Aim To quantitatively analyze the lymphocyte proliferation using the time-series data of carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester(CFSE).Methods The model of immune suppression in mice was created by cyclophosphamide and CFSE dye was used for staining the lymphocyte of both control group and treatment group animals. The data were analyzed through mathematical model-fitting.Results The first generation of cell proliferation of the control group and treatment group were 27.17 h and 22.88 h; cell death rates in each division were respectively 20% and 40%; the half-life of cells before the proliferation was respectively 31.53 h and 43.32 h.Conclusions The mathematical fitting of CFSE data can quantitatively analyze the mechanism of the drugs attecting the proliferation of lymphocyte.In this experiment the mechanism of cyclophosphamide inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation may be due to the increase of cell death rate of each division caused by cyclophosphamide.

Objective To investigate the expression difference of microRNA -21 (miRNA-21) in patients with chronic cardiac function and analyze its clinical significance. Methods Patients with chronic heart failure (trial group,150 cases) and the subjects without chronic heart failure (control group,45 cases) were enrolled. Patients with chronic heart failure were divided into three subgroups according to NYHA: group A (heart function classⅡ,49 cases),group B (classⅢ, 51 cases) and group C (class Ⅳ, 50 cases). miRNA-21 levels were detected by qRT-PCR method. The levels of B type natriuretic peptide urea (BNP),left ventricular end diastole diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were determined. Results miRNA-21 expression in patients with heart failure were higher than that of control group (P < 0.01),and miRNA-21 expression in group C was higher than that of group A.Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between expression of BNP (r = 0.763,P < 0.01), LVEDD (r = 0.691,P<0.01), and the level of miRNA-21 in patients with chronic heart failure.And a negative correlation between LVEF value and the level of miRNA-21 (r = -0.918,P < 0.01). Conclusion miRNA-21 might be a potential marker for diagnosis of heart failure and could be a basis for reference about prognosis evaluation.

This paper explored the educational reform of dispensing Chinese drugherbs. The education reform included implementing the project of teaching methods, implementing modern experimental methods, cultivating comprehensive quality of students, training students' creative thinking, and stimulating the initiative of students. All these strategies could improve the quality of teaching and make students' comprehensive abilities meet the demand.

OBJECTIVETo study the activation changes of the brain in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) while executing sequential finger tapping movement using the method of blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

METHODSFifteen patients with definite or probable ALS and fifteen age and gender matched normal controls were enrolled. MRI was performed on a 3. 0 Tesla scanner with standard headcoil. The functional images were acquired using a gradient echo single shot echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence. All patients and normal subjects executed sequential finger tapping movement at the frequency of 1-2 Hz during a block-design motor task. Structural MRI was acquired using a three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient echo (3D-FSPGR) sequence. The fMRI data were analyzed by statistical parametric mapping (SPM).

RESULTSBilateral primary sensorimotor cortex (PSM), bilateral premotor area (PA), bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA), bilateral parietal region (PAR), contralateral inferior lateral premotor area (ILPA), and ipsilateral cerebellum showed activation in both ALS patients and normal controls when executing the same motor task. The activation areas in bilateral PSM, bilateral PA, bilateral SMA, and ipsilateral cerebellum were significantly larger in ALS patients than those in normal controls (P < 0.05). Extra activation areas including ipsilateral ILPA, bilateral posterior limb of internal capsule, and contralateral cerebellum were only detected in ALS patients.

CONCLUSIONSSimilar activation areas are activated in ALS patients and normal subjects while executing the same motor task. The increased activation areas in ALS patients may represent neural reorganization, while the extra activation areas in ALS patients may indicate functional compensation.

Adult ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Brain ; pathology ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Fingers ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Movement ; physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Oxygen ; blood

[Objective] To determine the sun protection factor (SPF) and protection factor of ultraviolet A (PFA) of a self-made sunscreen cream.[Methods] The sample of a self-made sunscreen cream and a commercial sunscreen cream were painted to an artificial skin (3M film) at a dose of 2 μl/cm2,and a tester was used to evaluate their photoprotective effect.A total of 48 albinism guinea pigs were classified into 8 groups to remain unprotected or be protected by the self-made or commercial sunscreen cream.A solar ultraviolet light simulator (SUV-1000) was used to simulate the ultraviolet rays in sunlight to irradiate the guinea pigs,and the photoprotecfive effect of these sunscreen creams was determined.[Results] The in vitro evaluation revealed that the SPF value of the self-made sun-screen cream and commercial cream was 32.26 ± 2.42 and 30.87 ± 2.57respectively (n =5,t =0.94,P ＞ 0.05),and the PFA value was 24.28 ± 2.44 and 17.53 ± 2.28 respectively (n =5,t =4.52,P＜ 0.01 ).As the in vivo experiment showed,the SPF value of the self-made sun-screen cream and commercial cream was 30.39 ± 6.65 and 28.79 ± 7.36,respectively (n =12,t =0.38,P＞ 0.05),and the PFA value was ＞ 8.91 and ＞ 8.93 respectively.[Conclusion] The photoprotective effect of the self-made sunscreen cream is similar to that of the commercial cream.

