AIM: To investigate clinical efficacy of two drug therapies ( acyclovir with prednisone acetate tablets, ganciclovir with prednisone acetate tablets and aspirin) for acute retinal necrosis syndrome.
METHODS: Thirty patients (40 eyes) with acute retinal necrosis syndrome in our hospital were randomly divided into group A and B. Group A was treated with acyclovir with prednisone acetate tablets, and group B was given ganciclovir with prednisone acetate tablets and aspirin. Clinical effects in the two groups were observed and compared.
RESULTS: After treatment, the overall response rate in group B (90%) was obviously higher than that in group A (70%), both of two regimens were effective, without significant difference (P>0. 05). There was no significant difference on the pre - treatment visual acuity between the two groups (P>0. 05). After different treatments, the visual acuity in group B was ≥0. 5 in 12 eyes, 0. 1≤and<0. 5 in 4 eyes, 0. 02 ≤ and < 0. 1 in 3 eyes, and no photosensitive in 1 eye. The visual acuity in group A was≥0. 5 in 9 eyes, 0. 1≤and<0. 5 in 3 eyes, 0. 02≤and<0. 1 in 6 eyes, and no photosensitive in 2 eyes. The recovery of visual acuity in group B was obviously better than that in A group ( P < 0. 05). The incidence of complications such as retinal tear, herpes, mouth ulcers, chickenpox, viral encephalitis and central nervous system diseases in group B (10%) was significantly lower than that in A group (35%,P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Two drug therapies ( acyclovir with prednisone acetate tablets, ganciclovir with prednisone acetate tablets and aspirin ) both have positive therapeutic effect, but the latter can better restore visual acuity and decrease the complications.

Objective To investigate the different operative style for the intraspinal extramedullary neoplasms in the cervical vertebrae as well as evaluate the clinical effect of titanium net for spinal canal reconstruction and bone autograft after laminectomy. Methods Since March 2002 to September 2008, 26patents (14 men, 12 women) with the intraspinal extramedullary neoplasm in the cervical vertebrae. The average age was 38 years (range, 6-76 yr). According to Frankel classification, there were 26 cases for grade B before operation, 8 cases for grade C, 11 for grade D, and 4 for grade E. All patients underwent hemilaminectomy (as group HL) or total laminectomy combined with spinal canal reconstruction with titanium net (as group TL). Recovery of nerve function and bone fusion were recorded. Preoperative and postoperative cervical curvature index and ranges of neck motion were recorded and compared. Results Among the 3cases with incomplete paraplegia, neurological status ameliorated from Frankel grade B to C; 8 cases of Frankel grade C recovered to grade D; 11 cases of Frankel grade D improved to grade E in 10 cases and 1to grade D. Bone fusion was formed on the titanium net and spinal stability was well after operation. Loss of cervical curvature indices was 2.2±2.3 in group HL and 4.3±2.5 in group of TL, and the difference was of statistically significant (t=2.05,P＜0.05). At the same time, loss of ranges of neck motion was 1.3°±1.2°ingroup of HL and 9.2°±4.1°in group TL, significant difference was also seen (t=1.71 ,P＜ 0.05). Conclusion Hemi-laminectomy approach to intradural lesions lends itself well to eccentric tumors with smaller size. For the cases of total laminectomy, it is necessary and reliable to reconstitute integrity of spinal canal with titanium net and bone autograft.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fistula ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pectoralis Muscles ; transplantation ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hospital admission cases with chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020. Methods Data of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020 were collected through Guangdong Province Health Statistics Network Reporting System，and descriptive analysis was conducted. The seasonal characteristics of the number of hospitalized poisoning cases were analyzed by the concentration method，the seasonal index（SI）was calculated by the weighted annual ratio averaging method，and the spatial auto-correlation of regional poisoning trend was analyzed by the global and local spatial autocorrelation. Results From 2016 to 2020，the number of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province was 54 656，showing a general decreasing trend. The sex ratio（male to female）was 0.90 ∶1.00. The top three types of hospitalization rates were carbon monoxide poisoning，alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The main poisoning groups were students and children， farmers，workers and unemployed people，accounting for 31.74%，18.53%，13.91% and 10.39%，respectively. The 74.37% of poisoning cases were cured or improved and discharged，and the case fatality rate was 0.48%. The top three hospitalization rates in age group of 0-<5 years were organic solvent，metal and carbon monoxide poisoning. The hospitalization rate of carbon monoxide poisoning ranked the first among all age groups of ≥5 years. The top three regions with the highest average annual hospitalization rate were Shaoguan City （25.14/105 ），Qingyuan City （17.04/105 ） and Meizhou City （16.09/105 ）. Carbon monoxide poisoning had a strong seasonality（M=0.77），with high incidence months of January，February and December（SI were 3.60，3.08 and 2.48，respectively）. The inpatients with chemical poisoning showed non-random distribution and spatial correlation（all P<0.01），with a high-high clustering among 13 districts and counties in northern Guangdong（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The number of hospital admission cases of chemical poisoning showed an overall decreasing trend in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020. The main types of poisoning were carbon monoxide poisoning，alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The spatial distribution of chemical poisoning types showed spatial correlation and there were high-high clustering areas.

