OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effectiveness of blind intubation through the Cookgas intubating laryngeal airway(CILA) or Fastrach intubating laryngeal mask airway(FT-LMA) for anticipated difficult tracheal intubation.

METHODSEighty-six patients with anticipated difficult tracheal intubation who were undergoing elective plastic surgery under general anesthesia were randomly allocated into CILA group(n=43) and FT-LMA group(n=43) . After general anesthesia being induced and CILA or FT-LMA being inserted, the patients were treated with blind intubation through CILA or FT-LMA. In each case, the number and the time of intubating laryngeal airway(ILA) insertion and blind intubation attempts and ILA removal were recorded. The view of glottis under fiberoptic bronchoscope(FOB) via CILA or FT-LMA was recorded. In addition, noninvasive blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before and after intravenous anesthetic induction, at ILA insertion, at intubation, at ILA removal and every minute thereafter for 5 minutes.

RESULTSCILA or FT-LMA was inserted successfully in all 86 patients. The rate of the first successful insertion was not significantly different between two groups(P>0.05) . In CILA group, the first intubation attempt succeeded in 35 patients;5 and 2 cases were intubated blindly at the second and the third attempt, one patient failed who was intubated successfully by FOB via CILA. In FT-LMA group, 32 patients were intubated successfully at the first attempt, 4 at the second attempt, 3 at the third attempt, and 4 cases failed, three of them were intubated smoothly with FOB through FT-LMA, one failed patient was intubated by FOB. The time of FT-LMA insertion(34.2∓13.9) s was significantly longer when compared with CILA(22.4∓18.9) s (P<0.05) . However, the time of blind intubation through CILA and FT-LMA [(46.0∓26.7) s vs.(51.8∓41.1) s]and the time of ILA removal[(39.3∓11.9) s vs.(35.3∓10.4) s] were not significantly different between groups(P>0.05) . Hemodynamic changes during blind intubation in the two groups showed no significant differences(P>0.05) .

CONCLUSIONSBlind intubation via CILA or FT-LMA is safe and effective for anticipated difficult tracheal intubation. Nevertheless, CILA is easier to be inserted, with relatively higher success rate of blind intubation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Bronchoscopy ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; instrumentation ; Laryngeal Masks ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the prevalence and incidence of Keshan disease (KD) and the selenium concentration of food and hair in residents of Yongjin Village, Fuyu County, Heilongjiang Province, national monitoring site, in 2007. Methods According to the Standard of Keshan Disease Surveillance and the Standard of Diagnosis of Keshan Disease(GB 17021-1997), the residents living in the monitoring site were surveyed by clinical examination and electrocardiography. For individuals whose hearts showed abnormalities, a chest X-ray photograph was taken. The selenium concentrations of the residents' food (flour) and hair were assayed by flowing injection hydride generation atomic fluoremetric method(FI-HG-AFM). Results Nineteen KD patients were found from 282 residents in 2007 KD surveillance. The prevalence of KD, latent KD and chronic KD were 6.7%(19/282), 2.8%(8/282) and 3.9%(11/282), respectively. Five of the 8 latent KD cases were newly found. In addition, there were 5 the suspected KD cases, including 2 suspected chronic KD cases. No acute KD or sub-acute KD patients were found in Yongjin Village at this monitoring site this year. The average selenium concentration of children hair and residents food were (0.3197±0.0586)mg/kg and (0.0210±0.0062)mg/kg, respectively. Conclusions New cases of KD continued to emerge, indicating that etiological factors still exist. Therefore, the emphasis of monitoring KD in furore is founding the consummate report of infectious disease system and training the personnel to increase the reliability of monitoring.

Objective To design an ultra-fast thermal cycle fluorescent quantitative PCR system for on-site detection of pathogenic nucleic acids and evaluate its performances.Methods An ultra-fast thermal cycle fluorescent quantitative PCR system was developed with the components of a flat reaction cup,an ultra-fast thermal cycle module,a fluorescence detection module with fixed optical path and a data processing module based on the smartphone platform.The ultra-fast thermal cycle module was composed of a heating unit and a cooling unit,of which the heating unit was made of ceramic sheet and Ag/Pb alloy and the cooling unit consisted of a high-speed magnetic levitation cooling fan and a double-curved throat;the fluorescence detection module with fixed optical path was prepared with injection molding process,and made up of a light source excitation unit and a light detector unit;the data processing module based on the smartphone platform included a Bluetooth serial port adapter unit and a smartphone App,which used C2540F256 chip from TI company for developing the Bluetooth serial port adapter and Android Studio for the App.The ultra-fast thermal cycle fluorescent quantitative PCR system was used to detect influenza A/B virus and SARS-CoV-2 to verify its performances.Results The ultra-fast thermal cycle fluorescent quantitative PCR system realized rapid nucleic acid detection of influenza A/B virus and SARS-CoV-2,and the detection results were in high agreement with those by conventional real-time quantitative PCR.Conclusion The ultra-fast thermal cycle fluorescence quantitative PCR system gains advantages in small size and light weight,and can be used for rapid on-site detection of pathogen nucleic acids.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(11):15-20]

