?AlM: To observe the changes of corneal topography and astigmatism et al with various duration of closing eyes and sleep;and study the impact of closing eye and sleep causing physiological hypoxia on corneal topography.
? METHODS: Sixteen volunteers were selected ( 32 eyes), 22-33 (26. 19 ± 3. 95) years old, without refractive errors and other eye diseases, as well as never wearing corneal contact lens, including 10 male eyes and 22 female eyes. The main parameters received corneal simulation K value, corneal astigmatism, corneal irregular measure ( ClM ) and the shape factor ( SF ) by Zeiss corneal topographer. They were measured before and after closed eyes 10, 20, 30, 60, 120min; before sleep and after over 6h sleep, they were detected immediately as soon as they opened eyes after 10, 20, 60, 120min.
? RESULTS: During closing eyes, there were no statistical significance on the changes of corneal topography, corneal astigmatism, and SF. After opening eyes and over 6h sleep, there were no statistical significance on the changes of corneal topography, corneal astigmatism, ClM, and SF.
?CONCLUSlON:Closing eyes and sleep don’t injure the cornea substantially, so corneal topography and corneal astigmatism don’t mainly change.

Twenty-six total intravenous anesthesia was performed in 23 ASAⅡorⅢpatients with various advanced malignancies undergoing whole body hyperthermia (WBH). Their age ranged from 32 to 67 yrs and body weight between 42 and 77 kg. The patients had no hypertension, coronary artery disease or diabetes mellitus. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 5-10 mg, fentanyl 0.1 mg, propofol 1.5-2.5 mg?kg-1 and vecuronium 0.12 mg?kg-1 and maintained withⅣinfusion of midazolam (0.08-0.16 mg?kg-1?h-1), remifentanil (0.05-0.15?g?kg-1?h-1) and vecuronium (0.08-0.15 mg?kg-1?h-1). The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT = 8-12 ml?kg-1, RR= 10-18 bpm, FiO2 = 1.0) after tracheal intubation. PETCO2 was maintained at 35 mm Hg. ECG, MAP, HR, CVP, SpO2 , PETCO2 , peak airway pressure, VT, RR, minute ventilation (MV), urine output, core temperature (lower esophageal and naso-pharyngeal) and surface temperature were continuously monitored. Swan-Ganz catheter was placed in 15 patients. MPAP, PCWP and cardiac output (CO) were measured and Qs/Qt, cardiac index (CI) and stroke index (SI) were calculated. WBH was induced in an ultra-red radiation hyperthermic cabin (type ET-SpaceTM-1) and was divided into 3 phases:Ⅰwarming phase (lower esophageal temperature increased gradually to 41.8℃) ;Ⅱhyperthermic phase (lower esophageal temperature was maintained at 41.8℃for 1 h) andⅢcooling phase (core temperature was gradually decreased to 38.5℃without any cooling measures). Blood samples were taken from artery and Swan-Ganz catheter 15 min after induction of anesthesia (baseline), at 39℃, 40℃, 41℃and 41.8℃during warming phase, at the late hyperthermic phase and at 40℃and 38.5℃during cooling phase for blood gas analysis, determination of blood electrolytes and sugar. As the temperature was increasing, HR, CI, SI, CVP, MPAP, PCWP, Qs/Qt and peak airway pressure were gradually increased while MAP, PaO2 , pHa, BE and blood glucose and K+ were decreasing during warming phase (Ⅰ). These changes reached the peak levels at the late period of hyperthermic phase (Ⅱ) and then gradually returned to baseline during cooling phase (Ⅲ) . Vasoactive drugs and fluid infusion including crystalloid and colloid were needed to maintain hemodynamic stability in 69% patients. Acidosis had to be corrected in 54% patients. Severe hypotension and pulmonary edema occurred in 4 patients. Continuous hemodynamic monitoring, respiratory support, maintenance of circulatory stability and correction of acidosis and hypokalemia were the key factors in the management of patients during WBH.

Objective To discuss the value of hypotonic-MRCP combined with LAVA dynamic contrast-enhanced scan in diagnosis of duodenal tumor.Methods Five patients with duodenal adenocarcinomas confirmed by pathology were involved in this study.All cases underwent plain MRI and hypotonic-MRCP and LAVA dynamic contrast-enhanced scans.Results 4 of 5 cases were correctly diagnosed with MR imaging.Imaging signs included:the cavum of descending duodenum appeared as asymmetrical stenosis,masses with soft tissue signal intensity connecting the intestinal wall with wide base,the intestinal wall stiff,the intestinal mucosa destruction.The lesions would be slightly-moderately enhanced at LAVA dynamic enhancement scanning.Conclusion Hypotonic-MRCP combined with LAVA dynamic contrast-enhanced scan can display the direct and indirect sign of duodenal tumors,which was effective in identifying the circumscription of the tumor and its extension.

Cultured human testicular tissues were grouped as follows:control group,group tracted with single dosc of human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG), group treated with double doses of hCG given at three-day-interval and group treated with multiple doses of hCG. The dose of hCG was 20kIU/L,and it was added into the medium and incubated for 24 hours. Testosterone was measured by RIA. The result indicated that all three hCG-treated groups had a testosterone secretion peak at 48-72 hours after the first dose of hCG. After the second hCG treatment given in three days interval the testosterone increased again. but its maximal rise reduced. Multiple doses of hCG given successively inhibited the response of Leydig cells to hCG stimulation.