Autophagy is an active research area in the biomedical field as its role has been identified in many physiological and pathological processes. Accordingly, there is a growing demand to identify, quantify and manipulate the process accurately. Meanwhile, there is great interest in identifying compounds that modulate autophagy because they may have applications in the treatment of a variety of autophagy-related diseases. In this review, we summarize the current status of autophagy screening systems to facilitate identification of autophagy modulators.
Autophagy ; Humans

Objective To study the effect of fusion protein FADDDEL-GFP in the treatment of type 1 diabetes by murine islet cell transplantion.Methods After transfecting the recombinate FADDDEL-GFP into mouse insulinoma cells NIT-1,insulin level secreted by the cells was examined.Type 1 diabetes was induced by STZ as animal model.NIT-fg cells,the NIT-1 cells modified by FADDDEL-GFP,were transplanted into the diabetic mice.Then the effects of islet cell transplantation on diabetic mice were checked.Results GFP was expressed in NIT-1 cells transfected with FADDDEL-GFP.Diabetic mice reached normoglycemia and prolonged the life span,which was obviously different from the control group.Conclusion FADDDEL-GFP may enhance the capability of resisting allogeneic transplantation rejection.

Objective To establish an expression system of TCR?9/?2-Fc protein by baculovirus vector expression system and identify biological function of expressed TCR?9/?2-Fc protein.Methods ?9Fc and ?2(OT3)Fc gene fragments were amplified by overlap PCR and inserted into expression vector pBACp10ph.The recombinant plasmid pBACp10ph-?9/?2(OT3)-Fc and the baculovirus DNA were co-transfected into sf9 cells.The expression position of TCR?9/?2(OT3)-Fc was identified by Western blot and the expression efficiency of ?9Fc and ?2(OT3)Fc was tested by flow cytometry(FCM).Furthermore,the binding activity of TCR?9/?2(OT3)-Fc protein with SKOV3 cells and MNS protein was evaluated with laser scanning confocal microslopy and surface plasmon resonance(SPR).Results The recombinant vector pBACp10ph-?9/?2(OT3)-Fc was constructed and TCR?9/?2(OT3)-Fc protein was expressed in sf9 cells.However,the expression efficiency of ?9Fc and ?2(OT3)Fc was quite different.It was proved that purified TCR?9/?2(OT3)-Fc protein can bind with SKOV3 cell and MNS protein.Conclusion TCR?9/?2-Fc protein is successfully expressed in baculovirus vector expression system and TCR?9/?2-Fc protein can simulate the binding activity of TCR in vitro.

Clinical immunology should display the advanced and applied characteristics of immunology,and show the speciality of clinical practice.This course is a bridge between fundamental immunology and clinical teaching so that the medicos should get better foundation for the future learning.

Objective To investigate the effect of the examination mode which focuses on students' comprehensive skill and capability, and then provide some references for the consummation of the examination evaluation system of the course of pathogenic biology and immunology experiments. Methods Students of five-year class of stomatology of Grade 2009 were selected to sit the innovating examination. The evaluation of the effect was analysed by the way of a questionnaire. Results Many students set higher values on the innovating course arrangement and examination mode which improved their capacity of experimental design, operational technique, writing of laboratory reports, innovative ability and so on. Conclusion The innovating course arrangement and examination mode are superior compared to the old one and can improve students comprehensive ability.

BACKGROUND:Preliminary studies of our research group have confirmed that the proliferation of preosteoclasts and the differentiation and function of osteoclasts could be inhibited when they were cultured in lower oxygen tension even hypoxia (2%O 2 ), but the gene expression of osteoclasts cultured in vitro have not been reported.
OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of oxygen tension on specific gene expression of osteoclasts in vitro and explore the mechanism of osteoclast differentiation influenced by oxygen tension.
METHODS:The preosteoclasts were induced with 10μg/L macrophage colony stimulating facto and 10μg/L soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand into mature osteoclasts. Then the osteoclasts were cultured in normoxia, tissue oxygen and hypoxia (20%, 7%, 2%O 2 ) respectively. cells were then stained for tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase to assess osteoclastic formation. cells were col ected at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 days after culture respectively. The soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6, tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase, and cathepsin K mRNA expression levels were determined using real-time quantitative PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of osteoclasts positive for tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase in the hypoxia was significantly lower than that in the tissue oxygen and normoxia (P<0.05). Under different oxygen tension, the mRNA expression levels of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand in osteoclasts maintained unchanged. The mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 reached the peak at 5 days after culture in tissue oxygen and normoxia (P<0.05). The mRNA expression time of tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase and Cathepsin K were delayed accompanied by decreased oxygen tension, but the maximum were maintained in tissue oxygen. Compared with normoxia and hypoxia, osteoclasts cultured in tissue oxygen are more prone to differentiate and maintain the activity and functions.