Objective To investigate the levels of transformation growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) role in the pathogenesis of serum of patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE).Methods Recruited 20 patients with CPFE,40 cases with idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (IPF) and 40 cases with emphysema who were admitted to our hospital during July 2011 to February 2012.Serum levels of TGF-β1,VEGF and IGF-Ⅰ were detected by ABC-ELISA.Results Serum levels of TGF-β1 and IGF-Ⅰ were significantly higher in patients with CPFE and IPF than these in patients with emphysema (TGF-β1:(160.73 ± 40.62) ng/L vs.(167.35 ± 42.82) ng/L vs.(128.75 ±35.77) ng/L; IGF-Ⅰ:(179.65 ±60.73) ng/L vs.(192.32 ±58.75) ng/L vs.(148.73 ±49.67) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The IPF group had significantly higher serum level of VEGF than the emphysema group ((506.12 ±82.37) ng/L vs.(437.31 ±62.58) ng/L,P ＜0.01).Serum levels of TGF-β1 and IGF-Ⅰ in CPFE and emphysema groups were positively correlated (r =0.885,0.918 respectively,P ＜ 0.01).Smokers in the CPFE group had significandy lower level of serum VEGF than those who did no smoke ((406.19 ± 66.94) ng/L vs.(482.88 ± 79.91) ng/L,t =-2.287,P =0.035).Conclusion Serum level of VEGF increased significantly in the IPF group,suggesting the participation of VEGF in pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.IGF-Ⅰ involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.TGF-β1 and IGF-Ⅰ have a positive linear regressive relationship,which indicates that they may work synergistically in the process of the fibrosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the high concentration of sevoflurane wash-in in induction of anesthesia on the cardiac function in young infants.Methods ASA Ⅰ young infants,aged 28-60 days,undergoing resection of hemangioma on body surface under general anesthesia,were studied.According to the principle of randomized block design,8 blocks were designed based on the body weight (3.0-3.4 kg,3.5-3.9 g,4.0-4.4 kg,4.5-4.9 kg,5.0-5.4 kg,5.5-5.9 kg,6.0-6.4 kg,6.5-6.9 kg),with 3 infants in each block.The infants were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =8 each):anesthesia induction with 6％,7％ and 8％ sevoflurane groups (groups S1-3).In groups S1-3,the infants inhaled 6 ％,7 ％ and 8 ％ sevoflurane respectively for induction of anesthesia.Transthoracic echocardiographic examinations were performed before sevoflurane inhalation (baseline,T1) and at 4 min of sevoflurane inhalation (T2) to record the stroke volume (SV),left ventricle end-diastolic volume (LVEDV),ejection fraction (EF),stroke volume index (SI),heart rate (HR),cardiac output (CO),cardiac index (CI),peak early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus (Ea),peak late diastolic velocity of mitral annulus (Aa),peak systolic velocity of mitral annulus (Sa),and Tei index.The mitral annulus poteroseptal Ea/Aa (Ea/Aa) was calculated.Results Compared with the baseline value,SV,EF,SI,Ea/Aa and Tei index were significandy increased,HR,Sa,Ea and Aa were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in LVEDV,CO and CI at 4 min of sevoflurane inhalation in groups S1-3 (P ＞ 0.05).Tei index was significantly higher in groups S2.3 than in group S1 (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the parameters of cardiac function between group S2 and group S3 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion 6 ％,7 ％ and 8 ％ sevoflurane wash-in in induction of anesthesia exert no effect on the cardiac function in young infants,and the 3 concentrations can be recommended for clinical use.

