Since Fujita first described uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP)in 1981,UPPP and its modified procedures have been widely used to treat obstructive sleep apnea and hyponea syndrome(OSAHS).However,despite of its wide application,the success rates was uncertain,ranging from 20% to 80%,with patients of varing Friedman stages.It is well known that the principle of UPPP is to remove the redundant tissue of palate,elongated uvula and hypertrophic tonsils in order to widen the anteroposterior space at the level of palate.But recently,surgeons have found that not only the collapse of soft palate but also the collapse of lateral wall at the palate level can contribute to the obstruction of upper airway at the level of palate.As a result,many surgeries which can widen the lateral velopharyneal space have sprung up in these years.This review focuses on the development of techniques that emphasize the enlargement of lateral velopharyneal space in patients with OSAHS.
Humans ; Larynx ; Palate ; anatomy & histology ; Palate, Soft ; Pharynx ; anatomy & histology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; therapy ; Uvula

Objective To optimize the processing conditions of Manchuiran Dutchmanspipe Stem with alkali. Methods The combination of radial basis function ( RBF) and response surface methodology ( RSM) was used to investigate the influence of NaHCO3 , concentration, duration and cycles of processing on the content of aristolochic acid. Results The optimal process was achieved when Manchuiran Dutchmanspipe Stem was soaked for 3 cycles in 0. 05 mol·L-1 NaHCO3 solution, for 24 hours in each cycle. The removal rate of total aristolochic acid approached to 83. 74%. Conclusion The combination of RBF and RSM provided a new method and good guidance for further toxicity attenuation for Manchuiran Dutchmanspipe Stem.

Budd-Chiari Syndrome ; complications ; Humans ; Seizures ; complications

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liposomes

OBJECTIVE:To observe the curative effect of Danhong injection in treating cerebral infarction.METHODS:30 patients(trial group) were assigned to receive Danhong injection,while 26(control group) to receive Ligustrazine injection.The neurologic impairment score,clinical efficacy and ADRs during medication were compared between the two groups.RESULTS:The total effective rates in trial group vs.in control group were 86.67% vs.65.38%,showing significant differences between the two groups(P

Objective To evaluate the impact of different ages, different gender, with or without exercise and different fracture sites on the nutritional status using mini nutritional assessment (MNA-SF) in hospitalized elderly fracture patients. Methods A total of 1 353 hospitalized elderly patients with fracture were included. The MNA-SF investigations were completed within 3 days after admission. The diet, body weight, physical activity, psychological trauma or stress, psychological problems, body mass index (BMI), calf circumference (CC), history of aerobic exercise and the fracture sites were recorded three days after admission. The nutritional status were evaluated including normal nutrition, risk of malnutrition and malnutritional status. The relationships of nutritional status were analyzed between different ages, different gender, with or without exercise, different fracture sites. Results There were significant differences in the incidence of normal nutrition, risk of malnutrition malnutrition and non-normal nutritional status between different ages, different gender, with or without exercise, femoral intertrochanteric fracture and upper limb fracture. There were also significant differences in the incidence of normal nutrition, risk of malnutrition and malnutrition between femoral neck fracture and upper limb fracture. Conclusion There is a higher incidence of non-normal nutritional status in patients older than 80 years, female, with no regular exercise and with femoral intertrochanteric fracture.

Objective To study the imaging characteristics of localized myositis ossificans for improving its diagnosis and differen-tial diagnosis ability.Methods The Clinical and radiographic data of 45 cases with localized myositis ossificans proved by pathology or clinical follow up were analyzed retrospectively,summarize its imaging features.Results Of the 45 cases,1 7 cases occurred in the elbow joint,1 5 in the hip joint,13 in the other parts of the body.X-ray showed lining or lamellar high-density ossification in soft tis-sues in 34 cases,of those 12 cases with “shell”ossification.Compared with the X-ray,CT showed more clear ossification.MRI showed the soft tissue mass with peripheral edema in 18 cases;3 cases obvious ossification,no edema around.SPECT/CT showed abnormal imaging agent concentration in soft tissue within 12 cases,of those 5 cases concentration range greater than the range of ossification,4 cases concentration range less than the range of ossification.Conclusion Localized myositis ossificans have certain im-aging characteristics.Integrated application of a variety of imaging combined with the clinical can fully display the evolution of the disease,and improve its diagnosis rate.

