BACKGROUND: Both cyclodextrin high polymer and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) have been widely applied as biomedical materials owing to their characteristics including no toxicity and good biocompatibility and mechanical property and have become important functional materials of biological drug manufacture and medication research.OBJECTIVE: To observe the drug controlled release property of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) loaded onto PVA by the covalent bond and to investigate the possible mechanisms of action. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An observational experiment was performed at the Laboratories of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xiangyang Normal University in 2008. MATERIALS: PVA (Tianda Experimental and Chemical Plant, Tianjin, China), β-CD (Sanpu Chemical Engineering Co.,Ltd., Shanghai, China) and camptothecin (Modern Times Chemical Institute, Xi'an, China) were used in this study. METHODS: Mono-6-O-tosyl-β-CD and mono-6-formyl-β-CD were synthesized separately. Silylatedβ-CD was loaded onto polymer chain of PVA by acetalization to produce PVA containingβ-CD (PVA-β-CD) linear high polymer. The clathration between PVA-β-CD and camptothecin was observed. Drug-release content of PVA-β-CD membranes under different pH values was determined through the use of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Synthesis condition and drug release rate of PVA-β-CD. RESULTS: The best condition for synthesis of PVA-β-CD linear high polymer comprised reaction time 2 hours, temperature 70 ℃, and the mass ratio of mono-6-formyl-β-cyclodextrin to PVA not higher than 4:1. Experimental results regarding drug release revealed that PVA-β-CD promoted water-insoluble drug release owing to its clathration and solubilization. Withβ-CD content increasing, camptothecin release amount and release velocity had no significant change in pH 11 medium but increased greatly in pH 2 medium. CONCLUSION: As for compact PVA membrane, addition ofβ-CD possibly leads to pore formation, thus promoting water molecule infiltration and drug diffusion, beneficial to drug release, and simultaneously, the solubilization of β-CD plays an important role in promoting the release of insoluble drug.

OBJECTIVE:To explore quality control of plasma concentration monitoring for sodium valproate and to improve the quality of pharmaceutical monitoring.METHODS:The statistical and continuous analysis of sodium valproate control data from our hospital of 2008 were conducted using fluorescence polarization immunoassay(FPIA).RESULTS:Mean recovery and RSD were 98.37% and 1.94% for low control samples,99.33% and 2.88% for medium control samples,98.17% and 4.10% for high control samples.The RSD of sample was lower than 5% and in line with the requirement for biological sample determination in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.CONCLUSION:FPIA is a comparatively accurate and stable method for plasma concentration monitoring of sodium valproate.

This paper analyzed the present status of the statistical teaching in medical sciences university and indicated that statistical teaching plays an important role in improving the students' Scientific Research Practice Ability.

Objective To investigate the concentration of blood uric acid and the prevalence of hyperuricemia in staff of a univer-sity so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia.Methods Uric acid(UA)of 4 893 persons were detected by enzymatic method.For male whose UA>428 μmol/L,For female whose UA>357μmol/L were considered as hyperuri-cemia.People enrolled in the study were grouped according to age and analyzed.Results The average UA of males was (357.23± 75.17)μmol/L and was significantly higher than that of females(P <0.05).The average UA concentration and hyperuricemia rati-os in males of 20-<30,30-<40 years old groups were the highest,that of 60 -<70 group was the lowest,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The average UA and hyperuricemia ratios of the male group decreased with age before 70 year old.But The average UA and hyperuricemia ratios of 70-<80 and ≥80 groups were higher than that of the 60-<70 group,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The average UA and of hyperuricemia ratio of the female group increased with age.Conclusion The average UA concentration of males was significantly higher than that of female,in addition to that,hyperuri-cemia patients become younger and younger in male population.

Objective To compare the effects of 2 kinds of frequency of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on urinary incontinence after stroke. Methods 81 patients with post-stroke urinary incontinence were randomized into group A (n=27), group B (n=27) and group C (n=27), who accepted TENS (biphasic square waves with pulse durations of 150 μs) in 20 Hz, 75 Hz and medcine only, respectively, for 90 days. They were assessed with Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores (OABSS), Barthel Index (BI), and voiding diary before and after treatment. Results The OABSS, BI and voiding diary improved significantly after treatment (P<0.05) in groups A and B, and improved more in the group A than in the group B. There was not significant improvement in the group C (P>0.05). Conclusion TENS of 20 Hz is more effective to reduce the incontinence post stroke.

OBJECTIVETo investigate a manipulating therapy for treatment of anterior shoulder dislocation in elderly.

METHODSFrom October 2011 to June 2012,27 elderly patients with anterior shoulder dislocation were treated by extorsion traction and pushing manipulation with fingers, including 7 males and 20 females aged from 65 to 86 years old with an average of 77. The course of disease ranged from 1 h to 1 d. The shoulder manifested square deformity, Dugus signs showed positive, and X-ray displayed anterior shoulder dislocation. Dugus fixation was applied for and removed external fixation at 3 weeks after operation and carried out shoulder functional exercise. Functional evaluation standard on shoulder joint injuries was used for evaluate clinical outcomes.

RESULTSAll patients were gained reduction for the first time, and followed up at 3 months after operation, no dislocation occurred. According to functional evaluation standard on shoulder joint injuries, 22 cases got an excellent result,2 cases good,and 1 case moderate.

