Young talents are the reserve forces of hospital's discipline construction.The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University has made remarkable achievements in the young talent construction by taking some innovative measures.These measures included actively exploring evaluation methods for new staff during probation period,strengthening their scientific,English and clinical skills,selecting excellent young talents and encouraging them to further their study abroad,setting up position of scientific research assistant and cultivating backbone professionals.The hospital has gradually formed a complete step and strategy for implementing talent construction and disciplinary development.

Objective To study the fecel-oral and blood transfusion of TT virus. Methods Paired feces and serum samples from 6 patients with type B and/or C hepatitis were tested for TTV DNA and its titers by PCR with seminested primers.Genotypes were determined after their sequences were compared with the original N22 and TA278 clone.Results TTV DNA was detected in sera from all patients,while it was detected in feces from 3 patients,including 2 with high viral titers in serum.The detection of fecal TTV DNA was dependent on the viral titers in serum.TTV isolates in 3 pairs of feces and serum had identical sequence of 222 base pairs.Their genotypes were 1a,1b and 2,respectively.Conclusion The excretion of TTV into feces indicates that TTV would be transmitted not only parenterally but also nonparenterally by a fecal-oral route.

Pharmacokinetic analysis has attracted more and more attentions in the research field of bioactive natural product. However, there is limited study on the pharmacokinetics of polysaccharides. This paper focused on the research progresses of pharmacokinetics of polysaccharide, summarized the applications of chromatography, isotope labeling method, spectrophotometry, fluorospectrophotometry and biological assay in the analysis of polysaccharide pharmacokinetics, elucidated the behaviors of absorption, distribution, degradation and excretion of polysaccharide in experimental animals, and revealed the effects of physicochemical characteristic, administration dose and route on the pharmacokinetic properties of polysaccharide, which could be served as a reference for the related works.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Injections ; Intestinal Absorption ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Molecular Weight ; Polysaccharides ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Tissue Distribution

Objective:To analyze the factors related to metastasis of contralateral central lymph node (CLN) in cN0 papillary thyroid car-cinoma (PTC) and discuss the indications for CLN dissection. Methods:We enrolled 149 unilateral PTC patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and prophylactic bilateral (CLN) dissection. This work analyzed the relationship of gender, age, extrathyroidal extension, multifocality, thyroiditis, ipsilateral central lymph nodes, and prelaryngeal lymph node with CLNs. Results:The rates of metastasis to ip-silateral and contralateral central compartments were 73.2%and 23.5%, respectively. In univariate analysis, gender, age, tumor size, multifocality, and thyroiditis were not important in predicting contralateral central compartment lymph node metastasis (P=0.792, 0.097, 0.531, 0.269, and 1.000, respectively);by contrast, extrathyroidal extension (P=0.017), prelaryngeal lymph nodes (P=0.006), and ipsilateral CLNs (P<0.001) are related to CLN metastasis. However, multivariate analysis showed that ipsilateral central metastasis was an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis in the contralateral central region when the number of ipsilateral central metas-tases is≥3 (P=0.010). Conclusion:Extracapsular invasion, prelaryngeal lymph nodes, and ipsilateral CLN influence the metastases of CLN. Bilateral CLN dissection should be performed when the number of ipsilateral central metastases is≥3 and there is merger of ex-tra-laryngeal lymph nodes or capsule invasion.

Objective To develop a computer-assisted multiangular guiding system for interventional ultrasound.Methods A computer-assisted multiangular guiding system was developed which included a high-accuracy electromagnetic tracker and a passive arm with 5 degree-of-freedom.The electromagnetic tracker was used to track ultrasound probe and needle.The position of B-mode ultrasound image plane and needle were displayed in real-time in the reconstructed 3D ultrasound.The passive arm was used to assist needle delivering.A 10mm ball immersed in a transparent water tank and a formal acoustical prototype was punctured with random angle by using this system.The systematic precision was assessed.Results The whole progress was finished successfully,the ball was touched by the tip of the needle for all the occasions,the error of the system was less than 5mm.Conclusion The computer-assisted multiangular guiding system can get rid of the limitation of angle and make the operation flexible and accurate.

Central South University began to implement the eight-year medical education in 2004, and has accumulated rich experience in the pre-medical education through continuous reform and improvement. Since 2012, Central South University has made a series of reformation, which is more conducive to the all-round development of medical students , on the pre-medical education . Through adding freshman courses, humanities courses, bilingual teaching courses, and applying aca-demic adviser institution, early scientific research training and open courses during the pre-medical education, Central South University has exercised and strengthened students' scientific research ability, the humanistic quality, English level, and made the pre-medical comprehensive examination for the shunt selection of students. Thus Central South University has improved the eight-year medical students' comprehensive quality, and provided an example of the reformation for medical education.

Objective To investigate COL1A1 gene mutation by PCR-high resolution melting (PCR-HRM) and an-alyze the correlation between genotype and clinical phenotype in a child (proband) with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Methods The family history of OI pedigree along with the clinical data was collected. Blood samples from the proband and his family members, as well as 50 normal controls, were collected. The mutation of COL1A1 gene was screened using PCR-HRM and validated by the gene sequence. Results The detection of PCR-HRM showed the abnormal result of COL1A1 17 exon in proband with a lower melting temperature (Tm) value than that of normal controls by 0.4℃. There were signifi-cant differences in the standardization melting curve and the different melting curve between the proband and the normal controls. The sequencing result was c.1138G>A, which meant that cDNA of 1138 base G mutation into A. The mutations transformed the amino acid glycine into a serine at amino acid 380(P. Gly 380 Ser), which resulted in missense mutations. The proband’s father and grandmother had the same mutation of COL1A1 gene. The mutation was not found in the proband’s mother and normal controls. There was no report for such mutation in Chinese population. Pedigree analysis showed the fami-ly genetic characteristics of autosomal dominant inheritance. The proband was clinically diagnosed as OI type Ⅳwith more severe clinical phenotype. Conclusion PCR-HRM analysis is a new effective method for genetic screening of OI. COL1A1 mutation of c.1138G>A is a newly discovered mutation in Chinese population. Gly replaced inαhelical domain may lead to a more severe clinical phenotype.

