Arthritis, Juvenile ; complications ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Macrophage Activation Syndrome ; complications

The writing of vocational college thesis is the maln way to test whether the students are able to analyze and solve practical problems with the professional knowledge and skills they've learnt, as well as improve the capability of production and practice. This paper analyzes the present situation of the thesis written by higher vocational college students majoring in pharmaceutical sci-ences, and figures out the four kinds of evaluation standards about graduation thesis for students in various pharmaceutical fields with different problems. The four kinds of evaluation standards includes key point analysis on Standard Operation Procedure (SOP), planning strategy for pharmaceutical mar-keting, investigation of rational use of drugs in hospitals and subject research. The author puts forward the solving method for the problem, and formulate the evaluation requirements.

Background and purpose:Pterostilbene is a natural antioxidant, whose role in retinoblastoma remains unclear. The aim of this study is to probe the effects of pterostilbene on the proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy in retinoblastoma WERI-Rb-1 cell lines.Methods:Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were used to analyze the effects of pterostilbene on the proliferation of WERI-Rb-1 cells. Apoptosis rate was determined by Annexin V/PI. Autophagic vacuoles were observed by acridine orange staining. LC3 and P62 protein expressions were determined using Western blot.Results:Pterostilbene significantly inhibited the proliferation of WERI-Rb-1 cells (P<0.01). The cell viability were (93.02±0.47)%, (55.10±2.04)% and (30.33±1.45)% after WERI-Rb-1 cells were treated with 25, 50 and 100 μmol/L pterostilbene for 24 h, and the cell viability were (88.38±3.70)%, (53.37±1.17)%, (29.60±1.05)% after WERI-Rb-1 cells were treated with 50 μmol/L pterostilbene for 12, 24 and 48 h. Pterostilbene induced cell apoptosis (P<0.01), the apoptosis rates of control group, 24 h treated group and 48 h treated group were (4.08±0.79)%, (13.44±2.12)% and (23.49±2.01)%. Pterostilbene induced autophagy of WERI-Rb-1 cells, increased LC3 expression, downregulated P62 expression and increased the number of autophagic vacuoles in WERI-Rb-1 cells (P<0.01). 3-MA and Beclin1 were able to rescue pterostilbene-induced cell death (P<0.01). After 3-MA was used to blunt autophagosome formation, the apoptosis rate markedly decreased in 3-MA+pterostilbene-treated cells compared with cells treated with pterostilbene alone [(12.97±2.09)%vs (8.35±1.11)%], and after siRNA was used to knockdown Beclin1, the apoptosis rate had the same change [(13.80±2.19)%vs (9.62±0.52)%].Conclusion:Pterostilbene can inhibit the proliferation of WERI-Rb-1 cells and induce cell apoptosis via autophagy activation.

We predicted the anti-ulcerative colitis (UC) mechanism of Fructus Amomi based on network pharmacology. The anti-UC activity of Fructus Amomi were investigated by in vivo animal experiment, and the active components of Fructus Amomi were obtained through TCMSP, PubChem database and literature research. Animal welfare and experimental procedures follow the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Institute of Materia Medica of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The potential targets of the active components and UC were predicted by SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards and TTD databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by String database and Cytoscape software was used to construct a visual network of active component-disease target and perform topological analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using Metascape platform. The molecular docking of key components and core targets was carried out by Sybyl X software. We screened out a total of 12 active components and 189 disease-component overlapping targets. Enrichment analyses obtained 227 related GO items and 168 signaling pathways. According to the results of molecular docking, most active components of Fructus Amomi showed good affinity with the JAKs receptor family. Furthermore, Western blot results verified that Fructus Amomi could effectively inhibit JAK/STAT signaling pathway, indicating that Fructus Amomi might exert the anti-UC activity by regulating JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Objective To study the expression and value of CXCR1 and CXCR2 on neutrophils, CD14~+ monocytes and CD3~+ T lymphocytes of peripberol blood of ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients and to investigate the correlation between CXCR1,CXCR2 and disease activity.Methods A case control study was designed and enrolled 30 active AS,30 active rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and 30 healthy controls.The levels of CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression on neutrophils,CD3~+ T cells and CD14~+ monocytes of peripheral blood of the patients and healthy controls enrolled were measured and analyzed by flow cytometry by measuring the mean fluorescence intensity(MFI)channel.The correlations between the level of CXCR1 and CXCR2 anti disease activity or functional index of AS such as BASDAI,BASF1,ESR and CRP were analyzed.Results The MFI of CXCR1 expression on CD3~+ T lymphocytes of peripheral blood was significantly higher in AS patients (41?24)than that in RA patients(18?10)and healthy controls(19?7)(P

