Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Heat Stress Disorders ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Animals ; Cognition ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; methods

Animals ; Genetic Therapy ; Vestibular Diseases ; therapy

LC-Q-TOF-MS and LC-IT-MS in positive and negative ion mode were applied to simultaneously characterize the constituents in Suanzaoren tang. Analysis was performed on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18, Rapid Resolution HT column(4.6 mmx 50 mm, 1. 8 micro m) with gradient elution of acetonitrile(A) -aqueous solution containing 0. 05% formic acid(B) at a flow rate of 0. 6 mL min(-1) and the column temperature was 30 degreesC. By comparing MS fragmentation, accurate molecular weight, literature date and standard compounds information, a total of48 compounds were successfully identified or speculated. The origins of these compounds were assigned to the corresponding Chinese medicine. Thirty-one compounds were reported in Suanzaoren tang for the first time. LC-Q-TOF-MS combined with LC-IT-MS is a simple and rapid tool for the identification of constituents of Suanzaoren tang, and the results could provide evidence for the research on quality combined and effective constituents of Suanzaoren tang.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and etiology in infants undergoing colonoscopy in order to improve the understandings of lower gastrointestinal tract diseases and their endoscopic manifestations.Methods The clinical and endoscopic data of the infants aged ≤ 3 years old who underwent conoloscopy at the Department of Gastroenterology,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,from July 2010 to December 2014,were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 223 children were included,148 male and 75 female.The age range was from 26 d to 3 years old(＜6 months:41 cases;6-12 months:68 cases;1-3 years old:114 cases).Results A total of 235 colonoscopies were performed under deep sedation by single or double manipulators.Cecal intubation was successful in 192 colonoscopies and terminal ileal intubation was completed in 29 colonoscopies,with a high success rate of 94.0％ (221/235 colonoscopies).The main symptoms included hematochezia (124 cases,55.6％),persistent/chronic diarrhea (55 cases,24.7％),hematochezia with chronic diarrhea(22 cases,9.5％),and others(22 cases,9.5％).Of the 223 patients,clear diagnosis were established for 215 children (96.4％),with food protein-induced proctocolitis (FPIPC) (78/223 cases,35.0％),colonic polyps (50/223 cases,22.4％),colitis (29/223 cases,13.0％),antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) (19/223 cases,8.5％),FPIPC with AAD (10/223 cases,4.5％).Conclusions Colonoscopy serves as a very important tool for the accurate diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal diseases with hematochezia and/or chronic diarrhea.FPIPC and colonic polyps are the most common causes for hematochezia and/or chronic diarrhea.AAD may be another important cause of chronic diarrhea and bloody stool in infants.Moreover,ghe application of colonoscopy in combination with histopathology can also play an important role in the diagnosis of some rare diseases,such as intestinal tuberculosis,primary intestinal lymphangiectasia,Behcet's disease and primary immunodeficiency disease.

Anal Canal/surgery* ; Anorectal Malformations ; Constriction ; Fecal Incontinence ; Humans ; Rectal Prolapse

AIMTo probe the related proteins to stress-induced myocardium injury.

METHODSAfter establishment of a myocardium injury model induced by restraint stress in rats, myocardium proteins of restraint stress-treated and untreated rats were extracted, and the two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) maps of the extracted proteins were established by using the immobilized pH gradient (IPG) and SDS-PAGE two-dimensional electrophoresis respectively. The alterative protein spots were analyzed by Image Master 3.01 software and identified with assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and database searching.

RESULTSProteomics analysis showed that there were 10 proteins were significantly influenced by restraint stress in rat myocardium. After stress, proteins, including cardiac myosin heavy chain, dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, similar to dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase, mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, H (+)-transporting ATP synthase, albumin, myosin heavy chain and apolipoprotein A-I precursor showed increased expression. Mitochondrial aconitase and uncoupling protein UCP-3 showed decreased expression.

CONCLUSIONThese differential expressive proteins might be involved in stress-induced injury to myocardium.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Proteomics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Restraint, Physical ; Stress, Physiological

AIMTo observe the injured effect of homocysteine (HCY) on cardiomyocytes and investigate its signal transduction mechanism as well as the key regulatory link.