CONCLUSIONExtorsion traction and pushing manipulating therapy for treatment of anterior shoulder dislocation in elderly, which has advantages of simple, convenient, less painful, and can avoid iatrogenic injury, is feasible to widespread.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; Shoulder Dislocation ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Shoulder Joint ; physiopathology ; Traction ; Treatment Outcome

This paper analyzes and discusses the research advances of acupuncture in the treatment of childhood cerebral palsy from the perspectives of clinical treatment and its mechanism. Acupuncture has great advantages in the treatment of childhood cerebral palsy,however, there are methodological problems in current researches, clinical researches in particular. High-quality clinical researches should be conducted to improve clinical efficacy fully.

ObjectiveTo screen the colonization of multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) and determine their risk factors in intensive care unit (ICU), so as to provide the basis of prophylaxis and treatment of MDROs colonization.Methods A prospective single-center study was conducted in ICU of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from June 2008 to December 2014. The nostril and anal swabs for each patient who stayed in ICU over 24 hours were collected. Each specimen was cultured and tested for drug sensitivity. Clinical findings and relative risk factors were collected. The risk factors of MDROs colonization were analyzed with univariate analysis. The independent risk factor was selected from the risk factors withP< 0.05 with logistic regression analysis to analyze the related factors of MDROs colonization in ICU.Results 1 672 patients were enrolled. At ICU admission, MDROs colonization was present in 604 cases (36.12%), of whom 62 cases (3.71%) were found to be colonized with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 529 (31.64%) were colonized with extended-spectrumβ-lactamase (ESBL) enterobacteria, 7 (0.42%) were colonized with multidrug resistantAcinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB), and 6 (0.36%) were colonized with multidrug resistantPseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA). ICU acquired MDROs colonization were 197/1 068 (18.45%), among whom 24 patients (1.44%) were colonized with MRSA, 118 (7.06%) were colonized with ESBL enterobacteria, 50 (2.99%) were colonized with MDR-AB, and 5 (0.30%) were colonized with MDR-PA. By multivariable analysis, prior administration of more than two kinds of antibiotics [odds ratio (OR) = 2.352, 95% confidence interval (95%CI)=1.847 - 4.464,P = 0.002], prior use of broad spectrum antibiotics within 3 months (OR = 2.862, 95%CI = 1.458-5.631,P = 0.014), duration of prior antibiotic administration (OR = 1.781, 95%CI = 1.152 - 3.413,P = 0.003) and hospitalization days prior to ICU admission> 9 days (OR = 1.766, 95%CI = 1.235 - 3.986,P = 0.021) were independent risk factors of MDROs colonization on admission to ICU.ConclusionsHigh prevalence of MDROs colonization in ICU patients was found in our hospital, and ESBL enterobacteria was the predominant bacteria. ICU acquired MDROs colonization is also worth considering, especially for MDR-AB. Identification of risk factors for MDROs colonization may help identify and screen patients with high risk, and it is also instructive in prophylaxis of MDROs colonization/infection and restriction of the use of broad spectrum antibiotics.

Objective To explore the significance of case managers using WeChat platform in the treatment process and extended care for patients with laryngeal cancer.Methods From November 2014 to May 2015, 30 patients with partial resection or total resection of laryngeal cancer in the department of head and neck surgery were selected as a research subjects.Case managers provided fully supports,such as establishing WeChat group,replying online consultations,popularizing health education knowledge,providing psychological counselings.Psychological assessment of the patients was conducted by social support scale(SSRS)and anxiety scale(SAS)in the beginning of case management.Results comparison was performed before and after three months intervention.Results The score of subjective support of patients before intervention was (25.13 ±4.81)points,which after intervention was (28.33 ± 4.41)points.The score of support availability before intervention was (7.20 ±1.99)points,which after intervention was (35.27 ±5.90)points.The differences were statistically significant(t =-2.685,-5.280,2.917,all P <0.05).Conclusion The WeChat platform mediated by the case management is effective in the management of the psychological health of patients with laryngeal cancer,which can effectively promote the rehabilitation of patients.

ObjectiveTo examine the mental health status and its changes among children exposed to the Wenchuan earthquake 2 and 3 years after it has passed,and evaluate the possible influencing factors of mental health.MethodsThe General questionnaire,the self-reported Children's revised impact of event scale(CRIES)and the Depression self-rating scale for children ( DSRSC ) were administered to the same children from the earthquake affected areas 2,3 years after the earthquake.ResultsBoth of the CRIES scores and DSRSC scores had decreased over the 2,3 years periods after the earthquake ( z =- 8.772,P =0.00; z=- 2.870,P =0.00 ).The risk factors associated with PTSD 3 years after the earthquake were:gender (OR =1.069,P =0.00 ),the severity of their family's injury( OR =1.141,P =0.02 ),the length of living in transferred safe places( OR =1.416,P =0.03 ),and whether or not witnessed collapse ( OR =1.014,P =0.01 ).The risk factors associated with depression 3 years after the earthquake were:gender( OR =1.367,P =0.00),age( OR =1.035,P =0.04),and despair( OR =2.490,P =0.01 ).ConclusionBoth of the symptoms of PTSD and depression among the children from earthquake affected areas have decreased over the 2,3 years periods after the earthquake.The mental health status of the children from the earthquake affected areas are influenced by their gender,age,the length of living in transferred safe places,the severity of their family's injury,whether or not witnessed collapse and despair.These factors should be taken into considerations when the long-term post-traumatic psychological interventions are planned.