Objective To detect the expression of heparanase (HPA) in cervical cancer cells and investigate the impact of quercetin on the expression of HPA,and the molecular mechanism that quercetin inhibits the growth of cervical cancer cells.Methods The experimental groups included cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa and Caski) exposed to different concentrations of quercetin (20,40 and 80 μmol/L) in the culture medium.The control groups included a negative control group,which was cultured with RPMI 1640 only,and a positive control group,in which cervical cancer cells were transfected with HPA small interference RNA (siRNA) to silence HPA expression.The cellular expression levels of HPA were detected with fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis at 24,48 and 72 hours after treatment.Results (1) HPA was significantly expressed in both cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa and Caski),and it exists both nucleus and cytoplasm.(2)The real-time PCR shows as follows:as the quercetin concentration increased (20,40 and 80 μmol/L),the mRNA expression level of HPA decreased (P ＜0.01),in which the inhibition of HPA expression was concentration dependent.In addition,the inhibition of HPA expression was also time dependent.As time growth,the expression level of HPA mRNA (24,48 and 72 hours) in HeLa and Caski cells decreased (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with negative control group,the expression level of HPA mRNA decreased in different concentrations of quercetin (40 and 80 μmol/L) in both HeLa and Caski cells (all P ＜ 0.05) ; Compared with positive control group,the expression level of HPA mRNA expressed no obvious difference in quercetin (80 μmol/L) group (P ＞ 0.05) in HeLa cells,while it was opposite in Caski cells(P ＜0.01).(3)The result of western blot shown that,as the quercetin concentration increased(20,40 and 80 μmol/L)and time growth (24,48 and 72 hours),the expression level of HPA protein decreased (P ＜ 0.01),and the inhibition of HPA protein expression was concentration and time dependent.Compared with negative control group,the expression level of HPA protein decreased in different concentrations of quercetin (40 and 80 μmol/L) in both HeLa and Caski cells (all P ＜ 0.05) ;Conpared with positive control group,the expression level of HPA protein expressed no obvious difference in quercetin (80 μmol/L) group (all P ＞ 0.05) in both HeLa cells and Caski cells (all P＞0.05).Conclusion Quercetin could inhibits the expression of HPA in cervical carcinoma cell lines,which inhibition is concentration and time dependent.

Objective Design and synthesize short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vector of RNA for specific silencing of heparanase (HPA) gene,screened plasmid which silence effects is the best.Observe the function of ceil invasion after inhibiting the expression of HPA in cervical carcinoma cell lines (HeLa).Methods The genomic sequence of HPA gene was retrieved from GenBank database.Designed four pairs of specific oligonucleotide sequences and a negative control according to the shRNA design principles.They were inserted into the vector pYr-1.1,vectors,and transfected into HeLa cells via lipofectamine.Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and immunofluorescence were employed to detect the expression of HPA gene in the transfected cells at the mRNA and protein levels,respectively.The plasmid were screened and transfected into HeLa cells,then transwell small room stromal invasion experiment were employed to observe the cervical carcinoma cell invasion.Results RT-PCR results of transfected HeLa cells shown that the mRNA amplification multiples were 0.54 ±0.05 in the HPA-592 group,0.89 ±0.18 in HPA-995 group,0.82 ±0.22 in the HPA-1351 group,0.91 ±0.47 in HPA-1658 group.While,they were 1.31 ±0.72 and 1.09 ±0.16 in negative control and blank control group,respectively.Green fluorescence was visible in the cytoplasm,which indicated that the HPA protein was expressed in the cytoplasm,of them the weakest green fluorescence in the HPA-592 group.The relative numbers of invasive cells among the HeLa cells were as follows:182 ±6 in the blank control group,258 ± 17 in the negative control group,and 44 ± 4 in the HPA-592-specific interference group(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Successfully screened shRNA vector targeting human HPA,efficiently inhibit expression of HPA gene when transfected into HeLa cells,and significantly reduced the invasion capacity of cervical carcinoma cells.

BACKGROUND: Frustration tolerance, affected by many factors, is a kind of ability that an individual can endure and overcome the adversity. This research would adopt group therapy, especially the experienced therapy. On the basis of helping clients rebuilt cognition, this research would make clients experience frustration by themselves, increase frustration experience and enhance the threshold value of frustration.OBJECTIVE: To observe the enhancing effect of group therapy on frustration tolerance of postgraduates. DESIGN : Self-control observation. SETTING: Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College of Jiangsu University. PARTICIPANTS; This experiment was conducted in Jiangsu University. A total of 1200 fresh postgraduates enrolled in 2005 from business administration, computer science and communication engineering, mechanical engineering, medical technology, automobile and traffic and chemistry and chemical engineering colleges were screened with "frustration tolerant questionnaires" from "perfect personality testing handbook". There were 19 questions in this questionnaire. All of these questions were negative, for example, you did not want to compete with others when you were behind others. There were A, B, C, D, E five scales for every question. The different answers will have different scores. A represented extremely coincidence, B represented slight coincidence, C represented unknown, D represented discrepancy, and E represented very discrepancy. Different answers corresponded to different scores. The total scores were given at last. The higher the