This study was conducted to explore a proper training model of interns' clinical thinking ability under the construction of a new four-year system of medical laboratory technology courses, combined with the establishment of innovative standard whole process practice mode. Multi-teaching methods of clinical thinking, such as explanation of laboratory sheet, interactive teaching based on micro digital system, interdisciplinary multiple information system, combined PBL teaching and intern report, were applied and evaluated in the laboratory. Integrated application of these methods remarkably improved the intern's com-prehensive professional quality and their practice performance. All methods received high evaluation from both the interns and teachers.

Lactobacillus casei was selected as an antigen delivery vehicle for the development of oral vaccine to express recombinant LTB and porcine parvovirus (PPV) VP2 protein. The fusion protein gene encoding PPV VP2 protein and LTB, was cloned into the surface expression vector pPG, and then the recombinant expression vector pPG-VP2-LTB was electrotransformed into Lactobacillus casei 393, generating recombinant strain pPG-VP2-LTB/L. casei 393. After induced by 2% Lactose in MRS broth, an about 78 kD protein was detected in the recombinant Lactobacillus casei by SDS-PAGE. The result of Western blot indicated that the protein possessed the antigenic specificity same as the native virus protein. The result of the whole bacteria cell ELISA indicated that the LTB protein was expressed at the same time. The results of indirect immunofluorescence test and immuno-gold electron microscopy showed that the interest protein was expressed on the surface of L. casei 393. The results provide potential for the development of lactic acid bacteria oral vaccine of PPV, which used LTB as mucosal adjuvant.

Objective To evaluate whether the patients with Parkinson′s Disease (PD) having higher occurrence rate of frac-ture .Methods CMB ,CNKI ,PubMed ,Embase ,Web of Science ,Medline ,Embase and Cochrane Library were retrieved ,meanwhile which was assisted by the manual retrieval .The retrieval time was until February 2017 .The cohort studies on the occurrence rate of fracture in PD patients were collected .Then the included studies were analyzed after the data extraction and treatment evaluation . Results A total of 1160 articles were retrieved ,finally 11 cohort studies were included ,involving 988723 subjects .The analysis showed that the fracture occurrence risk in PD patients was significantly higher than that in the control group (RR=2 .09 ,95% CI:1 .91-2 .28) ,in which the occurrence rate of hip fracture was significantly higher than that in the control group (RR=2 .33 ,95%CI:1 .79-3 .02) ,while the occurrence rate of spinal fracture had no statistical difference (RR=1 .33 ,95% CI:0 .78-2 .27) ,and the fracture occurrence risk in male and female patients of PD group was significantly higher than that in the control group (RR=2 .40 , 1 .69 ,95% CI:2 .21-2 .60 ,1 .62-1 .76) .Conclusion The fracture occurrence risk in PD patients is significantly higher than that in the control group ,due to existence of certain geographic bias and publication bias risk ,it is needed more high quality clinical stud-ies to accurately evaluate whether the fracture risk in PD patients being much higher .

OBJECTIVETo investigate effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the Src-suppressed C kinase substrate (SSeCKS) in C6 glioma cells.

METHODSCultured C6 glioma cells were randomly divided into two groups. In time-dependent group, cells were cultured with TNF-alpha (2 ng/mL) for 0 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 or 24 h, respectively; in dose-dependent group, cells were cultured with TNF-alpha (0 ng/mL, 0.02 ng/mL, 0.2 ng/mL, or 2 ng/mL) for 6 h. The expression of SSeCKS was detected by Realtime PCR and Western blot analysis, and immunocytochemistry was used to investigate SSeCKS's subcellular localization.

RESULTSTNF-alpha induced rapid phosphorylations of protein kinase C (PKC) substrates in C6 glioma cells, and upregulated SSeCKS expression in a time and concentration dependent manner. Immunocytochemistry suggested that SSeCKS was localized in the cyroplasm and the leading end of podosomal extensions in control groups, while TNF-alpha induced translocation of SSeCKS perinuclear. This effect could be partly reversed by PKC inhibitor Ro-31-8220.

CONCLUSIONTNF-alpha activates PKC and upregulates SSeCKS expression in C6 glioma cells. These effects are associated with PKC activity, suggesting that SSeCKS plays a role in response to glia activation in PKC mediated pathway.