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of the Shikani Optical Stylet (SOS)-guided intubation through a new Intubating Laryngeal Airway (ILA) in anticipated difficult airways caused by scar contracture of the face and neck.
Methods Thirty-three adult patients with anticipated difficult airways undergoing selective faciocervical scar plastic surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. After anesthesia induction, a size 2.5, 3.5 or 4.5 ILA was inserted. Following good lung ventilation being verified, the SOS preloaded with an endotracheal tube was inserted via the ILA. Once the clear vocal cords came into view under the SOS, the endotracheal tube was advanced through glottis into the trachea.
Results The ILA provided an effective airway in all patients. Intubation was successful at the first attempt on 22/33 (66.7%) occasions and at the second attempt on 6/33 (18.2%). Intubation failed in 5 (15.1%) patients who suffered from severe limitation of head extension due to scar contracture of the neck. These patients’ tracheas were finally intubated using a fibreoptic bronchoscope via the ILA.
Conclusions The SOS-guided intubating method via the ILA is a feasible technique in patients with scar contracture of the face and neck. However, in patients with severe limitation of head extension, the use of SOS cannot be recommended. The SOS can be used as an alternative apparatus when the fibreoptic bronchoscope is not available.

The surface plasmon resonance(SPR)biosensor technology is a novel optical analysis method for studying intermolecular interactions.Owing to in-depth research on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in recent years,comprehensive and specific identification of components and target interactions has become key yet difficult tasks.SPR has gradually been used to analyze the active components of TCM owing to its high sensitivity,strong exclusivity,large flux,and real-time monitoring capabilities.This review sought to briefly introduce the active components of TCM and the principle of SPR,and provide historical and new insights into the application of SPR in the analysis of the active components of TCM.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Pingyu capsule on such important regulatory factors as cAMP, PKA and PKC of the signal transduction in rats with chronic stress-induced depression.

METHODWistar male rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, paroxetine group, and Pingyu capsule low, middle and high doses groups; rats in all groups but the control group were fed in single cage for 21 days and were given such irritations as lightening stroke on pelma, ice water swimming, pyretic fumigation and tail clipping during this period; lobe cortex and hippocampus of all rats were taken out for detection of the cAMP content by means of radioactive immunization, PKA and PKC content by Elisa, and the PKA and PKC activity by radioactive isotope.

RESULTContent of cAMP in lobe cortex and hippocampus, content and activity of PKA in hippocampus, and content of PKC in lobe cortex of rats in the model group were lower than those in the normal group. Pingyu capsule and paroxetine can increase them.

CONCLUSIONThe anti-depression effect of Pingyu capsule maybe related to its function of adjusting the signal transduction of cAMP-PKA.

Animals ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Depression ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Male ; Protein Kinase C ; metabolism ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility of the fibreoptic intubating laryngeal mask airway (LMA) CTrach (CTrach) in anticipated difficult airway caused by face and neck scar contracture.

METHODSTotally 33 patients undergoing selective face and neck scar plastic surgery and requiring general anesthesia were enrolled in our study. After anesthesia induction, the CTrach was inserted and the viewer was attached, which allowed fibreoptic visualization of the larynx before and during passage of the tracheal tube through the vocal cords. The duration and the success rates of CTrach insertion, tracheal intubation, and CTrach removal were recorded. The view of glottis on viewer and the adjusting maneuvers for improving the laryngeal view were recorded. Noninvasive blood pressures and heart rates were recorded before and after anesthesia induction and at CTrach insertion, tracheal intubation, and CTrach removal.

