Objective To study material basis of Zhou's prescription, components of effective parts Ⅰ in Zhou's prescription was gualitative and quantitative analyzed. Methods The components of effective part Ⅰ was identified by test-tube reaction and qualitative TLC method, the content of saponins and flavones was quantitative analyzed. Results Total content of the saponins and flavone are 1.07% and 0.85% in Zhou's Prescription. The purity of saponins and flavones in effective parts Ⅰ are 37.4% and 29.7%. Conclusion The main components of effective part Ⅰ in Zhou's Prescription were flavones and saponins.

Objective To evaluate the role of astrocyte chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in microglial activation in an in vitro experiment.Methods Primary astrocytes and microglias were isolated from the brain tissues of C57BL/6J mice at postnatal day 1-2.The experiment was performed in two parts.Experiment Ⅰ Astrocytes were inoculated in 6-well culture plates at a density of 3 × 104 cells/well (2 ml/well) and divided into 5 groups (n=3 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-cα) group,1 μg/ml CCL2 small interference RNA (siRNA) group (group CCL2-siRNA1),2 μg/ml CCL2-siRNA (group CCL2-siRNA2) and negative control siRNA group (group NC-siRNA).Astrocytes were cultured routiuely in group C,and 10 ng/ml TNF-α was added and astrocytes were incubated for 15 min followed by washout with phosphate buffer solution (PBS),and then astrocytes were incubated for 3 h in the other 4 groups.At 24 h before TNF-α was added,CCL2-siR-NA 1 and 2 μg/ml were added in CCL2-siRNA1 and CCL2-siRNA2 groups,respectively,and NC-siRNA 2 μg/ml was added in group NC-siRNA.The concentrations of CCL2 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Experiment Ⅱ Microglias were inoculated in 6-well culture plates at a density of 3×104 cells/well (2 ml/well) and divided into 3 groups (n=3 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),TNF-α group and CCL2-siRNA group.Microglias were cultured routinely in group C.In group TNF-α,10 ng/ml TNF-α was added to astrocytes which were incubated for 15 min followed by washout with PBS,astrocytes were then incubated for 3 h,and the supernatant was collected and added to microglias which were incubated for 24 h.In group CCL2-siRNA,2 μg/ml CCL2-siRNA was added to astrocytes which were incubated for 24 h,10 ng/ml TNF-α was also added to astrocytes which were incubated for 15 min followed by washout with PBS,astrocytes were then incubated for 3 h,and the supernatant was collected and added to microglias which were incubated for 24 h.The activity of microglias was measured by immunofluorescence,and the migration of microglias was evaluated by Transwell migration assay.Results Experiment Ⅰ The concentrations of CCL2 were significantly higher in TNF-α,CCL2-siRNA1,CCL2-siRNA2 and NC-siRNA groups than in group C (P＜0.05).The concentrations of CCL2 were significantly lower in CCL2-siRNA1 and CCL2-siRNA2 groups than in TNF-α and NC-siRNA groups (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in CCL2 concentrations between group TNF-α and group NC-siRNA (P＞0.05).Experiment 1Ⅱ Compared with group C,the activity of microglias was significantly increased,and the migration of microglias was enhanced in TNF-α and CCL2-siRNA groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group TNF-α,the activity of microglias was significantly decreased,and the migration of microglias was weakened in group CCL2-siRNA (P＜0.05).Conclusion Astrocyte CCL2 is involved in mieroglial activation in an in vitro experiment.