METHODSCardiomyocytes were isolated from neonatal Wistar rats. After incubation with HCY, the survival rate of cardiomyocytes was determined by trypan blue stained assay, while the apoptosis rate was measured by TUNEL and FCM. Western blot and EMSA were used to tested ERK2 protein phosphorylation and NF-kappaB active expression in cardiomyocytes, respectively.

RESULTSThe survival rate of cardiomyocytes treated with HCY was reduced significantly in dose- and time- dependent manner. It was found that 10(-3) mol/L HCY could increase the apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes to the peak (7.65%) at 4 h stress. Several HCY levels revealed the strong inhibitory effect on ERK2 protein phosphorylation, especially, 10(-3) mol/L HCY decreased the level of active ERK2 expression to 3.04% of control at 4 h (P < 0.01). NF-kappaB activation was also inhibited significantly by several HCY level for different time in cardiomyocytes.

CONCLUSIONHCY plays an important role in injury of cardiomyocytes and apoptosis is a form of HCY-induced injury to cardiomyocytes. HCY can block ERK2 protein phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation, which contribute to the injury of cardiomyocytes.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Homocysteine ; pharmacology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction

Objective To analyze the change in isolation rates of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) before and after adopting plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle method for management of MDROs. Methods Bacterial culture specimen submission and isolation of MDROs in a tertiary first-class hospital before the implementation of PDCA cycle (January 2013-December 2014) and after implementation of PDCA cycle (January 2015-December 2016) were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 14 889 specimens were sent for detection before the implementation of PDCA cycle, 6 345 strains were isolated, 650 of which were MDROs, isolation rate of MDROs was 10. 24％; after the implementation of PDCA cycle, 17 856 specimens were sent for detection, 7 568 strains were isolated, 476 were MDROs, isolation rate of MDROs was 6.29％; difference in MDRO detection rate before and after the implementation of PDCA was statistically significant (X2=72.567, P＜0.001). After Cochran-Armitage trend test, the isolation rates of MDROs in 2013-2016 showed a decreased trend (Z= - 7.8856). The amount and cost of hand hygiene products have increased. Conclusion By carrying out PDCA cycle for MDROs management, the isolation rate of MDROs in hospital is reduced. PDCA cycle management method can effectively promote the continuous quality improvement of hospital MDROs management.

Objective To compare the clinical effect of three kinds of gastric canal inserted method on patients with endotracheal intubation.Methods Two hundred and sixty-one cases of patients with endotracheal intubation were divided into group A(conventional group),B(inserting gastrotuhe by a guide-wire in it),C (pulling the tracheal under calm state),with each group of eighty-seven cases.The intubation successful rate,the time of gastric canal insertion,HR and SpO2 before and after inttthation,and the choking and blcoding occurrence during intubation were observed and compared.Results The intubation successful rate showed significantly higher in the group B(83.91%)than in the group A(70.11%,P＜0.05),and significantly higher in the group C(98.85%)than in the groups A and B(all P ＜ 0.01).In the time of gastrotuhe insertion,significantly quicker in the group B(43.25±5.56s)than in the group A(55.30±6.20)s(P ＜0.01),and significantly quicker in the group C(27.75±4.16)s than in the groups A and B(all P ＜ 0.01);In the total time of whole operation,significantly quicker in the group C(103.16±5.36)s than in the groups A and B(111.45±5.85 s、115.35± 5.25 s,all P ＜0.01),and significantly slower in the group B than in the group A(P ＜0.01).Before and after gastrotube insertion,there was no significant difference on HR in groups B and C(all P＞0.05),in the group A HR was obviously increased(P ＜0.05);while SpO2 there was no significant difference in group C,and the remarkably decreased in groups A and B(P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05).During the gastrotube insertion,The choking and blcoding occurrence in the group C(2.30%、O)was significantly lower than in the groups A(13.79%、9.20%)and B(8.05%,5.75%)(P＜0.01,P ＜ 0.05),and there was no significant difference in groups B and A(all P ＞0.05).Conclusions It shows higher accurate and less side effect for the endotracbeal intubation patients undergoing gastrotuhe insertion by pulling the tracheal under calm state.