Objective To explore the relationship between the four different molecular subtypes of locally advanced breast cancer(LABC) and the clinical effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy containing docetaxel and anthracyclines on breast cancer. Methods The record of 68 patients with LABC who were treated with the therapeutic scheme was reviewed. Breast cancer molecules were diagnosed by core needle biopsy through IHC and were divided into four subtypes. After 3 to 5 courses of treatment, the relationship of molecular subtype and clinical effects was analyzed. Results Univariate analysis showed that absence of estrogen receptor (ER) expression and size of tumor (≤5cm) were predictive factors for clinical complete response (cCR) (P<0.05).Over expression of HER-2 and molecular subtypes were predictive for pathologic complete response (pCR) (P<0.05). pCR rate of HER2+/ER- subtype in this therapeutic scheme was, higher than that of other subtypes and pCR rate of Luminal A subtype was the lowest. Multivariate analysis showed that molecular subtypes cant be the predictive factors for this therapeutic scheme (P>0.05) and only HER-2 (P<0.05) was the independent variable in predicting pCR for this therapeutic scheme. Conclusion Molecular subtypes can not independently predict pCR for neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen containing docetaxel and anthracyclines.

Objective To study the expression of the fused proteasome activator REGγ(11S regulator complex gamma subunit) using gene recombination technology and to further study the interaction between REGγ and casein kinase-2 interacting protein-1(CKIP-1)in vitro.Methods Firstly, the full length cDNA fragment of REGγ was amplified through PCR using the plasmid pCMV-Myc-REGγ as template and subcloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-4T-2 before being transformed into E.coli BL21 cells. The protein expression was induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside(IPTG) .Secondly, the protein expression was monitored by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting after ultrasonication. Finally, the GST Pull-down assay was performed to investigate the interaction between REGγ and CKIP-1 in vitro.Results The prokaryotic expression construct pGEX-4T-2-REGγ was generated successfully and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Expression analysis showed that the GST-REGγ protein was easily expressed and isolated mainly in the lysate supernatant after sonication and centrifugation. The GST Pull-down assay revealed the strong mutual interaction between REGγ and CKIP-1 in vitro.Conclusion The proteasome activator REGγ could interact with the negative regulator of osteoblastogenesis CKIP-1 in vitro and the current study has shed light on further investigations of their physiological relevance.

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic time factors on reduction of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by sulfentanil postconditioning in rats .Methods Healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats ,weighing 230-250 g ,were heparinized and anesthetized with intraperitoneal 5% chloral hydrate 8 ml/kg .The hearts were excised and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus with K-H solution .After 30 min of stabilization ,48 isolated rat hearts were randomly assigned into 6 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table .In I/R1-3 groups ,the hearts were subjected to 30 ,45 ,and 60 min of myocardial ischemia ,respectively ,followed by 90 min of reperfusion . In SP1-3 groups , the hearts were subjected to 30 , 45 , and 60 min of myocardial ischemia , respectively ,followed by 90 min of reperfusion ,and sulfentanil 100 nmol/L was added to K-H solution at 15 min of reperfusion for postconditioning . Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP ) , left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) ,+dp/dtmax ,-dp/dtmax ,HR and coronary flow (CF) were measured at the end of equilibration and 15 ,30 ,60 and 90 min of reperfusion .Creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in coronary effluent were measured at 5 min of reperfusion .Myocardial infarct size was determined in 5 hearts chosen randomly at 90 min of reperfusion .Results LVEDP was significantly higher ,and LVDP , ± dp/dtmax and CF were lower at each time point of reperfusion than at the end of equilibration in I/R1-3 groups ( P<0.05) .Compared with I/R1 and I/R2 groups ,LVEDP was significantly increased ,and LVDP and ± dp/dtmax were decreased at 30 ,60 and 90 min of reperfusion ,HR and CF were decreased ,and CK and LDH activities in coronary effluent and infarct size were increased at 15 and 30 min of reperfusion in group I/R3 ,and LVEDP was significantly decreased ,LVDP , ± dp/dtmax and CF were increased ,CK and LDH activities in coronary effluent and infarct size were decreased at 30 , 60 and 90 min of reperfusion in groups SP1 and SP2 ( P< 0.05 ) . Compared with group I/R3 , LVDP was significantly decreased at 30 ,60 and 90 min of reperfusion ( P<0.05) ,and no significant change was found in CK and LDH activities in coronary effluent and infarct size in group SP3 ( P>0.05 ) .Conclusion Sulfentanil postconditioning can attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury when the rats are subjected to 30 or 45 min of ischemia ,however ,it provides no myocardial protection when the rats are subjected to 60 min of ischemia .