Background and purpose:It is difficult to diagnose gastric cancer at an early stage,thus the resectable probability of gastric cancer is low.This study was to explore the efficacy of neoajuvant chemotherapy in terms of resectablity for the patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods:Eighty-six patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into routine surgical operation group and neoajuvant chemotherapy+surgical operation group.The patients were examined by CT before surgery.The patients in neoajuvant chemotherapy+surgical operation group received two cycles of neoajuvant chemotherapy,and then were evaluated by CT.Results:In routine surgical operation group,the overall resectability rate was 83.7%(36/43),and the curative resection rate was 46.5%(20/43), 16.3%(7/43)was done by exp.lap.In neoajuvant chemotherapy+surgical operation group,the overall resectability rate was 93.0%(40/43),and the curative resection rate was 69.8%(30/43),only 7.0%(3/43)was exp.lap.No mortality was observed.There were no significant difference between both groups in terms of toxicities.Conclusions:The overall resectability rate and the curative resection rate are increased in patients with advanced gastric cancer aider neoajuvant chemotherapy.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between 25-(OH) vitamin D [25-(OH) D] level and peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Eighty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in this cross-sectional study,including 37 subjects with and 43 without diabetic neuropathy.Anthropometric data was collected and serum levels of 25-(OH) D,HbA1c,blood lipid,and hepatic and renal functions were determined in all patients.Results Serum 25-(OH) D level was significantly lower in patients with diabetic neuropathy compared to those without neuropathy [(12.73 ± 4.68 vs 17.56 ± 5.28) ng/ml,P＜0.01].Logistic regressions demonstrated that vitamin D level was associated with diabetic neuropathy (OR=1.222,95％ CI 1.095-1.364).Conclusions Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.25-(OH) D level seems to be an independent risk factor of diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To study the effect of genetic polymorphism of leukotriene C4 synthase (LTC4S) and 5-lipoxy-genase (ALOX5) on efifcacy of leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) in children with moderate persistent asthma. Methods Seventy-two children with moderate persistent asthma who visited the out-patient clinic of Shanghai Children’s Medical. Center from June 2011 to June 2013 were divided into two groups, each of which ifrst had ICS or LTRA+ICS for twelve weeks and then had the other for another twelve weeks. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to assess the genetic polymorphism of LTC4S RS730012 and ALOX5 RS2115819. Pulmonary function, clinical symptoms and C-ACT score were evaluated before and after treatment. Results After the treatment with LTRA, 75%forced expiratory lfow (FEF75) was improved more signiifcantly in patients with A/C or C/C genotype at LTC4S (RS730012) locus than in patients with A/A genotype. After the treatment with LTRA+ICS, there was no difference of pulmonary function among patients with different genotypes at ALOX5 (RS2115819). Conclusions The SNP of LTC4S (RS730012) is associated with the efifcacy of montelukast in asthmatic patients because of the improvement of small airway function.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the present situation of domestic and foreign metabolomics study,and to preliminarily discuss research hotspots and development rules. METHODS:By using bibliometric methods and GoPubMed literature analysis tool,usingMetabolomicsas subject,all literatures were retrieved from PubMed database up to Jul. 31,2016. Those literatures were ranked and analyzed in respects of publication amount,countries and cities,journal sources,research topics,core authors and authors collaborative networks. UsingMetabolomicsMetabonomicsas subjects,all literatures were retrieved from Web of Science database up to Aug. 1,2016. The literatures with high citation frequency were analyzed during 2007-2016 by using the sort-ing function of citation frequency. RESULTS:A total of 15449 domestic and foreign metabolomics literatures were retrieved. The researchers of 2189 literatures came from China,and the amount of published literatures showed a rising trend. 15449 literatures were distributed in 129 countries and regions;10 countries,such as the United States,China,Britain and Germany,were the core countries,and the total number of literatures issued was 12847(83.16%). The United States held the largest share of world publi-cations(4288 literatures,27.76%),and the following was China in order(2189 literatures,14.17%). The city with the largest amount of publications was London(467 literatures),followed by Shanghai,Beijing. A total of 2168 periodicals were involved, and there were 7.1 published literatures averagely. All of the top 20 periodicals were from the United States and European countries (4377 literatures,28.33%). The first 3 subjects with the highest frequency of occurrence were metabolomics,metabolome and me-tabolism;related researches mainly focused on metabolic processes,metabolic networks and pathways,biological markers,pro-teome and genome;main research methods included spectrum analysis and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Main 6 groups of au-thors were involved,mainly Nicholoson JK,Holmes E,Lindon J and other researchers. None of Chinese researchers had been found among the core authors and author groups. The literatures with high citation frequency mainly focused on the association of metabolism with disease,metabolomics database,metabolomics research methods and biological markers related to disease predic-tion. CONCLUSIONS:Metabolomics has aroused worldwide interest among researchers,and metabolic pathways and biological markers are the focuses in this field. Our researchers have published a large amount of literatures on metabolomics,but there are not high quality periodical carrier or enough cooperation between researchers. It is suggested to enhance the cooperation between various research institutions or grasp the frontier and hotspots of the research in this field so as to push forward the development di-versification and depth of metabolomics research in China.

Objective To explore the influence of stoves and mode of coal-burning on the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in Guizhou Province.Methods Three previous severe endemic villages and two mild villages(as control)were investigated by ways of random sampling in the present and retrospect epidemiological study on stove usage,coal burning mode and the severity of disease.Results Before the 1990's Of 20th century all the households in the previous severe endemic villages used the open stove without ventilated pipe(chimney)and dehydrated the corn over the coal-fire of the open stoves in house,which resulted in severe pollution of the corn and indoor air by fluoride.After the 1990's,each household,although still dried the corn with the coal fire,used the table stoves and iron stoves increasingly year by year,which resulted in the decrease of the emitted fluoride from the coal fire significantly,reduced the fluoride pollution of the indoor air and the main food,thus the incidence of endemic fluorosis consequently decreased. On the other hand, most of the households in the previous severe endemic villages such as Lianhe and Yuanzi still used the open, unventilated stove without chimney, very few installed chimney leading to outside of the room,the rates being 51.3%(41/80)and 41.7%(35/84),respectively.It was concordant to the high incidence of endemic fluorosis.Compared with 1979,the detective rates of dental fluorosis in the crowd aged above 8 years old were increased significantly in Hehua Village in 2006,90.51%(248/274)and 96.08%(392/408),respectively(χ2=7.85,P＜0.01).Conclusions The usage of stoves and mode of coal-burning significantly influence the incidence of the endemic fluorosis caused by domestic coal-burningin Guizhou Province,and inappropriated use of stove and the mode of coal burning are the key factors in cause the prevalence of the severe fluorosis in endemic regions in Guizhou.