scores were, the more severe the anxiety scale was. There were 70 postgraduates whose scores of frustration tolerant were below 50, the scores of the other 1 130 postgraduates were equal to or more than 50. Twenty-three students were sampled randomly, whose scores of frustration tolerance were below 50 as an experimental group. At the same time, 44 ones with scores of frustration tolerance over or equal to 50 were sampled as a control group. There were 67 postgraduates in the two groups.METHODS: Sixty-seven postgraduates were divided into 7 groups with 10 in each group according to gender, scores of frustration tolerant and different colleges. We adopted group therapy. Firstly, we chose language induction based on background music for hypnotherapy, and placed the clients at ease and into therapeutic state. After hypnosis, we developed a game "breaking ice" which would help clients understand each other and make a comfortable atmosphere. Next, we carried on the cognitive rebuilt to change the bad cognition of the students, and help them foster the right thought of frustration. Besides, we had an activity "blind looking for road" and a psychodrama and "beastly boss". During the treat ment of "blind looking for road", the students' eyes were blindfolded, and they walked through the campus to experience the hard life in blind. During the play of "beastly boss", one of them acted a boss, and other one acted an employee, then by turns. The story was that a boss scolded an employee in a rough manner, an employee explained, pled, but the boss went on inveighing. In order to avoid being fired, the employee had to chokes down. In the act, the students would taste the frustrated feeling when rebuked innocently, and thus the students would get experience of frustration and enhance their patience. After every activity, we divided them into small and big groups, then let them talk and share, to give utual study and promotion. In the process, we integrated all the approaches and organized them naturally to heighten the effect of the treatment.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of mean scores of frustration tolerance before and after treatment. ② Comparison of mean scores of frustration tolerance before and after treatment among clients with different frustration toler ances.RESULTS: Sixty-seven questionnaires were handed out, and 57 effective questionnaires were collected in total by the end of treatment, and the other 10 questionnaires were invalid due to incomplete filling. Nineteen of effective questionnaires were from experimental group and 38 from control group. The total retrieved rate of questionnaires was 87.7％. The mean scores of frustration tolerance of involved 57 postgraduates before treatment were significantly higher than those after treatment [(54.4±8.90) points vs. (58.70±10.94) points, t =0.38, P ＜ 0.05). The mean scores of frustration tolerance of postgraduates with mean scores of frustration tolerance ＜ 50 points were significantly higher after treatment than before treatment (t =3.49, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Group therapy, especially psychodrama and other frustration experience therapies can effectively enhance the frustration tolerance of clients.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement for acute cervical radiculopathy. Methods: A total of 85 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into an observation group and a control group by random numbers, with 43 cases in the observation group and 42 cases in the control group. The observation group was treated with Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement;while the control group was treated with Bashen-pulling and stretching manipulation in a supine position. The treatment was performed once a day, 10 times as a treatment course. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after 1 treatment course, and the changes in the scores of visual analog scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were observed. Results: The total effective rate was 97.7% in the observation group, and 83.3% in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05). After treatment, the VAS and NDI scores of both groups were significantly decreased (both P＜0.01), and the differences in the VAS and NDI scores between the two groups were statistically significant (both P＜0.01). Conclusion: Both Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement and Bashen-pulling and stretching manipulation in a supine position can relieve pain and improve cervical function in patients with acute cervical radiculopathy, and Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement can produce more significant efficacy than Bashen-pulling and stretching manipulation in a supine position.

Objective:To silence ERCC2 (excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency,complementatin group 2,ERCC2) expression in esophageal cancer KYSE150 cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA) and observe the altered sensitivity of KYSE150 cells to paclitaxel (PTX) and elucidate the mechanism underlying the reversion of the PTX resistance of KYSE150 cells. Methods:ERCC2-targeted siRNA was synthesized in vitro and transiently transfected into ERCC2 overexpressing KYSE150 cells via Lipofectamine mediation. The mRNA and protein expression levels of ERCC2 were determined by using RT-PCR and FCM method, respectively. The sensitivity of KYSE150 cells to PTX was measured by MTT assay before and after siRNA transfection. Results:RT-PCR results suggested that the specific bands of ERCC2 mRNA were not detected in si-ERCC2 group at 24, 48 and 72 h post transfection. FCM results indicated that the expression levels of ERCC2 protein gradually decreased by 31.2%, 51.6% and 60.0% at 24, 48 and 72 h respectively(P<0.01). The IC_(50) value of PTX for ERCC2-silencing KYSE150 cells was (6.32±0.87) μg/mL, lower than that for control cells (P<0.01). Conclusion:siRNA successfully silenced the expressions of target gene ERCC2 at both the transcription and translation levels. Silencing ERCC2 expression partly reversed the resistance of KYSE150 cells to PTX.

