BACKGROUND:Both high glucose and lipopolysaccharide have been proved to promote the apoptosis of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs), but their interactions on the HPLF apoptosis in vitro have not yet been reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide and high glucose on the proliferation, apoptosis and the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 in HPLFs in vitro. METHODS:The primarily cultured HPLFs were identified. The 5-8 generations of HPLFs were col ected and used in the subsequent experiment. The HPLFs were cultured in different concentrations of glucose (5.5 and 25 mmol/L) and lipopolysaccharide (0, 1 and 10 mg/L) for 24 and 48 hours, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/L) could significantly inhibit the cel proliferation, promote the cel apoptosis, upregulate the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA and induce a significant decrease in Bcl-2/Bax ratio in the cel s cultured with 5.5 mmol/L glucose (P<0.05). The lipopolysaccharide-induced suppression of cel proliferation, cel apoptosis, the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA as wel as decrease in Bcl-2/Bax ratio were significantly strengthened in the HPLFs treated with 25 mmol/L glucose (P<0.05). Analysis of variance found that high glucose and lipopolysaccharide had a significant interaction on the cel apoptosis (P<0.05). These results reveal that lipopolysaccharide-induced suppression of cel proliferation, cel apoptosis and the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA are augmented in HPLFs cultured under high glucose condition, indicating lipopolysaccharide and high glucose interactively act in inducing cel apoptosis.

ObjectiveTo study the synergistic effect of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and to explore their influence on osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs cultures. MethodsMouse BMSCs were cultured in phenol red-free α-MEM containing osteogenic supplements (OS) for inducing osteogenic differentiation. The temporal sequence of osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs cultures was assayed by measuring alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and calcium deposition gene expression. The activation of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 was detected by western blotting using phospho-specific MAP kinase antibody. BMSCs were treated with the inhibitor of p38MAPK pathway(SB203580) or ERK1/2 pathway (PD98059), and osteogenic differentiation was measured. BMSCs were treated with SB203580 or sodium arsenite(ARS), a strong activator of p38MAPK, and the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 was measured. BMSCs were treated with PP2A inhibitor, Okadaic acid(OA), the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and osteogenic differentiation were measured. lmmunoprecipitation was used to test the binding interaction between PP2A and ERK1/2, and the effect of SB203580 on the interaction. ResultsTreatment of BMSCs with osteogenic supplements resulted in activation of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 that coincided with osteogenic differentiation. Inhibition of p38MAPK activation by SB203580, blocked the osteogenic differentiation, whereas inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by PD98059, enhanced the osteogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner.SB203580 treatment resulted in increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. By contrast, ARS treatment resulted in decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Inhibition of PP2A by OA resulted in increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. OS-induced osteogenic differentiation was also attenuated by PP2A inhibition. Immunoprecipitation confirmed the association of PP2A with ERK1/2 in BMSCs cultures, which was decreased by SB203580 treatment. ConclusionThe present study demonstrates a synergistic effect between p38MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways via PP2A in BMSCs cultures, which may regulate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.

Objective To study the expression and value of CXCR1 and CXCR2 on neutrophils, CD14~+ monocytes and CD3~+ T lymphocytes of peripberol blood of ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients and to investigate the correlation between CXCR1,CXCR2 and disease activity.Methods A case control study was designed and enrolled 30 active AS,30 active rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and 30 healthy controls.The levels of CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression on neutrophils,CD3~+ T cells and CD14~+ monocytes of peripheral blood of the patients and healthy controls enrolled were measured and analyzed by flow cytometry by measuring the mean fluorescence intensity(MFI)channel.The correlations between the level of CXCR1 and CXCR2 anti disease activity or functional index of AS such as BASDAI,BASF1,ESR and CRP were analyzed.Results The MFI of CXCR1 expression on CD3~+ T lymphocytes of peripheral blood was significantly higher in AS patients (41?24)than that in RA patients(18?10)and healthy controls(19?7)(P

