Objective To discussing the methods used in creating non linear developable biomechanical models of skeletal muscle.Methods One of the basic tools of the analytical approach in analytical mechanics, the principle of virtual work for deformable systems, was used to create the model. By means of method of Lagrange multipliers, the problems of constraints, such as the incompressibility of skeletal muscle, were effectively tackled. Results and Conclusion The biomechanical models of skeletal muscle has been developed. The program of this model can be used to obtain nodal displacement coordinates of given nodal coordinates and parameters.

Amniotic Fluid ; cytology ; Cardiomyopathies ; therapy ; Humans ; Stem Cells ; cytology

Protein post-translational modifications are important ways to regulate protein function and cell behavior, and oxidative stress directly influences protein post-translational modifications. P53 protein has various post-translational modifications, which can be quickly regulated under stress conditions to activate a series of downstream target genes and facilitate the p53 function diversity. The effects of oxidative stress on p53 post-translational modifications of phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, acetylation and methylation are introduced in this paper.

Objective To find out a new teaching pattern of Medical Statistics for medical postgraduate students.Methods To manifest the longitudinal thought of the medical research process from the teaching idea,the teaching content arrangement and the teaching method utilization.Results To discuss the superiority of the new pattern which provides the content frame and the teaching method based on the integrating theory and the practice.Conclusion The teaching reformation of Medical Statistics must be advantageous in improving the learner’s power of the medical scientific research,including selection of the scientific research topic,application of project,the quality control of the project,analysis of the material and inference of the conclusion,paper writing,self-appraisement and achievement evaluation.

This paper analyzed the present status of the statistical teaching in medical sciences university and indicated that statistical teaching plays an important role in improving the students' Scientific Research Practice Ability.

Objective To provide technical support and scientific basis for establishing the evaluation index system for rural area in Chongqing city .Methods We formulated first draft of evaluation index system and then used the Delphi method to analyse this draft based on expert evaluation .Evaluation index system were established after second operation .Results “Familiarity ,security , effectiveness ,economy ,simplification ,the number of cases ,equipment and suitability for popularization and application”were finally taken as indexes of evaluation index system .Conclusion Useing Delphi expert consultation method ,we could establish a reasonable evaluation index system of Chongqing city .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza injection (SMI) on peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) induced injuries of peritoneal structure and function in a rat model, and to observe the relationship between the failure of peritoneal dialysis and expressions of aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) in peritoneal tissues. METHODS: Fifty-six SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, 1.5% PDS group, 4.25% PDS group, 1.5%PDS+1% SMI group, 1.5%PDS+2% SMI group, 4.25% PDS+1% SMI group and 4.25% PDS+2% SMI group. Two-hour peritoneal dialysis test was performed in rats in different groups by intraperitoneal injection for 8-week. Then rats were killed on the 8th week, and the bloods and peritoneal tissues were gathered. The rate of ultrafiltration, clearance rates of urea nitrogen, creatinine and glucose of peritoneum and content of total protein in PDS were detected. Peritoneal membrane histology was evaluated by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Expressions of ZO-1 and AQP-1 proteins in peritoneal tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method, and AQP-1 protein expression was also detected by Western blotting technique. RESULTS: Compared with normal control group, using of 1.5% PDS and 4.25% PDS caused the changes of structure and function in peritoneum, such as pathological change of peritoneum, decreasing of the rate of ultrafiltration (P<0.05), clearance rates of creatinine and glucose (P<0.01) and the expression of ZO-1 protein (P<0.05), and increasing of the expression of AQP-1 protein (P<0.05). Compared with the simple PDS groups, the pathological damage of peritoneum was lessened and the rate of ultrafiltration and clearance rates of creatinine and glucose were increased in the 1.5% PDS+2% SMI group and 1.5% PDS+2% SMI group. Expression of AQP-1 protein was decreased by 1.5% PDS+2% SMI as compared with 1.5% PDS (P<0.05).[JP] CONCLUSION: SMI can relieve the injuries of function and structure of peritoneum by down-regulating the expression of AQP-1 protein.

Objective To observe the effect of iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism on the protein expressions of CREB in the entorhinal cortex of pups.Methods Twenty-eight female Wistar clean rats after pregnancy were randomly divided into control group,hypothyroid 1,2 group and iodine deficient group(7 in each group).From GD6 till PN28,iodine-deficient group was administered with iodine-deficient diet [iodine content:(14.11 ?1.96) ng/g] and tap water;hypothyroid 1 and 2 group were administered with 5 mg/L and 15 mg/L PTU in the drinking water and fed with normal diet [iodine content:(470.50?46.52) ng/g].Control group received tap water and normal diet during the experiment.Five pups from each group were sacrificed and intracardiac perfused at PN7,PN14,PN21,PN28 and PN42.Brains were removed,fixed and sectioned coronally.All sections were observed and were analyzed for the protein expression of CREB by immunohistochemistry in the entorhinal cortex.Results At PN7,there was no significant difference in the expression of Ng in all four groups.At PN14 and PN21,the expression of CREB in the entorhinal cortex in hypothyroid 1,2 group and iodine deficient group were significantly lower than those of controls(P

Objective: To assess the validity and reliability of Chinese edition of SADQ. Methods: 105 stroke patients within 2 weeks after onset were assessed with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD) and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI). While patients were completing these assessments, their carers were asked to complete SADQ in respect to the patients. SADQ was also administered to 30 carers on two occasions at a 2-week interval. Results: Test-retest reliability was 0.754, and internal consistency reliability was 0.809. The structure validity was evaluated by factor analysis. Seven factors was got that explain 65.641% of total variance. The SADQ were significantly related to HAMD and BDI(r=0.548 to r=0.488, P

Objective To observe the effect of Huangqi (Radix Astragali seu Hedysari) Injectio on the abnormal expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) caused by glucose lactate peritoneal dialysis solution. Methods Different glucose concentration lactate peritoneal dialysis solutions and Huangqi Injectio given to the rats intraperitoneally. Eight weeks later, the ultrafiltration of peritoneal dialysis, peritoneum clearance, peritoneal structure, AQP-1 and its gene expression were observed. Results Compared with the control group, in the glucose and Huangqi groups, the ultrafiltration of peritoneal dialysis was remarkably decreased (P