Background and purpose:Tetrandrine is a natural compound whose role in retinoblastoma remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of tetrandrine (Tet) on human retinoblastoma cells.Methods:CCK-8 assays were performed to analyze the effects of Tet on viability of retinoblastoma cells. The apoptosis rate was determined by Annexin V/PI assays. After staining with 2′,7′-dichlorolfuorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA), cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by lfow cytometry. Akt and p-Akt were detected by Western blot.Results:Tet inhibited cell viability of retinoblastoma cells. After treatment with Tet (4, 8, 10 and 20μmol/L) for 24h, cell viability inhibition rates of WERI-Rb-I were 5.7%, 25.0%, 55.1% and 84.9%, whereas inhibition rates of Y79 cells were 2.4%,2.9%, 23.8% and 54.2% (P<0.01). In cells treated with 10μmol/L of Tet for 12, 24 and 48 h, cell viability inhibition rates of WERI-Rb-I were 6.0%, 45.5% and 74.7%, whereas inhibition rates of Y79 cells were 2.9%, 19.4% and 43.3% (P<0.01). Tet induced retinoblastoma cell apoptosis. After treatment with Tet (10 μmol/L) for 24 and 48 h, apoptosis rates of WERI-Rb-I were (23.70±1.75)% and (34.83±3.15)%, respectively, whereas apoptosis rates of Y79 cells were (9.62±2.69)% and (14.97±1.50)%, respectively (P<0.01). Apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK attenuated Tet-induced cell death (P<0.05). ROS levels were indeed increased in cells treated with Tet (10 μmol/L) for 6 and 12 h (P<0.01), while N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) decreased Tet-induced ROS (P<0.01). After ROS was inhibited by NAC, apoptosis rate was decreased compared with the control (P<0.01). Further study indicated that Tet inhibited PI3K/Akt pathway in retinoblastoma cells.Conclusion:Tet induces cell apoptosis via increasing ROS synthesis and inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway.

AIM: To observe the inhibitory effect of recombinant human endostatin (rhES) on plaque angio-genesis, and to explore the regulatory mechanism of Dll4 /Notch pathway in the anti-angiogenic effect of rhES.METH-ODS: Male Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: normal control group (N group), atherosclerotic model group (AS group), and rhES treated group (AS +rhES group).The rats in N group were fed a normal diet, while the remaining 2 groups were established to atherosclerotic rat model via high-cholesterol diet, intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D3 and aor-tic balloon injury.The rats in AS +rhES group received intraperitoneal injection of rhES.The blood total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and troponin I (TnI) were measured.The atherosclerotic abdominal aortas were taken for pathological observation.Immu-nohistochemical staining was used to measure the density of neovessels in the plaques, which were marked by CD31.The protein levels of Dll4 and Notch1 in the aortas were analyzed by Western blot.RESULTS: The levels of blood TC, TG, LDL-C, CRP and IL-1 in AS group and AS +rhES group were much higher than those in N group (P <0.05), and no sta-tistical difference between AS group and AS +rhES group was observed.The expression of CD31 in AS group was the high-est among all groups.Compared with AS group, the density of neovessels in the plaques of AS +rhES group decreased sig-nificantly (P <0.05).The protein expression of Dll4 and Notch1 in AS group was lower than that in N group (P <0.05). Compared with AS group, the protein expression of Dll4 and Notch1 increased significantly (P <0.05).CONCLUSION:rhES has the ability to inhibit plaque angiogenesis in rats.The activation of Dll4 /Notch pathway may be the mechanism of rhES in inhibiting plaque angiogenesis.