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with feeding intolerance in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) and to investigate the beneficial factors for preventing feeding intolerance.Methods Retrospectively analysis was carried out in 151 VLBWI cases in our hospital from January 2005 to November 2010.Logistic regression analysis was performed to find the risk factors of feeding intolerance.Results The overall rate of feeding intolerance in VLBWI was 47.7 ％ (72/151).Dysporia and infection were associated with feeding intolerance in VLBWI (Wald x2 =7.748 and 4.555,P =0.05 and 0.033 respectively).Gender,multifetation were not associated with feeding intolerance(Ps ＞0.05).Conclusion The feeding intolerance is associated with dysporia and infection in VLBWI.

Gastric cancer carcinogenesis is a multifactorial process which is related to an interaction of host factors,Helieobacter pylori (Hp) infection,dietary factors and so on.The plant polyphenols which are widely present in many plants are the general term for a large group polyphenolic compounds.They have strong antioxidant activity.Furthermore,many animal experiments and clinical studies have proved that the polyphenols could inhibit gastric cancer via inhibiting Hp infection,suppressing the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB),promoting apoptosis in cancer cells and so on.The application of plant polyphenols could broaden the approaches for chemoprevention of gastric cancer.

0 05).Among them,WT but neither DN, Blank, nor Pio significantly ameliorated the increased concentrations of TGF-a1 and fibro nectin in culture medium induced by HG. Compared with DN and Blank, WT transfect ion significantly attenuated high glucose-caused elevation in c-fos, c-jun and p-ERK expression, reduction in Ⅰ-?B level, and incretio n in nucleus/cytosol ratio of NF-?B, while Pio demonstrated similarly signific ant changes only in p-ERK and NF-?B. No significant difference of GLUT-1 mRN A level was detected between HG groups. Conclusions Overexpressed PPAR?1 can su ppress increased ECM production from glomerular mesangial cells cultured in HG c ondition. Its inhibitory effects on activation of ERK/AP-1 and NF-?B pathways are involved. The further increase of PPAR?activity may have direct anti-fibr otic effect in diabetic kidney.

Objective To study the changes of motor cortex in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)while executing sequential finger tapping movement by using blood oxygenation level dependent(BOLD)functional MRI.Methods Fifteen patients with definite or probable ALS and 15 age and gender matched normal controls were enrolled in the BOLD study,and all the subjects were right-handed with no other diseases or any recent medication history.A 3.0 T MR scanner was employed and gradient echo EPI(GRE-EPI)sequence was used to acquire the functional images.Subjects executed sequential finger tapping movement at a frequency of 1-2 Hz during a block design task.fMRI data were analyzed by using statistical parametric mapping(SPM)2.Volume of activated brain areas was compared with the use of a Student's t-test.Results Bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex(PSM),bilateral posterior aspect of premotor area(PA),bilateral supplementary motor area(SMA),contralateral inferior lateral premotor area (ILPA),bilateral parietal region(PAR),and ipsilateral cerebellum showed activation in both ALS patients and normal controls when executing the same motor task.The activation areas in bilateral PSM and bilateral posterior aspect of PA(right hand ipsilateral activation:ALS(924.5±141.1)mm3,control(829.9±98.4)mm3,P=0.05;right hand contralateral activation:ALS(9143.8±702.8)mm3,control(8638.8±506.4)mm3,P＜0.05;left hand ipsilateral activation:ALS(1162.5±357.4)mm3,control(902.5±184.2)mm3,P＜0.05;left hand contralateral activation:ALS(8255.2±870.2)mm3,control (5934.6±616.4)mm3,P＜0.05),bilateral SMA(right hand bilateral activation:ALS(6564.3±720.6)mm3,control(4710.7±416.3)mm3,P＜0.05;left hand bilateral activation:ALS(6970.5±961.8)mm3,control(3688.9±672.3)mm3,P＜0.05),and ipsilateral cerebellum(right hand ipsilateral activation:ALS(2720.0±1154.2)mm3,control(254.3±84.4)mm3,P＜0.05;left hand ipsilateral activation:ALS(4794.4±1237.0)mm3,control(1689.0±719.6)mm3,P＜0.05)were significantly larger in ALS patients than in normal controls.Extra activation areas including ipsilateral ILPA,contralateral cerebellum and bilateral posterior limb of internal capsule were only detected in ALS patients.Conclusions Similar activation areas were seen in both groups while executing the same motor task,but the activated areas were more prominent in ALS group.The increased activation areas in ALS patients may represent neural reorganization.while the extra activation areas in ALS patients may indicate functional compensation.

Objective To investigate the pathologic foundation,clinical characteristics and CT features of microscopic polyangiitis(MPA)with lung involvement.Methods Clinical data of 6 patients of MPA with lung involvement in 2003-2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The types of lung imaging manifestations as the followings:(1)Mutiple flaky shadow in both lung in 3 cases.(2)Ground-glass shadow in 1 case.(3)Disseminated interstitial lung involvement in 2 cases.The main respiratory symptom was haemoptysis except cough and expectoration.Renal damaging often occurred besides the lung.Six cases with positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA)and 5 cases with positive P-ANCA/MPO-ANCA were found in laboratory examination.Conclusions The CT manifestations of MPA with lung involvement have no characteristic features.Clinical characteristics and laboratory examination can help to understand and diagnose MPA with lung involvement early.