Astrocytoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ependymoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neurofibroma, Plexiform ; metabolism ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective:To explore the effect of autoimmune regulator to TLRs expressions on peripheral antigen presenting cells(APC).Methods:①pEGFPC3-AIRE plasmid was transfected with liposome.②Confocal microscopy was used to observe the effect of transfection.③RT-PCR assay was used to detect the expressions of AIRE and TLR1-9 in RAW264.7cells at 36,48,72,96 h after transfection.Results:①The plasmid was transfected into RAW264.7 cells successfully,and the efficiency of transfection was 60~70%.②AIRE transfected RAW264.7 cells were achieved,and the best time was 72 h.③At 72 h after transfection,the expressions of TLR1,4,5,9 increased,and TLR3,7,8 reduced.The expression of TLR2,6 increased at 96 h.Conclusion:AIRE may regulate the immune response by control TLR expression in APC.It maintain the effective response to pathogen and tolerance state to self tissues through the effects to different TLRs.

Objective To investigate the effects of adenosine preconditioning on the expression of myocardial tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) mRNA and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCABG).Methods Forty patients, aged 44-68 yr, with more than three coronary artery obstructions and the ejection fraction≥40%,undergoing elective OPCABG, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=20 each): control group and adenosine group. Adenosine group received adenosine preconditioning, with the initial infusion rate of 50 μg. kg-1.min-1, then increasing to 100μg.kg-1.min-1after 1 min, finally increasing to 150 μg. kg-1 . min-1 after 2 min and maintaining for 7 min. Vascular anastomosis was started at 5 min after preconditioning. While the control group received normal saline instead of adenosine. Tissue samples of the right auricle were taken before preconditioning (baseline) and at 15 min after blood current retum to measure the expression of myocardial TNF-α mRNA and ICAM-1 mRNA. The myocardial ultrastructure was observed and hemodynamic parameters were monitored.Results The myocardial damage was milder in the adenosine group than in the control group. The expression of myocardial TNF-α mRNA and ICAM-1 mRNA was significantly lower in the adenosine group than in the control group ( P＜0.05).Conclusion Adenosine preconditioning can attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing OPCABG through down-regulating the expression of myocardial TNF- mRNA and ICAM-1 mRNA.

Objective To explore liver protective effects of the stems and leaves and roots of Scutellariae Radix from different areas of Gansu Province;To discuss differences in liver protection of the stems and leaves and roots of Scutellariae Radix. Methods All Kunming mice were randomly divided into 11 groups:normal group, model group, positive control group, Scutellariae Radix root groups and Scutellariae Radix stem-leaf groups of Longxi, Minxian, Weiyuan, Zhangxian. The mice received gavage with relevant medicine once a day for 7 days. 2 hours after the last medication, the mice were given peritoneal injection with 0.1%CCl4 and olive oil to establish the models with liver injury. Hepatic index, the activity of serum ALT and AST, the levels of T-AOC in the liver tissue were calculated in 18 hours after establishing the models. Results Compared with the model group, hepatic index, the activity of serum ALT and AST in the mice of Scutellariae Radix root groups from difference producing areas decreased significantly (P<0.05);the levels of T-AOC in the liver tissue was raised notably (P<0.05). Compared with stem-leaf groups from the same producing area, hepatic index, the activity of ALT and AST in the mice of Scutellariae Radix root groups were remarkably lower than these of Scutellariae Radix stem-leaf groups (P<0.05);the levels of T-AOC in the liver tissue was evidently higher than that of Scutellariae Radix stem-leaf group (P<0.05). Conclusion Scutellariae Radix root water decoction can prevent and protect CCl4-induced acute liver injury to a certain degree, while Scutellariae Radix stem-leaf water decoction shows no significant protective effect on acute liver injury.

Background Clinical studies indicated that the pathogenesis of most corneal dystrophy is associated with the mutation of the transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI) gene.However,the molecular mechanism of mutated TGFBI gene in corneal dystrophy is unclear. Objective The present study was to investigate the expression of the TGFBI gene in human corneal tissue and cells in vitro.MethodsHuman corneal epithelial cells and keratocytes were cultured and passaged,and donor corneal tissue was obtained for the section preparation.RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of TGFBI mRNA in human corneal tissue and cells.Immunofluorescence was used to test the expression of the TGFBI protein in the human corneal tissue,and immunohistochemistry was used to test the expression of the TGFBI protein in human corneal epithelial cells and corneal stromal cells.ResultsRT-PCR analysis showed that TGFBI mRNA could be detected as a 1274 bp band in human corneal tissue and corneal stromal cells,but no TGFBI mRNA was observed in corneal epithelial cells.Immunofluorescence assay revealed that corneal stromal cells were positive ly expressed for the TGFBI protein,but the corneal epithelial cells did not express the TGFBI protein.Immunohistochemistry indicated that the expression of TGFBI was detected the red fluoressence in the cytoplasm of corneal stromal cells;however,no positive response was found in corneal epithelial cells.ConclusionsThe expression of the TGFBI gene occurs in human corneal stromal cells but not in the corneal epithelial cells.This result might be of helpful for studying the function and role of TGFBI gene in pathogenesis of corneal dystrophy.