Objective: To evaluate short-term effect and risk factors for the timing of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) implantation with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in high risk coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Methods: A total of 197 high risk CAD patients received IABP with CABG in our hospital from 2010-01 to 2015-12 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 91 (46.2%) male and the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was (70.3±8.2) mmHg. Based on IABP implantation time, the patients were divided into 2groups: Pre-operative IABP group,n=89 and Intra- , post-operative IABP group,n=108. Peri-operative condition, durations of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay were compared between 2 groups; survival condition was studied by Kaplan-Meier analysis; risk factors causing 30-day mortality was assessed by Logistic regression analysis and its sensitivity and specialty was measured by ROC curve. Results: The mean durations for aortic clamping and cardiopulmonary bypass were (86.7±37.3) min and (147.3±18.4) min in all 197 patients. The age, gender, blood levels of CK-MB c-TnI, creatinine, MAP and European cardiac surgery system scoring were similar between 2 groups, allP>0.05. Compared with Intra- , post-operative IABP group, Pre-operative IABP group had decreased CK-MB (130.6±25.4) mmol/L vs (149.7±18.2) mmol/L at 48h post-operation and mechanical ventilation time (81.5±10.3) h vs (107.9±11.5) h, less in-hospital stay (21.3±4.1) d vs (27.7±9.4) d, reduced acute kidney injury (3.4% vs 23.1%), brain complication (5.6% vs 19.4%) and 30-day mortality (4.5% vs 36.1%), allP<0.05. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the median survival time was longer in Pre-operative IABP group, (27.9±1.2 vs 16.5±2.2) dP<0.05; Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve demonstrated that IABP re-implantation (OR=2.37, 95% CI 1.42-5.72,P=0.01) was an important risk factor for 30-day mortality with the sensitivity of 75.3% and specialty of 67.4%. Conclusion: Pre-operative IABP implantation was helpful for decreasing post-operative level of CK-MB, reducing mechanical ventilation, in-hospital time and short-term mortality in high risk CAD patients; IABP re-implantation was the risk factor for short-term mortality.

Objective To increase the awareness of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and correct diagnosis rate of AIP by investigating radiologic characteristic of AIP and small pancreatic cancers.Methods The clinical data and radiologic imaging of 24 AIP patients who met the Asia diagnostic criteria of AIP in 2008 and 25 cases of pathologically condirmed small pancreatic cancer were retrospectively reviewed.All imaging findings were reviewed,especially on the shape,enhancement patterns of mass,pancreatic ducts,peripancreatic and extra-pancreatic manifestations. Chi-square test and Fisher test were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe imaging signs,including location of masses,distal pancreatic atrophy,enhancing mass during portal phase,truncated duct sign of pancreatic duct,capsule-like rim and renal involvement,was significantly different between AIP and small pancreatic cancer ( x2 =9.010,10.506,15.488,8.688,6.292 and 4.966 respectively,P ＜0.05 ).But only two signs,distal pancreatic atrophy and enhancing mass during arterial and portal phase,were statistically different between local AIP and small pancreatic cancer (P ＜0.05).ConclusionsThe typical imaging features of diffuse AIP is distinct and helpful for the differential diagnosis of AIP from small pancreatic carcinoma,but there is limited value in the differential diagnosis between local AIP and small pancreatic cancer.

Objective To evaluate the influence of long-term nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) on lipids metabolism in HIV/AIDS patients and correlating clinical factors.Methods A total of 118 HIV/AIDS patients were divided into 3 groups:untreated group (40 patients),highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) for 1-2 years group (37 patients) and HAART over 5 years group (41 patients),with 20 healthy individuals as the control group.Clinical lipodystrophy (LD) was defined as concordance between patient's report of change and physical examination.Fat mass (FM) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).Results There was no significant difference in the incidence of LD between HAART for 1-2 years group and HAART over 5 years group (51.2％ vs 40.5％,P =0.345).The prevalence of LD was 2.4 folds with strvudine (d4T) treatment compared with zidovudine (AZT)-containing regimens (61.6％ vs 23.5％,P =0.001).Based on DXA measurements,FM of total body and limbs were significantly lower in the HAART over 5 years group than that in the control group,the untreated group and the HAART for 1-2 years group (P ＜ 0.05).Trunk FM was significantly lower in the HAART over 5 years group than the untreated group and the HAART for 1-2 years group (P ＜ 0.05).FM of total body and trunk were significantly lower in patients without LD in the HAART over 5 years group than patients without LD in the HAART for 1-2 years group (P ＜ 0.05).FM was correlated positively with body weight and BMI.Limbs FM was correlated negatively with peripheral blood triglyceride concentration.Conclusions HIV/AIDS patients with NRTIs therapy have high prevalence of LD,which mainly occurs 1-2 years after therapy,and increases with d4T treatment compared with AZT-containing regimens.There was no significant difference in the incidence of LD between the HAART for 1-2 years group and the HAART over 5 years group.FM was significantly decreased after long-term HAART in the patients with or without LD.DXA can evaluate LD objectively and guide further clinical treatment.