A safe and effective anesthesia technique is necessary in ensuring a successful surgical operation in rabbit experiments.A variety of anesthesiamethod have been reported, yet, no one matured and widely accepted anesthesiamethod is available so far.This article aims to provide an information basis for further research on general anesthesia in rabbits by reviewing the literature on single and combined anesthesia techniques in rabbits reported in the last decade.

To investigate the relationship between Snail and renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) at tissue and cellular levels and to observe the changes of miRNA profile after transfecting Snail gene into human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2),to further elucidate the importance of miRNA in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis.Methods The expression of Snail and EMT-related proteins vimentin,SMA,E-cadherin was detected by immunohistochemistry in renal tissues of 40 patients with IgA nephropathy.The expression of Snail,E-cadherin and SMA in normal control group,empty transfection group and Snail gene transfection group was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR.Furthermore,differentially expressed miRNAs were screened by gene chip.Results By immunohistochemistry,Snail expression was positively correlated with vimentin and SMA,negatively correlated with E-cadherin in IgA nephropathy.The higher degree of the TIF,the stronger the expression of Snail.Compared with the control group,the expression of Snail,vimentin and SMA in the snail transfected group increased.However,E-cadherin decreased at gene and protein level by the RT-PCR and Western blot (P ＜ 0.05).The difference was statistically significant.Five distinctly different miRNAs were screened by gene chip after Snail gene was transfected into HK-2 cells,and then 5 026 potential target genes were predicted.Conclusion Snail expression is closely related with renal tubular epithelial mesenchymal transition and tubulointerstitial fibrosis,and it may be used as a new target in EMT prevention.Differentially expressed miRNAs may be involved in the development of EMT and TIF.

Bronchoarterial and left gastric arterial drug infusion therapy were carried out in 27 cases of inoperable,advanced esophageal cancer;with DMVC method on squa- mous carcinoma and FAM method on adenocarcinoma.Near future good results were ob- tained by raising the survival rate and life quality.The authors put emphysis on the discus- sion of the indications and theoratic points of interventional therapy.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the writing quality prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines and to facilitate the standardization of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions.METHODS:A total of 15 000 prescriptions were sampled in our hospital in 2006 for an analysis of the problems in accordance with the related standards specified in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(CP,2005 edition)and the new "Prescription management method".RESULTS:The problems manifested as nonstandard in drug name and footnotes,or overdosage and so on.CONCLUSION:We should strengthen the management of the traditional Chinese drugs and improve our pharmaceutical care.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of blocking the JAK/STAT signal pathway on the activity of Caspase-3 in the synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis rats.MethodsFifty rat models of collageninduced arthritis,which had arthritis index more than 2 were divided into the model group,the low dosage of AG490 group,the medium dosage of AG490 group and high dosage of AG490 group.Inaddition,6 rats were treated as normal control group.Normal saline,AG490 1,5,10 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 were given by intraperitoneal injection.Then the volume claws and pathologic scores of the rat models were recorded and the activity of Caspase-3 in the synovial tissue were compared.The results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD-t or Tamhane's T2 test.ResultsThe arthritis of the CIA models progressed fast,the volume of the claws and the pathological score of them were significantly higher than those of the control group.At the same time,no Caspase-3 positive express could be detected in the control group,whilethe model group had slightly increased expression.After different dosages of AG490 were applied,the swollen of joints was significantly improved compared with the model group.The histopathological score of the medium AG490 dosage of group and high dosage group(2.7±0.8,1.8+0.9) were remarkably decreased than those of the model group(4.3+1.2),the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).In addition,the Caspase-3 expression in the low,medium and high AG490 dosage group ( 1.90±0.15,3.13±0.33,3.56+0.34) was significantly higher than that of the model group(1.48±0.18)(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ).ConclusionBlocking JAK/STAT signal pathway can increase the activity of Caspase-3,reduce the excessive proliferation of synovial tissue,and improve arthritis symptoms.

Objective To evaluate the value of amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene in the identification of clinical rare pathogenic bacteria,and guide the diagnosis and treatment for related clinical infection.Methods 12 bacterial isolates that were difficult,or unable to be identified with conventional laboratory methods,or with special phenotypes were collected. The 16S rRNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),then sequenced for identifying bacterial species through BLAST comparison,clinical characteristics of related infection were ana-lyzed.Results 12 clinical isolates were all positive for PCR amplification (about 1500 bp),species were all identi-fied (similarity≥99% ),the identified strains were Listeriamonocytogenes(n= 2),Brucellamelitensis(n= 2),Fu-sobacteriummortiferum(n= 1),Rothiaaeria(n= 1),Nocardiafarcinica(n= 1),Staphylococcussaccharolyticus (n= 1 ),Rhizobiumradiobacter(n= 1 ),Prevotellabivia(n= 1 ),Ralstoniamannitolilytica(n= 1 ),and Atopobium vaginae(n= 1 ). The sensitivity of 16S rRNA gene amplification was high,and the minimum detection limit of Escherichiacoli ATCC 25922 was 1.5×101 CFU/mL. Clinical data of 12 patients revealed that these strains can cause multi-sites and multi-types of infection,after patients received targeted antimicrobial therapy,11 improved, and 1 died.Conclusion Sequencing for 16S rRNA gene can rapidly and accurately identify rare,anaerobic,and difficult cultured bacteria,provide laboratory evidence for etiological diagnosis and treatment of different types of infection.