BACKGROUND: With the development of biotechnology, the electrophysiology of repairing heart tissues of myocardial infarction or myocardial hypertrophy by using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell has become a hot spot. OBJECTIVE: To overview the research progress of cardiac electrophysiological characteristics after transplantation of induced differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes. METHODS: The databases of PubMed, Springer Link, Science Direct and CNKI were retrieved for papers published from January 2000 to October 2010 with the key words of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, cardiac/heart, electrophysiology/electrophysiological characteristics. The relevant articles concerning cardiac electrophysiological characteristics of induce differentiation and transplantation of bone marrow stem cells were collected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 208 papers have been searched. Preliminary screening by reading abstracts to exclude 162 papers that study purpose do not coincident with this review either contents duplicated, and internalized 46 papers at last. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after induced differentiation and transplantation could improve heart function of animal experimental model and myocardial infarction or myocardial hypertrophy patients. Although the cardiomyocyte-like cells from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could help to improve heart function, the cardiac electrophysiological characteristics may be influenced by them.

Objective To investigate the effects of ketamine on neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) activity and carboxy-terminal PDZ ligand of nNOS (CAPON) expression in the prefrontal lobe of mentally depressed rats.Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 2.5-3.0 months,weighing 210-260 g,were used in the study.Menial depression was induced by exposing the rats to chronic unpredictable mild stress.Twenty-four animals in which mental depression was successfully induced were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =12 each):mental depression group (group D) and ketamine group (group K).Another 12 rats were chosen and served as control group (group C).Group K received intraperitoneal ketamine 10 mg/kg once a day for 7 consecutive days,while groups C and D received intraperitoneal normal saline 10 ml/kg instead of ketamine.Sucrose preference test and open field test were performed before administration and at 1 day after the end of administration.The total distance,number of rearing and sucrose preference percentage (SPP) were recorded.The rats were sacrificed 1 day after the last test for determination of the expression of nNOS and CAPON protein (using immuno-histochemistry)and mRNA (by RT-PCR) in the prefrontal lobe.Results Compared with group C,the total distance was shortened,the number of rearing and SPP were significantly decreased,the expression of nNOS protein and mRNA was up-regulated and the expression of CAPON protein and mRNA was down-regulated in groups D and K (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group D,the total distance was prolonged,the number of rearing and SPP were significantly increased,the expression of nNOS and mRNA was down-regulated and the expression of CAPON protein and mRNA was up-regulated in group K (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Ketamine can improve the depressive state through promoting the expression of CAPON and inhibiting nNOS activity in the prefrontal lobe of mentally depressed rats.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) combined with laparoscope conservative surgery in treatment of moderate or severe endometriosis.Methods From Jan.2007 to Jan.2010,68 patients with moderate or severe undergoing treatment in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were enrolled in this retrospective study.Three groups were classified,which were 25 patients in GnRH-a group,subcutaneous injection Leuprorelin on the second day of menstruation,every 4 weeks for 3 months.Twenty-three patients in Marvelon group,orally one marvelon tablet on the second day of menstruation,continuous 21 days for one period of treatment for 3 courses.Twenty patients in surgery group,without any medicine used preoperatively.All patients were followed by 12 months and compare their surgery time,blood loss,recovery,visual analog scale (VAS),and recurrence and so on.Results The operating time were (68 ± 18) min in GnRH-a group,(80 ± 21) min in Marvelon group and (90± 24) min in surgery group.The amount of bleeding were (118 ± 15) ml in GnRh-a group,(161 ± 18) ml in Marvelon group and (193 ± 13) ml in surgery group.There was significant lower in the operating time and amount of bleeding in GnRH-a group than those in other two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The activity time and the anus exhaust time were shorter in patients in GnRh-a group than those in the other two groups significantly(P ＜ 0.05).When followed up in 12 months after treatment,visual analogue scale had dropped from 3.8 (1.9-6.8) to 1.9 (1.1-2.8) in GnRh-a group,from 2.7 (1.3-5.5) to 1.8 (1.2-3.2) in Marvelon group and from 1.9(1.0-4.9) to 1.6(1.0-3.6) in surgery group.It was showed the most remarkable decreased VAS in GnRHa group when compared with the other two groups(P ＜ 0.05).The recurrence rates were 12％ (3/25) in GnRH-a group,22％ (5/23) in Marvelon group and 25 ％ (5/25) in surgery group.It was found that the most significant lower recurrence was in GnRH-a group when compared with the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions It was safe and efficacy that GnRH-a combined with laparoscopic conservative surgery were used in treatment of endometriosis.It could bring shorter operation time,less intraoperative blood loss,quick postoperative recover,the lower recurrence rate.