Objective To study the effective composition of Aster ageratoides Turcz for relieving asthma and its toxicity . Methods Seventy‐two qualified male guinea pigs ,body mass(300 ± 20)g ,were randomly divided into the control group ,aminophyl‐line group(0 .047 g/kg) and different ratio group of total saponins and total flavonoids (8∶1 ,4∶1 ,2∶1 ,1∶1 ,1∶2 ,1∶4 ,1∶8) . Every group received at dose of 0 .38 g/kg once a day for 3 days by intragastric administration .The effect of relieving asthma was taken as the indicators for the optimization of compositions ,which was detected by observing the latent period of asthma induced by acetylcholine‐histamine in guinea rats .The relaxation percentage of smooth muscle retracted by acetylcholine was detected by Pow‐erlab biological signal collecting system when aminophylline(1 .25 mg/mL) and different matching drugs(0 .02 g/mL) were added in Krebs′solution .The acute toxicities of total saponins ,total flavonoids and mixture of total saponins with total flavonoids (ratio of 1∶2) were detected by classical acute toxicity test of mice .Results Compared with the control group ,aminophylline group ,each group latent period of inducing asthma significantly or very significantly prolonged (P<0 .05) ,among them ,1∶1 ,1∶2 ,1∶4 group and other matching group were significantly different(P<0 .05) ,but 1∶2 group cited the longest incubation period .Aminophylline group and the ratio could significantly relaxe guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle retracted by acetylcholine .Aminophylline group di‐astolic percentage was the largest(24 .12 ± 1 .20)% ,all the groups were less than the percentage of diastolic aminophylline group (P<0 .05) ,but in 1∶2 group with the closest .Aster ageratoides Turcz ,tatarian aster total saponins ,total flavonoids and the ratio of 1∶2 to mice maximum tolerance was respectively 300 ,345 ,325 g/kg .Conclusion For the same total dosage ,the relieving asth‐ma effects of proportions of 1∶2 Aster ageratoides Turcz were obvious .There are no abnormal changes in the acute toxicity trila with total flavonoids ,total saponins ,as well as the ratio of 1∶2 ,safety is relatively good .

To establish an HPLC mehod for the analysis of pharmacokinetics of salvianolic acid B in rats. METHODS: The biological samples were extracted with acetic ether. The chromatographic conditions were as follows: Hypersil ODS column (200 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm) was used. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water(with Ammoniom Acetate 0.25 mol/L) was set at 328 nm. RESULTS: Salvianolic acid B was injected intravenously at doses of 1.6, 3.2, 6.4 mg/kg. The terminal elimination half-life(t1/2) of α phase and β phase was (3.1±0.1) min and (31.5±3.2) min. The extents of excrement,urine and biliary excretion of salvianolic acid B were 1.43%±0.90%, 0.77%±1.01% and 8.82%±4.11%. The tissue concentration of salvianolic acid B was as followed in order: Cheart>Cliver>Clung>Cintestine>Ckidney>Cspleen>Cstomach. The plasma protein binding rate of salvianolic acid B in human plasma and in rat was similar(89.2%±1.8%,92.5%±1.5%). CONCLUSION: The method is accurate, stable and reliable, and can be used for the investigation of salvianolic acid B in pharmacokinetics research. Salvianolic acid B eliminates fast and it shows a high plasma protein binding rate, the mainly excretion way of salvianolic acid B is from biliary.

Objective To study the incidence of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and its impact on the clinical manifestations of patients with Parkinson' s disease (PD). Methods One hundred and twenty-four PD patients were included into this study and each of them was given the non motor symptoms questionnaire (NMSquest) to investigate the incidence of RBD. The PD patients were then divided into the RBD group and non RBD group, according to their answers to the NMSquest. Then the clinical differences were investigated between PD patients with and without RBD on the aspects of demographic characters, Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage, the scores of Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) sub-items, the incidence of non motor symptoms, and the dysfunctions of non motor systems (cognitive impairment, anxiety, depression and sleep disorders ). The evaluation tools of non motor functions include Mini Mental State Exam ( MMSE), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Parkins' s Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Results ( 1 ) 62.9% (78/124) of the PD patients have been experiencing RBD. (2) The course of the disease in RBD group ( 3.8 ± 2.8 ) was significantly shorter than non RBD group (5.0 ± 2.5, t = - 1. 972, P = 0. 048 ) while the sex, age, onset age and the mode of onset, Levodopa dose equivalents (LDE) and the kinds of medicines showed no difference between the two groups. (3) H-Y stage, the scores of UPDRS sub-items and the incidence of motor complications showed no difference between RBD and non RBD group. (4) Most of the non motor symptoms, including the gastrointestinal dysfunctions, autonomic dysfunctions, mood disorders and sleep disturbances, occurred much frequently in RBD group, however, the scores of MMSE, HAMD, HAMA,PDSS and ESS showed no difference between the RBD and non RBD group. Conclusion RBD commonly occurred in PD patients, and PD patients with RBD have a tendency to suffer from dysfunction of non motor systems.