Objective To investigate the effect of hematoxin,lipopolysaccharide(LPS),lipopolysaccharide binding protein(LBP)/membrane CD14(mCD14) in occurrence and development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) in children.Methods Serum LPS,LBP,mean fluorescence intensity(MFI) of mCD14 on monocytes of 30 patients with SIRS were measured,at the same time 21 healthy children had been chosen to serve as control group.Results Compared with control group,the serum LPS,LBP,MFI of mCD14 on monocytes of patients with SIRS were significantly higher(Pa

Objective To explore the effect of different processing and drying methods of corn and hot pepper on fluorine content in coal-burning type of the endemic fluorosis areas, and to screen food processing and drying methods which meet the quality requirements of grain drying and able to effectively reduce the total fluoride intake of local population. Methods Farmers of endemic fluorosis area in Bijie, Guizhou province were divided into 3 groups: sun-baked drying group, stove drying group with air-tight cover and stove drying group with no cover, 10 households in each group. Corn and fresh hot pepper and samples dried for 2 weeks, or 1, 3, 6-month were collected, and water and fluoride content were detected, and the total daily fluoride intake were calculated in accordance with the "Determination of Water in Food" (GB/T 5009.3-2003) and "Determination of Fluorine in Foods"(GB/T 5009.18-2003). Results Fluoride content in fresh corn and dried for 2 weeks, or 1, 3, 6-month [of sunbaked drying group: (1.40 ± 0.16), (1.56 ± 0.14), (2.15 ± 0.47), (2.70 ± 0.64), (4.06 ± 1.75)mg/kg, stove drying group with air-tight cover: (1.41 ± 0.16), (2.39 ± 0.56), (4.60 ± 0.97), (8.46 ± 5.55), (11.36 ± 3.60)mg/kg,stove drying group with no cover: (1.40 ± 0.13), (4.69 ± 3.97), (4.47 ± 2.77), (9.65 ± 6.47), (26.12 ± 14.52)mg/kg] and pepper[sun-baked drying group: (5.41 ± 1.61), (16.60 ± 7.62), (32.60 ± 7.88), (50.26 ± 17.60),(240.20 ± 272.49)mg/kg, stove drying group with air-tight cover: (754 ± 2.95), (3238 ± 11.50), (119.18 ± 156.45),(224.00 ± 196.58), (495.70 ± 417.29)mg/kg, stove drying group with no cover: (4.82 ± 1.25), (44.30 ± 13.48),(122.89 ± 66.43), (334.23 ± 166.05), (531.01 ± 397.40)mg/kg] increased with elongation of drying time, and the group difference was significant(F = 44.77, 128.71, 126.87, 41.61, 53.63, 170.63, all P ＜ 0.05), with the largest rate of increase in stove drying group with no cover, and the lowest in sun-baked drying group;fluoride was significantly lower (t = 7.93,63.07,5.36,11.98,55.76,7.45, all P ＜ 0.05) after sample washing;total fluoride intake per person per day was 2.57 mg in local adult when ate washed and sun-baked corn, peppers, the total fluoride intake were 5.92, 8.14 mg when ate the food processed by other two drying methods and washed corn, peppers,respectively. Conclusions In the coal-burning type of fluorosis endemic area, should take appropriate health education measures, and instruct local residents to use sun bake their edible corn and pepper for human consumption, and cultivate a habit of washing corn and pepper before cooking, which can reduce the population total fluoride intake, and control endemic fluorosis.

Objective To evaluate satisfaction and complications of deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps breast reconstruction afer mastectomy in breast cancer patients.Methods The 26 consecutive breast cancer patients who underwent DIEP flap breast reconstruction were collected.General patient satisfaction and esthetic satisfaction with DIEP flap breast reconstruction were accessed using a study-specific questionnaire modified from the Michigan Breast Reconstruction Outcome Study.Results Flap success rate was 100％.The general satisfaction of DIEP breast reconstruction was 61.9％ (13/21),and the esthetic satisfaction was 66.7％ (14/21).Age (≤40 years old was 81.8％ [9/11],＞40 years old was 40.0％ [4/10],P=0.049) and previous abdominal wall surgery (no previous abdominal wall surgery was 75.0％ [12/16] and previous abdominal wall surgery was 20.0％ [1/5],P=0.027) were significant negative factors affecting general satisfaction;Body mass index (BMI ＜25 kg/m2 was 76.5％ [11/17],BMI 25-30 kg/m2 was 50.0％ [2/4],P=0.049) was a statistically significant factor associated with esthetic satisfaction.Four flaps presented venous congestion.One patient had fat necrosis and one had flap infection of the reconstructed breast.One patient had a decrease in abdominal rotational strength.Conclusions DIEP flap breast reconstruction will offer distinct advantages to patients,in terms of decreased donor-site morbidity and shorter recovery periods.