A bacterial cell surface display technique based on an ice nucleation protein has been employed for the development of live vaccine against viral infection.Due to its ubiquitous ability to invade host cells,Salmonella typhimurium might be a good candidate for displaying viral antigens.We demonstrated the surface display of domain III of Japanese encephalitis virus E protein and the enhanced green fluorescent protein on S.typhimurium BRD509 using the ice nucleation protein.The effects of the motif in the ice nucleation protein on the effective display of integral protein were also investigated.The results showed that display motifs in the protein can target integral foreign protein on the surface of S.typhimurium BRD509.Moreover,recombinant strains with surface displayed viral proteins retained their invasiveness,suggesting that the recombinant S.typhimurium can be used as live vaccine vector for eliciting complete immunogenicity.The data may yield better understanding of the mechanism by which ice nucleation protein displays foreign proteins in the Salmonella strain.

Objective To analyze the reason of hemoptysis after the bidirectional Glenn shunt procedure on complex congenital heart disease.Methods The feature of imaging data of 24 patients (1 6 males,8 females;age ranges:3-27 years;14 cases of single ventricle,3 cases of tricuspid Atresia,4 cases of pulmonary Atresia,3 cases of double Outlet Right Ventricle)after the bi-directional Glenn shunt procedure were retrospectively studied.Results Six patients had various degrees of hemoptysis (50 - 300 mL)after surgery,except for one case which has bronchiectasis on the left inferior lobe.The common feature of the other 5 cases present as plaque ground glass opacity and pulmonary arteriovenous fistula located at the corresponding subpleural field.After different therapy (three cases were performed endovascular management,2 cases were under expectant treatment),the lesion disappeared or obviously smaller which was clear evidence for the existence and bleeding of fistula.The occurrence of this disease in the present study was nearly 20.8%,which were accord with references.Conclusion Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula should be considered when crypto-genic hemoptysis happened after bi-directional Glenn shunt with complex congenital heart disease which exclude tuberculosis,bron-chiectasis or rupture and bleeding of MAPCAs.Multiple sliced CT angiography can be used to as the first line examination and sup-ply acute evidence for clinic therapy in time.

Objective To investigate the association of multi-modality neuroimaging features and cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods Nine individuals with amnestic MCI (aMCI), fifteen patients with mild probable AD, and eleven age-controlled cognitively normal controls (NC) were recruited.All participants were administered with mini-mental status examination (MMSE) and Cognitive assessment screening instrument (CASI) to assess general cognitive function.Optimized voxel-based morphometry ( VBM ) was used for the analysis with 3-D high resolution anatomical images.Values of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean apparent diffusivity coefficient (ADC) were measured from different brain regions on diffusion-tensor images ( DTI) .The relationship between structural atrophy and DTI-based measurements in the selected brain regions was examined.Results The scores of MMSE and CASI were correlated with the volumetric changes in such areas as temporal, frontal and parietal lobes, and cingulate gyrus and hippocampal gyrus (P <0.001).The scores of MMSE and CASI were positively correlated with FA values, and negatively with ADC values in the white-matter-affected regions including temporal, frontal, parietal lobes, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampal gyrus (P < 0.05).Conclusions Cognitive decline was associated with atrophy and white matter microstructural alterations in temporal, frontal, parietal lobes, cingulate gyrus, and parahippocampal gyrus in MCI and AD. Multi-modality imaging technique may be important in elucidating the brain mechanism of cognitive impairment.

Since Peking University People's Hospital Research and Development Funds were founded as "Seed Funds" in 2006, its management concept has been developing. During the development, the policy-oriented service replaced the policy-based single service. The three-dimensional service system was formed. As the result, the scientific research outputs increased annually with good development condition.

An immunopotentiating compound has been isolated from the metabolites of Bacillus mycoides under the bioassay-guided isolation and identification for its immunopotentiating effect and chemical structure. The isolation and purification of the compound were consisted of macroporous adsorptive resins, silicagel chromatographic column and Sephadex G-200 chromatographic column. The immunopotentiating effect was assayed in every step isolation. At last, the only substance having the strongest immunopotentiating effect had been isolated and purified. Through the procedure consisiting of Ultra-Violet spectroscopy (UV), IR (Infrared Radiation), Time of Flight Mass Spectrum (TOF-MS), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Element analysis, the possible structure of compound M had been identified as cyclic (Pro-Gly) dipeptide (C7H10O2N2) (Diketopiperazine). To be determined the immunopotentiating effect, the mice were treated by intraperitoneal injection of cyclic (Pro-Gly) dipeptide in the treatment group and physiologic saline in the control group. At the 14th day after the injection, the SOD activity and the phagocytosis activities reached the peak value and were significantly higher than those in control group. At the 21st day, the bactericidal activity reached peak value and was significantly higher than that in the control group. From the above results, we concluded that the main active component enhancing the immunity of mice was cyclic (Pro-Gly) dipeptide in the metabolism of Bacillus mycoides.

Objective To investigate the expression of osteopontin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9),and the relationship of osteopontin and MMP9 in malignant melanoma.Methods Expression of osteopontin and MMP9 was measured by immunohistochemical SP method in 23 patients with primary cuta- neous malignant melanoma,17 patients with metastatic melanoma and 20 patients with pigmented nevus. Results Osteopontin and MMP9 were expressed respectively in 87.5% and 75.0% of 40 malignant melanoma specimens,15.0% and 10.0% of 20 pigmented nevus specimens.The expression of both osteo- pontin and MMP9 was significantly higher (both P＜0.05) in malignant melanoma than in pigmented ne- vus.There was no correlation between the expression of osteopontin and MMP9,with age,sex,lymph node metastasis or location of lesions (P＞0.05).Twenty-nine cases were positive for both osteopontin and MMP9,4 negative for either osteopontin or MMP9.Conclusion Both osteopontin and MMP9 were over- expressed in malignant melanoma,but neither was related to lymph node metastasis.