Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Biology

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of double balloon endoscopy (DBE) in the elderly. Methods Clinical manifestations and endoscopic findings of 42 elderly patients (aged 60-80 years) and 73 young and middle-aged patients (aged 12-59 years) with small bowel lesions were obtained and compared. Factors influencing the diagnostic outcome of DBE in patients with small bowel bleeding were identified,and the optimal check time after the latest bleeding was determined.Results The procedures of 85.7％ (36/42) in the elderly and 79.5％(58/73) in young and middle aged were completed (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the procedure time between the two age groups.No severe complications were observed in the elderly group.The overall positive rate by double balloon enteroscopy examination were 71.4 ％ (30/42) and 63.0 ％ (46/73),respectively in the two groups (P＞ 0.05). Ulcer and tumor lesions were the most common findings,and diverticula and angiodysplasia were the second common findings. Longer duration of bleeding and higher number of bleeding episodes were found in the elderly with positive DBE findings than those with negative findings. Positive diagnostic rate was significantly higher when DBE was performed within 7 days than that after 7 days (90％ vs. 40％). Conclusions DBE is a safe,reliable diagnostic modality,especially in the elderly patients with small bowel bleeding in which ulcer and tumor lesions are the most common identifications.DBE is of greater benefit in patients with more bleeding episodes over a long period,and should be performed within 7 days after the last bleeding.

Glomerular hypertrophy is the main pathological characteristic in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and its regulatory mechanism is closely related to mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway activity. mTOR includes mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2(mTORC2), in which, the upstream pathway of mTORC1 is phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/serine-threonine kinase(Akt)/adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase(AMPK), and the representative signaling molecules in the downstream pathway of mTORC1 are 4E-binding proteins(4EBP) and phosphoprotein 70 S6Kinase(p70S6K). Some Chinese herbal extracts could improve cell proliferation via intervening the expressions of the key molecules in the upstream or downstream of PIK/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in vivo. As for glomerular mesangial cells(MC) and podocyte, mTOR plays an important role in regulating glomerular inherent cells, including adjusting cell cycle, energy metabolism and matrix protein synthesis. Rapamycin, the inhibitor of mTOR, could suppress glomerular inherent cell hypertrophy, cell proliferation, glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening and mesangial matrix deposition in model rats with DN. Some Chinese herbal extracts could alleviate glomerular lesions by intervening mTOR signaling pathway activity in renal tissue of DN animal models or in renal inherent cells in vivo and in vitro.
Animals ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; enzymology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peroxidase ; blood

Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of nutrition package on the nutritional status and prevalence of children in rural areas of Hainan Province, and provide scientific basis and suggestions for further improving the nutritional and health status of children in this region. Methods　Four cities and counties were randomly selected as the intervention group, and four cities and counties matched with the intervention group in terms of population, economy, social culture, maternal and child health work foundation of township health centers, physical nutrition and health status were selected as the control group.With the combination of monitoring and prospective cohort study, infants in the intervention group and the control group were studied from June 1, 2020, and they were intervened for 12 months with supplementary food nutrition package. Before and after intervention, the nutrition and health status of infants aged 6-24 months in the intervention group and the control group were investigated to evaluate the nutritional and health effects of supplementary food nutrition package for infants aged 6-24 months in rural Hainan Province. Results　A total of 999 infants were investigated, including 427 in the intervention group and 572 in the control group. After 12 months of nutritional intervention, there was no significant difference in weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) and height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) and weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of emaciation of the intervention group was 1.64%, which was significantly lower than 3.67% of the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the rate of growth retardation (2.81% and 3.32%, respectively) and underweight (0.47% and 1.92%, respectively) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of respiratory infection and diarrhea in the intervention group were 9.13% and 1.17%, which were significantly lower than corresponding 23.25% and 3.15% in the control group (P<0.05). The hemoglobin of the intervention group and the control group were 117.24 g/L and 114.51 g/L respectively, and the rates of anemia were 11.11% and 22.84% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions　The intervention of nutrition package in rural areas of Hainan Province has achieved the expected results, and supplementary food nutrition package has reduced the incidence of malnutrition and respiratory infection and diarrhea in recent two weeks in infants and anemia to a certain extent. We should attach great importance to the supplementary nutrition package for right-age children and promote the growth and health of children in rural areas through supplementary nutrition package, and continuously improve the nutrition and health level of children in Hainan Province.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship between changes and clinical significance of serum glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and the degree of liver lesions in chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

METHODSExaminations of serum ALT, AST, GGT levels and liver biopsy were carried out and classification and staging of liver fibrosis and inflammation were performed for 70 patients with CHB. The relationship between ALT, AST, GGT and CHB was analyzed.

RESULTS(1) ALT, AST and GGT increased with the degree of inflammation and fibrosis, but their levels declined with the degree of G4 and S4. The correlation coefficients of ALT and GGT, AST and GGT were (0.322 and 0.328, P less than 0.05). With liver-protective treatment, in the cases with mild CHB, ALT was normalized quickly but GGT remained at a lower level. While ALT declined, GGT was still at a relatively high level for moderate and severe CHB cases, among them the level of GGT fluctuated.