RESULTSThe CTrach was successfully inserted in all patients, among whom 4 patients succeeded at the second attempt. The full view of glottis were shown in 10 patients, while partial view and no view of glottis were shown in 8 and 15 patients, respectively. The good view of glottis was achieved by adjusting manoeuvres. Tracheal intubation via the CTrach was successful in 27 patients at the first attempt and in 6 patients at the second attempt. Hemodynamic changes during the performance with the CTrach were minimal.

CONCLUSIONSThe CTrach can be easily inserted, with clear view and high success rate of tracheal intubation. Therefore, it is an effective way to resolve difficulty intubation caused by face and neck scar contracture.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cicatrix ; complications ; surgery ; Contracture ; etiology ; surgery ; Face ; Female ; Fiber Optic Technology ; methods ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Laryngeal Masks ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Young Adult

AIMTo investigate the effect and mechanism of ascorbic acid on podocyte, last barrier of glomerular filtration, in diabetic rats.

METHODSDiabetic rats induced by streptozotocin injection intraperitoneally were treated by ascorbic acid for 5 weeks. The levels of blood glucose (BG), HbA1c, urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) and superoxide diamutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in renal cortex were measured. The podocyte ultrastructure was observed while the expression of desmin protein, a marker of podocyte injury, was examined.

RESULTSCompared with control group, BG and HbA1c were increased markedly in diabetic group. The activities of SOD and CAT were decreased and the concentrations of MDA were increased significantly in diabetic renal cortex. There were the increased proteinic expression of desmin, foot process effacement in podocytes and UAER markedly in diabetic rats. Compared with diabetic rats, foot process effacement and the changes of UAER were ameliorated markedly while the activities of SOD were increased, the levels of MDA and proteinic expression of desmin were decreased markedly although BG, HbA1c and the activities of CAT were no significant difference in the diabetic rats by ascorbic acid treatment.

CONCLUSIONThe findings suggest that there are marked injury in podocyte, last barrier of glomerular filtration, in diabetic rats and administration of ascorbic acid can protect podocyte by increasing antioxidative capacity and ameliorating the renal oxidative stress.

Animals ; Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacology ; Catalase ; metabolism ; Desmin ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Podocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective To understand the changing trends of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 1998 to 2008.Methods A stratified-cluster random sampling based cross-sectional NCDs survey was carried out in 2008,and using the data of NCDs from the health service surveys in 1998 and 2004,in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.The prevalence rate of NCDs was standardization according to age proportion of the population being surveyed in 1998.Results In 1998,2004 and 2008,the prevalence rates of NCDs in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were 17.26%,25.61%,24.85% while the Standardized rates of NCDs were 17.26%,23.54% and 20.49% respectively.The prevalence rates of NCDs were statistically significant different in 35-,45-,55- and over 65 age groups in 1998,2004 and 2008 which showed an consecutive upward trend.The prevalence rates of hypertension,diabetes,cerebrovascular disease,coronary heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease increased significantly from 1998 to 2008.The prevalence rate of hypertensive disease among 25- age group,diabetes among 35- age group,cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease among 45- age groups showed an increasing trend.Conclusion Cardiovascular and cerebrovaseular diseases,together with diabetes were the fastest increasing ones over the past 10 years and becoming the major diseases,making the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps an aging population.NCDs should be prioritized in the health development plan.Targeted health education should be carried out in the whole population,together with other interventions as well as management programs on chronic diseases to reduce the prevalence of NCDs.

Objective To explore the potential risk factors to Ymman endemic sudden cardiac death (YESCD) and provide evidence for prevention. Methods Twenty-two cases and 24 controls were randomly selected from YESCD areas and non-YESCD areas, respectively. Both cases and controls were interviewed with unified questionnaires. Univatiate X2 test and multivariate conditional logistic stepwise regression was conducted with SPSS 13.0. The optimal regression model was established and evaluated. Results The univariate X2 teat revealed that presence or absence of 5 potential factors might possibly be associated to YESCD: appropriate places for storing dining utensils, pens for livestock, consumption of mushrooms, exposure to any pesticides, and sudden climate changes before onset(X2=12.206,4.779,5.741,6.120,10.754, P<0.05). Multivariate conditional logistic stepwise regression demonstrated that consumption of mushrooms was a protective factor(OR=0.115, P<0.05) and sudden climate change was a risk factor(OR=36.592, P<0.01). Conclusions Sudden climate change might be a risk factor contributing to YESCD, and eating mushrooms before the prevalence seasons may provide some protection.