A Kinase Anchor Proteins ; Animals ; Astrocytes ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Glioma ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Protein Kinase C ; metabolism ; Protein Transport ; physiology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; physiology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; administration & dosage ; physiology

OBJECTIVE: To establish a 15-plex rapid STR multiplex amplification system. METHODS: Fourteen auto-chromosome loci and one sex-chromosome were selected to compare the situations of allelic losses and nonspecific amplication under different conditions. FastStart Taq DNA polymerase and DNA standard sample 9947A were used during amplification and optimization process.15-plex rapid STR amplification system was achieved by performing various experiments including selection of amplification conditions and the volume of DNA polymerase, adjustment of inter-locus balance, optimization of rapid amplification, screening of reaction buffers, selection of reaction volume, and a variety of additives. RESULTS: Using 10 μL rapid PCR system, including 1 ng DNA templates, 0.4 μL polymerase and 10xFastStart high fidelity reaction buffer, a complete and well-balance DNA profile of 15 STR loci for standard genomic DNA was obtained in 32 minutes, without the allele drop-out and non-specific amplicons. Meanwhile, 5% glycerinum, 0.01% gelatin, 0.05% gelatin and 5 mmol/L ammonium sulfate could be used as the reactive additive during the amplification procedure. CONCLUSION The 15-plex rapid STR multiplex amplification system can be used to decrease reaction time and enhance sample throughput.
Alleles ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/genetics* ; DNA Fingerprinting/methods* ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Racial Groups/genetics* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tandem Repeat Sequences

OBJECTIVETo express and purify polyphosphate kinase (PPK) from Proteus mirabilis and prepare the polyclonal antibody against PPK.

METHODSThe antigenicity and hydrophobicity of PPK were analyzed using software. The N-terminal conservative sequence containing 309 amino acids was selected as the target peptide, and its corresponding gene sequence with modification based on prokaryotic cells-preferred codon was synthesized and inserted into plasmid pET28b(+). The constructed recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and induced with IPTG. The expressed fusion protein was purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. The purified protein was injected along with adjuvant in rabbits to prepare the polyclonal antibodies against PPK.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONPPK fusion protein expressed by E. coli was purified successfully using Ni-affinity chromatography. ELISA result demonstrated that the harvested rabbit anti-sera against PPK had a high titer of 1:512 000, and Western blotting showed a good specificity of the antibody, which can be used further study of the role of PPK in the pathogenesis of Proteus mirabilis infection.

OBJECTIVETo survey the prevalence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and Laribacter hongkongensis (LH) and their drug resistance in diarrhea patients in Guangzhou.

METHODSWe detected 646 fecal cases collected between Sep 2008 and Oct 2009 from the out-patient and emergency departments in a hospital. EC enriched culture medium was used for enrichment. MAC- and CMAC-specific culture media were used to isolate ETEC and LH from the specimens. The biochemical agents API20NE and API20E were employed for biochemical identification, and PCR was used for genetic identification. K-B disk diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

RESULTSNo LH was detected in the total 646 patients, and 38 patients were positive for ETEC, with a detection rate of 6%. Antibiotics resistance test showed that 38 strains of ETEC had a high resistance rate to penicillin, tetracycline and sulfa, but remained sensitive to cephalosporins.

CONCLUSIONSLH may have a low prevalence in Guangzhou. The incidence of diarrhea caused by ETEC tends to decrease as compared with that a decade ago, and further multi-center survey is needed for confirmation. Consumption of aquatic products may be one of the major risk factors for ETEC infection. Cephalosporins can be used for ETEC-induced diarrhea.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bacterial Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Cephalosporins ; pharmacology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Neisseriaceae ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Prevalence ; Young Adult

Aged ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; complications ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pituitary Apoplexy ; complications ; etiology ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo investigate the significance of CD11b expression in neutrophils and lymphocytes in children with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

METHODSCD11b expression in neutrophils and lymphocytes was measured using flow cytometry in 36 children with SIRS (SIRS group) and 28 children with infectious disease but without SIRS (control group). The sensitivity and specificity of neutrophil CD11b for diagnosis of SIRS were evaluated.

RESULTSDuring the acute phase, an increased CD11b expression in neutrophils (96.7+/-8.1%) was observed in the SIRS group compared with the control group (85.1+/-5.1%) (p<0.05). Using neutrophil CD11b expression >92.2% as a cut-off value for diagnosis of SIRS, the sensitivity and the specificity were 97.2 % and 92.9% respectively. Lymphocytic CD11b expression in the SIRS group (13.4+/-8.6%) was lower than that in the control group (19.2+/-6.4%) in the acute phase (p<0.05). In the SIRS group, lymphocytic CD11b expression was remarkably suppressed in the severe sepsis subgroup (7.27+/-3.04%), showing significantly decreased expression compared with the non-infectious subgroup (19.3+/-2.9%) and the sepsis subgroup (15.9+/-12.5%) (p<0.01). In the convalescence stage lymphocytic CD11b expression in the SIRS group was similar to that in the control group.

CONCLUSIONSCD11b expression in neutrophils may serve as a reliable indicator for diagnosis of SIRS. The down-regulation of lymphocytic CD11b expression might be a signal of the condition aggravation in children with SIRS.

C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; CD11b Antigen ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphocytes ; chemistry ; Male ; Neutrophils ; chemistry ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; diagnosis ; immunology

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Oligopeptides ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptor, PAR-2 ; agonists ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Trypsin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects