) ％,and there were significant differences in CD62p and PAC-1 among the groups(P ＜0.05).The genotypes of extensive metabolism was high in the response to clopidogrel,while those of intermediate metabolism were moderate and poor metabolism were low.Conclusion Intermediate metabolism genotype patients could be adjusted to the dose of clopidogrel or the use of other antiplatelet drugs,and the poor metabolism genotype patients should be used other antiplatelet drugs.

Objective To investigate the effect of glucose metabolism alteration induced by alloxan intraventricular injection on learning and memory abilities of mice, and its role in the development of AD. Methods Mice were randomly divided into high-dose alloxan intraventricular injection group (n=7, 4 mg/kg) and low-dose alloxan intraventricular injection group (n=7, 1.5 mg/kg)and control group (n=7, physiological saline); intraventricular injection of alloxan, the O-GLcNAc transferase inhibitor, was performed in the high-dose and low-dose alloxan intraventricular injection groups to interfere the brain glucose metabolism. Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and memory abilities of mice. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the alterations of phosphorylation and O-Glycosylation of neurofilament in mice brain induced by alloxan intraventricular injection. Results In the located navigation tests, the swimming time and distance to find the platform in the mice of alloxan administration were significantly increased as compared with those in the control group (P＜ 0.05); in space exploration experiments, compared with those in the control mice, the number of crossing the hidden platform was decreased and the initial angle of entry to water was increased in the mice of alloxan administration (P＜0.05). Western blotting and immunohistochemistry displayed that phosphorylation was obviously increased and the O-Glycosylation was significantly reduced in the cytoskletal neurofilament of the mice with alloxan administration as compared with those in the control group (P＜0.05), which was similar to the alteration of neurofilament's modification in AD brain. Conclusion The inventricular injection of alloxan could impair the learning and memory of mice, which might have a relation with the dysregulation of phosphorylation and O-Glycosylation in neurofilament caused by the impaired glucose metabolism, which is similar to the alteration of phosphorylation and O-Glycosylation in neurofilament in AD brain.

Intestine,the body's largest digestive and immune organ,always affects the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease process.Especially the trimethylamine N-oxide as one of the metabolic derivatives produced by intestinal microbiota,can increase the risk of atherosclerosis and promote cardiovascular diseases such as chronic heart failure.Therefore,changing the level of trimethylamine N-oxide in the circulation by taking different measures to intervene the structure,composition and metabolic activity of intestinal flora can affect the occurrence and development of the disease.Thus,the intestinal flora is recognized as a new target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic feature, treatment and prognosis of patients with Cantrell syndrome. Methods Clinical manifestation, diagnosis, operation and follow-up data of 5 patients with Cantrell syndrome were summarized in this retrospective analysis. Results The age of the 5 patients was 7 days-76 years, definite diagnosis was made in 3 cases and 2 cases presented feature of incomplete Cantrell syndrome. Three patients with full Cantrell syndrome were correctly diagnosed before operation and confirmed by operation. One patient with incomplete Cantrell syndrome (two-vessel stenosis ) received bypass surgery. Another asymptomatic patient with incomplete Cantrell syndrome ( apical diverticulum of the left ventricle) does not need operation and is under observation. During follow-up, 1 patient died at 60months after operation and the remaining 4 patients are alive and well. Conclusions With the development of modern imaging technology, it becomes easy to make correct diagnose Cantrell syndrome before operation.Prognosis is fine post timely operation and related intervention.

Objective To analyze the incidence and cause of complications during and after interventional therapy for congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods From April 1986 to April 2009, 388 out of 6029 patients with CHD developed complications during and post interventional therapy, another 5 patients died post procedure, clinical data from these 393 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with severe functional insufficiency requiring intervention or surgery during and after interventional therapy were classified as severe complications. Results The overall complication rate was 6. 44% [7.69% post atrial septal defect occlusion, 4.20% post patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occlusion, 1.31% post percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty, 14.94% post veatricular septal defect occlusion, 3.13% post percutaneous closure of aortopulmonary collaterals, 30.95% post catheter embolotherapy of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, 12.50% post transcatheter closure of coronary artery fistulae, 20.00% post transcatheter closure of ruptured sinus of Valsava aneurysm, 66. 67% post percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty]. The severe complication rate was 0.65% (39/6029). The procedure-related mortality rate was 0.08% (5/6029), 0.26% (2/761) post percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty, 0.05% (1/2070)post PDA occlusion, 9.10% (1/11) post balloon atrial septostomy, 33.33% (1/3) post percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty. Emergency Cardiovascular surgery rate was 0.22% (13/6029). Selective surgery was required in 0.13% (8/6029)of patients post procedure. Two patients (0.03%) received permanent pacemaker implantation. Conclusions The severe complications and mortality rate of interventional therapy for CHD are relative low. Post procedure follow-up is needed fro monitoring possible procedure-related complications.