Objective To compare the performance of HP-083/4 and rational used instrument on detecting six items.Methods The rational instruments were used as contrast instrument,HP-083/4 was the verified instrument.A total of 100 blood specimens and 100 urine specimens were collected,and the levels of antistreptolysin O(ASO),hypersensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP),D-di-mer(D-D),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),rheumatoid factor(RF)and urine microalbumin(mAlb)were detected.The regression equation and correlation coefficient(r)of the two methods were calculated,and the Kappa values(κ)were analyzed to evaluate the performance of HP-083/4.Results There was a good linear correlation (r >0.950)for the two methods in detecting the serum ASO,hsCRP,D-D,HbA1c,RF and mAlb,r were 0.991,0.995,0.970,0.957,0.980 and 0.967 respectively.Besides,they had good concordance(κ>0.6),theκ values were 0.830,0.957,0.601,0.720,0.920 and 0.694 respectively.Conclusion HP-083/4 is effec-tive in detecting ASO,hsCRP,D-D,HbA1c,RF and mAlb,which should be suitable for clinical application.

The aim of the research is to study the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylabocter jejuni isolated from poultry in Jiangsu Province.A total of 753 samples from poultry meat and cloacal swabs were investigated,after the pure culture and the polymerase chain reaction of the mapA gene,207 isolates were examined for antimicrobial resistance by using K-B method according to World Health Organization.Results showed that all isolates performed different degree of antimicrobial resistance except meropenem,gentamycin,kanamycin,florfenicol and fosfomycin,the resistance rates of 194 strains to trimethoprim,norfloxacin,ceftriaxone and tetracycline were 100％,84.02％,80.9％ and 79.4％ respectively,1 strain isolated from Xuzhou was resistant to 92.6 ％ antibiotics.The multi-drug resistance appeared and the advantage of drug-resistant spectrum was LIN/CTX/CRO/NOR/CIP/T/TE,the resistant type focused on 40％-60％.The research provided evidence for surveillance of the antimicrobial resistance of C.jejuni and highlighted the need to employ more prudent use of critically important antimicrobial.

Objective To explore the effects of acupoint application of midnight-noon ebb-flow with hour-prescription of points on dysfunction for sufferers with senile osteoporosis(SOP).Methods In this study,76 patients with SOP in clinic in this hospital were recruited and randomly divided into the experimental group(n=38) and the control group(n=38) in accordance with random number table.Both were on the basic treatment of Caltrate D.The experimental group performed acupoint application of midnight-noon ebb flow with hour-prescription of points,while the control one performed common acupoint application.Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) was used to evaluate the dysfunction before,after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of intervention.SF-36 was adopted to evaluate the patients' quality of life before and after 8 week's intervention.Results The ODI scores of the experimental group after 4 weeks and 8 weeks were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.01).Repeated ANOVA indicated that the scores of ODI in group effect,time effect and interaction effect were of statistical significance(P＜0.01).Further comparison showed that the scores of ODI in three different time sections suggested that the latter time point were lower than those of the former time point(P＜0.01).The scores of eight dimensions of SF-36 after the intervention of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The acupoint application of midnight noon ebb flow-with hour-prescription of points can effectively improve the dysfunction whose curative effect enhanced with time increasing and improve the quality of life.

Objective To investigate the effects of S-allylcysteine ( SAC ) , on nitric oxide ( NO ) production and antioxidant enzyme activities in hyperlipidemic rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups. Five groups including normal control group ( normal diet) , model control group ( high-fat diet, HFD) and SAC low,medium,high treated group (high-fat diet +25,50,100 mg·kg-1 SAC) were sacrificed after 4 weeks dosing,while the other two groups including L-arginine group (normal diet+ 20 mg·kg-1 L-arginine) and SAC+L-arginine group (50 mg·kg-1 SAC+20 mg·kg-1 L-arginine) were sacrificed at 4 h after dosing. The serum, livers and kidneys were collected. The levels of NO, the activities of nitric oxide synthase ( NOS ) , antioxidant enzymes in vivo and L-arginine contents in serum were determined. Results Comparing with model control group, the activities of total NOS in serum and liver were significantly reduced in SAC-treated groups (P<0. 05). The level of L-arginine in SAC-treated groups was (8. 25 ± 1. 15), (7. 76 ± 1. 24) and (7. 22 ± 1. 64)μg·mL-1 , respectively. Compared with model control group, the level of L-arginine were significantly reduced in SAC-treated groups (P<0. 05). Comparing with L-arginine group, the activities of total NOS (T-NOS) and iNOS were reduced in SAC+L-arginine group. SAC treatment (100 mg·kg-1) significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0. 01) and the level of glutathione (GSH) (P<0.01), and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and liver of hyperlipidemic rats. Conclusion These data suggest that SAC inhibits the NO production by reducing iNOS activity, arginine concentration and exhibited antioxidant activity, which may play a pharmacologically important role in protection from oxidative injury and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.