CONCLUSIONSerum GGT reflects the degree of liver inflammation more accurately than ALT and AST do and GGT activity can provide important evidence for clinical assessment of chronic hepatitis B.

Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; Humans ; Male ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; blood

Accidents, Occupational ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans

Objective To investigate the association between cumulative exposure blood to pressure (cum BP) and new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods In this prospective cohort study,101 510 employees of Kailuan Group receiving annual health examination during 2006 to 2007 were observed.The participants received the second,third,and fourth annual health examinations during 2008 to 2009,2010 to 2011,and 2012 to 2013 year respectively.Their urinary and serum creatinine were tested,and participants with incomplete SBP,DBP data and CKD were excluded.Further excluding those who somehow failed to take annual health examination,with incomplete data,or new-onset CKD 27 809 participants were selected in the analysis.According to cum BP exposure quintile grouping:Q1 ＜ 3.70 scores;Q2:3.70-6.16 scores;Q3:6.17-8.45 scores;Q4:8.46-10.95scores;Q5 ≥ 10.96 scores.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between cum BP level and new-onset CKD by cum BP exposure quintile grouping.Results The rise of cum BP exposure level caused the increased incidence of CKD.The incidences of CKD in the five quintile groups were 2.59％,3.11％,4.19％,5.81％,and 7.73％ respectively (P＜ 0.01).Compared with Q1 group,multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after the adjustment of age,gender,education,income,smoking,drinking,BMI,FBG,TC,TG,LDL,HDL,UA and CRP,the incidences of CKD gradually increased in the Q2,Q3,Q4,and Q5 cum BP quintile groups,and OR(95％CI) values were 1.08(0.86-1.35),1.26(1.01-1.58),1.57(1.27-1.95),1.78(1.43-2.21) respectively (P for trend ＜0.01).Similar results were obtained in different genders.For each single point increase of cum BP exposure level,the incidence of CKD increased 6％ in the general population (P for trend ＜ 0.01),increased 8％ in male (P for trend ＜ 0.01),and 3％ in female (P for trend=0.12).Conclusion As the cumulative exposure to blood pressure increases,the risk of CKD incidence rises,especially in men.

OBJECTIVEIn this study we investigated the functional restoration of nonsense mutations in the SCN5A gene.

METHODSThe readthrough-enhancing reagents were introduced to HEK293 cells to suppress one nonsense mutation W822X in the SCN5A gene. Patch-clamp was used to record the whole-cell current and dynamics. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to certify the expression and the location of the sodium channel.

RESULTSIn transfected HEK293 cells, the nonsense mutation in SCN5A inhibited the expression level of full-length protein, and the sodium currents from the mutant channels were less than 3% of the wild-type level. Readthrough enhancement by decreasing translation termination efficiency with a siRNA targeting eukaryotic release factor eRF3a (a GTPase that binds eRF1), the sodium current from the mutant cDNAs was restored to as much as 30% of the wild-type. After the treatment by the readthrough-enhancing reagents, the channels from cDNA carrying W822X remained the features of wild-type phenotype, and Western blot and immunochemical staining also showed the expression of full-length channel proteins.

CONCLUSIONReadthrough-enhancing reagents could effectively suppress nonsense mutations in SCN5A and partially restore the function of sodium channel and the expression of full-length channels.

Codon, Nonsense ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Plasmids ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Sodium Channels ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo explore the predictive value of high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) in middle-aged population during the peripheral arteriosclerosis.

METHODSRandom sampling method was used in the study. In 2006-2007 Kailuan Group health examination of 101,510 employees, using stratified random sampling method to select 5,852 as observational cohort included, in the final with a standard queue 5,440 in December 2009. This study selected to participate in the 2012-2013 health examination cohort as the research object, in accordance with the inclusion criteria ultimately selected survey 3,978, select the epidemiological investigation, physical examination, laboratory testing data analysis. Of the 3 978 subjects, 2,282 were male and 1,696 were female, and the baseline age was (53.80±11.14) years. According to the baseline hsCRP quartile level was divided into four groups for comparison of baseline data, using multiple linear regression analysis between hsCRP and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the prediction of hsCRP levels in peripheral arteriosclerosis.

RESULTSWith increase of hsCRP levels, the survey of baseline levels of baPWV showed increasing trend, (1,445.49±300.55), (1,494.46±307.94), (1,547.67±320.34), (1,621.32±342.53) cm/s, respectively. Multiple linear regression results showed that age, by logarithmic transformation of hsCRP (lghsCRP) level, systolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose for each additional unit, baPWV levels were increased 266.47, 58.00, 5.02, 39.79 cm/s (P<0.001), and BMI for each additional unit, baPWV level decreased 9.52 cm/s (P=0.030). The prediction of hsCRP in peripheral artery showed that lghsCRP level of AUC to 0.59 (95% CI: 0.57-0.61), lower than the age and systolic blood pressure predicted value AUC (95% CI) of 0.69 (0.67-0.71), 0.75 (0.73-0.77), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe hsCRP level could not predict the peripheral arteriosclerosis alone, and the combined age and systolic blood pressure level could have better predictive value.

Ankle ; Ankle Brachial Index ; Biomarkers ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Blood Pressure ; C-Reactive Protein ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Arterial Disease ; Pulsatile Flow