Astrocytoma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Capillaries ; pathology ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; blood supply ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ependymoma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Glioblastoma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Hemangioblastoma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Microvessels ; pathology ; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial ; blood supply ; pathology ; Oligodendroglioma ; blood supply ; pathology ; Paraganglioma ; blood supply ; pathology

A mAb T2-2 was generated using hybridoma techniques, and its target was identified as a 46 ku-cytokeratin (CK), based on biochemical study and a completely overlapped binding pattern of mAb T2-2 with anti-pan-CKs antibodies. An epithelia-specificity of the mAb T2-2 was determined by screening 68 human normal and 65 tumor tissues using immunohistochemistry. Unlike most of anti-CKs antibodies, the mAb T2-2 recognized a mono-specific epitope only expressed on the 46 ku CK, suggesting that mAb T2-2 is superior to most anti-CKs antibodies that cross-reacted with many different kinds of CKs. In addition, it was found that the mAb T2-2 was multipurpose with a broad applicability to ELISA, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and was also compatible with various fixation reagents. These results strongly indicate that the mAb T2-2 has potential applications for studying CKs function and for diagnosis of tumor and other disorders.

Objective To evaluate prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence(UI)among aged women living at nursing homes in Beijing,and provide references of relative health strategy.Methods Totally 642 women aged 60 years and over were randomly selected at nursing homes from 6 districts in Beijing.A questionnaire survey was conducted using International Consultationon Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Module (ICIQFLUTS) recommended by International Consultation on Incontinence (ICI).Results The prevalence rate of UI was 38.0％ (244/642) among whom 38.5％ (94/244) of participants knew their health conditions,7.8％ (19/244) visited hospital and 6.6％ (16/244) received medical or operational treatment.The proportions of respiratory disease ( 27.0 ％ vs.14.6％),digestive disease (23.4％vs.15.3％),urological disease(24.6％vs.8.5％),cardio-cerebralvascular disease(74.2％ vs.53.5％),neurological disease ( 9.4 ％ vs.5.0％),obstetric disease ( 27.5％ vs.10.1％),menstrual disorder (21.4％vs.14.4％),getting married before aged 21 years (51.5％vs.40.8％),being pregnant more than 4 times(50.2％vs.40.9％),the experience of both cesarean and natural birth (4.0％vs.0.8％),constipation(40.2％ vs.29.4％),fecal incontinence ( 13.1％ vs.4.0％),uneasy movement ( 22.5％vs.10.6％) and drinking (8.6％vs.3.5％) were higher in women with UI than in women without UI (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Eight risk factors that were entered into logistic regression model included getting married before 21 years old (OR =1.5,95 ％ CI:1.0-2.3,P＜0.05),being pregnant more than 4 times(OR=1.7,95％CI:1.1-2.4,P＜0.05),menstrual disorder(OR=1.7,95％CI:1.0-2.7,P＜0.05),respiratory disease(OR=1.6,95 ％CI:1.0-2.6,P＜0.05),urological disease(OR=2.4,95 ％CI:1.4-4.1,P＜ 0.01 ),cardio-cerebralvascular disease ( OR =2.0,95 ％ CI:1.3-3.0,P ＜ 0.01 ),obstetric disease(OR=3.4,95％CI:2.0-5.6,P＜0.01),moving uneasily(OR=2.5,95％CI:1.5-4.0,P＜0.01).Conclusions UI is a common disease among women residing at nursing homes.Specific measures including intervention and clinical treatment targeting risk factors should be conducted.

Neuroglobin(Ngb)is one of the members of oxygen-carrying globin family.It mainly exists in neurons in a monomeric form,which is closely correlated the oxygen supply to brain.Brain hypoxia/ischemia can induce the high expression of Ngb,and as an endogenous neuroprotective factor,it protects ischemic neurons from ischemia/hypoxia injury.This article reviews the distribution,structure and function of Ngb,and its potential protective effects and mechanisms in cerebral ischemia/hypoxia cerebral injury.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream(MPC) and micro needle array drug delivery technologarray(MNADDT) on the blood vessel of arteriovenous fistula.Methods Eighty cases maintenance hemodialysis patients with autogenous arteriovenous fistula were randomly divided into control group(with the treatment of MPC) and study group(with the treatment of MPC plus MNADDT),40 patients in each group.Both groups were studied for the duration of 12 months.The vascular complications of puncture pain sense,puncture failure times,phlebitis,hardening of the arteries,internal fistula stenosis or embolism,pseudoaneurysm,swollen hands comprehensive syndrome of two groups were observed,and the changes of arteriovenous fistula blood flow,blood vessel diameter by Doppler ultrasound were observed in the two groups for 12 months.Results (1)The incidence of puncture pain(2.71±0.11 vs.2.76±0.14,t=2.21,P<0.05),puncture failure times(38 times vs.73 times,χ2=11.425,P<0.05),phlebitis(2 cases vs.8 cases,χ2=4.341,P<0.05) and blood vessel sclerosis(2 cases vs.9 cases,χ2=5.446,P<0.05) of the treatment group were significantly lower than that of the control group during the study(P<0.05).(2)Blood flow of arteriovenous fistulain of control group before and after treatment were (859.7±148.3) ml/min and (946.5±169.2) ml/min respectively,and the difference was significant(t=2.356,P<0.05).While blood flow of arteriovenous fistulain,cephalic vein diameter,head of venous flow velocity of study group before and after treatment were (824.6±171.5) ml/min and (1 218.1±241.9) ml/min,(5.59±0.74) mm and (6.02±0.57) mm,(94.23±27.35) cm/s and (115.85±36.63) cm/s,respectively,and the differences were significant(t=8.212,2.382,2.877,P<0.05),there were no significantly changes in the above indexes in the study group after treatment(t=5.3612,2.152,2.281,P<0.05).Conclusion MPC plus MNADDT can reduce the vascular complications of arteriovenous fistula,improve blood vessel diameter and increase blood flow.