TF no-mix orthodontic adhesive was compounded in different weight proportion of nanograde hydroxyapatite as 10%, 20% and 30%, for use in this comparative study on composites. 80 orthodontic brackets were cemented and divided into 8 experimental groups, and TF adhesive was set as the control group. The tensile strength and shear strength were tested respectively. The results showed that the group of 10% nanograde hydroxyapatite obtained the greatest bonding strength (9.668 +/- 1.0649 MPa in tensile strength and 11.991 +/- 1.4135 MPa in shear strength), and there was significant difference between the 10% group and the other groups (P < 0.05, one-way ANAOV). It is concluded that the bonding strength can be enhanced when TF adhesive is compounded in suitable proportion of nanograde hydroxyapatitie.
Animals ; Cattle ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Cements ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Particle Size ; Tensile Strength

Adolescent ; Bone Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomus Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Melanoma ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Tibia ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo screen the parameters of questionnaire in prevalence survey of spondyloarthropathy (SpA) in China, and to evaluate the value and feasibility of questionnaire used in prevalence survey.

METHODSA questionnaire study on SpA with 12 questions involved was performed which came from a epidemiological survey on SpA in Brittany, France.

RESULTS(1) We found difference on the sensitivity and specificity of some indexes in the questionnaires between the French study and the one developed by ourselves. The sensitivity differed between the published French paper and ours in the following indexes: onset age, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease. The specificity of the indexes would include spinal pain, insidious onset, morning stiffness, duration more than 3 months and radiographic manifestation also showed differences. (2) Excluding the radiographic abnormality, we ran the logistic regression and concluded that the following parameters were the independent indexes which suggesting the existence of the disease: spinal pain onset before 40 years of age, having spinal stiffness in the morning having positive family history and having buttock pain and heel pain. (3) Based on the result of each question of the questionnaire, indices of distinguishing the cases and controls were identified.

CONCLUSIONThe questionnaire verified in our study was a new, simple, valuable and feasible one for SpA prevalence study and in screening the potential SpA patients.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spondylarthropathies ; epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUNDThe role of B-cell remains an enigma in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This study aimed to investigate the distributions of B-cells and subsets in peripheral blood of AS patients and observe their changes in etanercept-treated AS patents.

METHODSWe detected the proportions of CD19(+) B-cell, naive B-cell (CD19(+)CD27-), memory B-cell (CD19(+)CD27dim) and plasmablast (CD19(+)CD27high) in peripheral blood of 66 patients with AS (39 at active stage, 27 at stable stage; 35 patients with peripheral joint involvement, 31 patients with axial involvement alone), 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 30 healthy volunteers using flow cytometry. And then we observed the changes of the above indexes of 39 active AS patients treated with etanercept in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

RESULTS(1) Percentages of CD19(+) B-cells in active or peripheral joint involvement AS patients increased more obviously than those in stable or axial involvement alone AS patients (both P = 0.001), and percentage of CD19(+)CD27high B-cells in AS patients with peripheral joint involvement was significantly higher than that in cases with axial involvement alone or healthy volunteers (P = 0.005 and 0.006, respectively); (2) The percentage of CD19(+) B-cells in AS patients was positively correlated with Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) scores, Patient's Global Assessment (PGA) scores, total back pain scores and nocturnal back pain scores (r = 0.270, 0.255, 0.251 and 0.266, P = 0.029, 0.039, 0.042 and 0.031, respectively); (3) At week 6 and week 12, there were no statistical differences of the percentages of B-cells and subsets between etanercept group and placebo group of AS patients (P > 0.05); the percentage of CD19(+) B-cells in etanercept group was higher than that in healthy volunteers at week 12 (t = 3.320, P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONSMisbalance is present in B-cells and some subsets in peripheral blood of active AS patients with peripheral joint involved. B-cells might play an important role in the pathogenesis of AS patients. The high percentage of CD19(+) B-cells in active AS patients cannot be down-regulated after 12-week etanercept treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, CD19 ; immunology ; B-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; immunology ; Etanercept ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; therapeutic use ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 ; immunology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical features, morphology and biologic behavior of primary malignant myoepithelioma (MME) of salivary glands.

METHODSThe H&E sections of 16 MME cases were reviewed. Immunohistochemical study using EnVision method for cytokeratin (CK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), vimentin, S-100 protein, desmin, muscle-specific actin (MSA), smooth muscle actin (SMA), Myo, proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), leukocyte common antigen (LCA) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was carried out.

RESULTSOf the 16 patients studied, 6 were males and 10 were females. Their ages ranged from 12 to 65 years (with an average age of 44 years). The tumor occurred predominantly in the parotid gland and minor salivary gland of the palate. Common clinical features included sudden and rapid tumor growth, superficial ulceration, bony destruction and nerve infiltration. Seven of the 16 patients developed local recurrences, while 2 patients had metastasis in the lymph nodes of submandibular or other cervical regions. Most tumors infiltrated adjacent normal salivary gland, adipose, muscular and bony tissues. The extent of local invasion however varied. Histologically, MME showed a wide range of morphologic appearance, with various combinations of clear, spindle, epithelioid or plasmacytoid cells. The tumor cells were atypical and demonstrated high mitotic activity. In this study, 9 cases were composed predominantly of clear tumor cells. Immunohistochemically the tumor cells were positive for CK, EMA, MSA, desmin and S-100 protein.

CONCLUSIONSIn general, MME is a rare and low-grade malignant salivary gland tumor. It carries a low potential for lymph node or distant metastasis but relatively high tendency for local recurrences, resulting in destruction of adjacent soft and bony tissues. The biologic behavior also varies, depending on the site of involvement. Morphologic diagnosis of MME can be difficult in view of the wide spectrum of histologic changes. A definitive diagnosis however is possible with the application of immunohistochemistry.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Desmin ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myoepithelioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Parotid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; pathology

Objective:To explore whether executive function (EF) deficits are specific to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or whether such deficits are also associated with tics disorder (TD).Methods:A total of 112 ADHD comorbid TD (ADHD +TD) children,112 pure ADHD children and 112 normal controls were selected.The diagnosis was according to the criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ).The groups were matched by sex,age (less than 6 months) and IQ.The Rey-Osterrieth complex Figure Test,the Trail Making Test,and Stroop Color Word Test were administered to assess working memory,shifting and inhibitory function respectively.The results of the comparison between groups used multivariate analysis of variance,and the statistically significant indicators were conducted with apost-test comparison.Results:Both pure ADHD group and ADHD + TD group performed worse (P ＜ 0.05) in the aspects of the delay recalling structure score,the immediate memory detail score,delay recalling detail score of Rey complex figure test,time of numberletter part and shifting time of trail making test,the time of Stroops2,4,the errors of Stroop 4 and word interference than normal controls.In the aspects of the score of the structure and detail forgetting,the pure ADHD group performed worse (P ＜0.05) than normal controls,but the ADHD + TD group didn't.The differences were significant (P ＜ 0.05).The other differences all weren't significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:It suggests that children with ADHD have executive function deficit,particular in the tests assessing working memory,shifting and inhibitory function,whether or not comorbid tics disorder.Comorbid tics disorders may not be the factor of aggravation.

Objective To investigate and compare the curative effect between delayed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting 12-24 hours from symptom onset and medical therapy on acute myocardial infarction patients presenting with ST-segment elevation (STEMI). Methods Using a prospective,open,parallel,controlled research approach,186 patients with STEMI were divided into delayed PCI group(n=89),which received PCI within 12-24 hours after STEMI and medical therapy group(n=97),which received medical therapy after STEMI. All patients were followed up 1-6 months with average follow-up (5.6 ± 1.4) months. Data of hospitalization period, the cardiac structures detected by echocardiography such as left atrial diameter (LAD), left ventricular diastolic diameter(LVDd),left ventricular ejection fraction LVEF,left ventricular fractional shortening(LVFS),composite end point events and major adverse cardiac events(MACE)were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with medical therapy group, the hospitalization cycle was significantly shorter in delayed PCI group. Data of the LAD and LVDd were significantly decreased,but LVEF and LVFS were increased in delayed PCI group compared with those of medical therapy group at 30 d and 6-month follow-up. The incidence of MACE and composite end point events were significantly less in delayed PCI group than those of medical therapy group (P<0.05). Conclusion Delayed PCI treatment can decrease the time of hospital stay and decrease the incidence rates of MACE and composite end point events,and improve left ventricular function and prognosis of patients.