Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVE: To learn the prevalence of abnormal components of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women, and to explore the optimal body composition indices to predict the abnormal components of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. METHODS: A total of 181 participants were recruited from postmenopausal women who came to Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital for health examination between July 2006 and August 2007. They were 41-60 years of age, and there were 1-9 years since menopause. Their clinical and biochemical parameters were measured, including body height, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, sagittal abdominal diameter, blood pressure, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, fasting,plasma glucose, fasting insulin and body fat. The prevalence of the abnormal components of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women was investigated. The correlations between body composition indices and the components of metabolic syndrome were analyzed by partial correlation analysis independent of age, years since postmenopause and the level of estradiol. The body composition indices to predict the abnormal components of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women were explored. RESULTS: ①The prevalence of central obesity (waist circumference ≥ 80 cm), hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride ≥1.7 mmol/L), low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (high density lipopretein-cholesterol < 1.29 mmol/L), hypertension (systolic pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic pressure ≥ 85 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) and high fasting glucose (fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L)was 48.1%, 31.5%, 16.6%, 38.7% and 50.3%, respectively. ②Through partial correlation analysis, body composition indices (body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, sagittal abdominal diameter, and body fat) had a positive correlation with triglyceride, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and fasting plasma glucose, while a negative correlation with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, independent of age, years since postmenopause and the level of estradiol.③Body composition indices and critical value of them used to predict the abnormal components of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women were as follows: hypertriglyceridemia: body mass index ≥ 24.845 kg/m~2; low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol: sagittal abdominal diameter ≥ 18.85 cm; hypertension: body mass index ≥ 23.33 kg/m~2; high fasting glucose: sagittal abdominal diameter ≥ 18.10 cm or body fat ≥ 36.515%. CONCLUSION: Central obesity and high fasting glucose are the most common metabolic disorders in postmenopausal women. Obesity is an independent risk factor of metabolic syndrome for postmenopausal women. Body composition indices and their critical values to predict the abnormal components of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women are found.

Objective To investigate the causes, management, and prevention of complications in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 4413 cases of laparoscopic gynecologic surgery from September 1995 to June 2006 in this hoapital. Results Among 4413 cases, complications occurred in 71 cases, the overall rate being 1.6% (71/4413). Out of the 71 cases, an open surgery was required in 10 cases (14.1%). Complications included 5 cases of bladder injury, 4 cases of intestinal injury, 5 cases of massive haemorrhage, 8 cases of incision hematoma and drainage bleeding, 1 case of greater omentum hernia, 9 cases of perineal emphysema, 12 cases of skin congestion, 2 cases of head hematoma, 2 cases of brachial plexus nerve injury, 1 case of infective shock, 15 cases of abnormal incision healing, 1 case of lower limb thrombosis, and 6 cases of residual cervical cyst. Conclusions Complications of laparoscopic gynecologic surgery are correlated with the difficulty of operation and the skillfulness of operator.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of determination of the genotypes in codon 12 and 13 of K-ras oncogene in blood samples of patients with pancreatic carcinoma(PC).Methods Blood samples were obtained from 54 patients with pathologically confirmed PC,and 33 healthy controls.The DNAs were obtained in these samples.and then genotype of K-ras mutation was detected by using the PNA-clamping real-time quantitative PCR.Then the correlation between the K-ras genotypes of blood DNA and the clinical characteristics was analyzed.Results K-ras mutations were found in 74.1%(40/54)of patients with PC.There was no such mutation in control samples.The mutations of K-ras was associated with age,lymph node and vessel invasion.poorly differentiated tumor,CA19-9,while it was not associated with sex,tumor location,size of tumor,clinical staging and pathological type.Conclusions The one-step method was highly sensitive for detecting K-ras mutation in blood samples.Detection of circular blood cells harboring K-ras mutation suggested the tumor was highly invasive with poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Yili dark bee propolis on the main cariogenic biofilm and mechanisms.

METHODSSusceptibilities to the ethanolic extract of propolis against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus), Streptococcus sanguis (S. sanguis), Actinomyces viscosus (A. viscosus), and Actinomyces naeslundii (A. naeslundii) were analyzed by crystal violet stain method to determine the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC). The biofilm was initially cultivated for 24 h. Subsequently, the propolis groups with different concentration MBEC and initial pH 7.0 were cultured for 24 h. Moreover, the pH value was measured to evaluate the acid-producing ability of the tested plaque biofilm. The effects of propolis on the insoluble extracellular polysaccharide synthesis of S. mutans biofilm were evaluated by anthrone method.

RESULTSThe MBEC of Yili propolis on S. mutans, S. sobrinus, S. sanguis, A. viscosus, and A. naeslundii were 6.25, 1.56, 3.13, 0.78, and 0.78 mg.mL-1, respectively. Propolis could decrease the ΔpH of the tested plaque biofilm, and the differences between the control and propolis groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). At MBEC, propolis could reduce the ability of S. mutans in synthesizing insoluble extracellular polysaccharides.

CONCLUSIONYili propolis demonstrate remarkable eradicative effects on the cariogenic plaque biofilm, showing inhibition of the synthesis of biofilm-produced acids and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides.

Objective Searching for natural anticariogenic agent has become a focus at home and abroad.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Yili dark bee propolis on the main cariogenic bacteria . Methods ①The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Yili dark bee propolis on oral common cariogenic bacteria was detected by the liquid diffusion method.②The four different con-centrations lower than MIC were used to confect culture media with pH 7.0 and the normal culture media was used as control group .The pH and the changes of pH (ΔpH) were evaluated to detect the effect of Yili dark bee propolis on acid producing ability of tested bacteria .③The effects of propolis on extracellular polysaccharides synthesis of S.mutans and A.viscosus were evaluated by anthrone method. Results①The MIC of Yili dark bee propolis on S.mutans, S.sobrinus, S.sanguis, L.acidophilus, A.viscosus and A.naeslundii were 0.78, 0.39, 1.56, 0.39, 0.2, 0.2 mg/mL, respectively.The minimum bactericidal concentrations were 1.56, 0.78, 3.125, 0.78, 0.39 and 0.39 mg/mL.②The propolis could decrease theΔpH of tested bacteria, and the differences between propolis groups and control group were statis-tically significant (P<0.05).③The propolis could reduce the ability of S.m and A.viscosus synthtic extracellular polysaccharides at MIC, and the differences were significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Yili propolis could inhibit the growth, acid producing ability and polysac-charides synthesis of the main cariogenic bacteria to some extent, and it could be deemed as a natural anticariogenic agent.

Objective Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is shown to be an important virulence factor resulting in acid production of Streptococcus mutans(S.mutans), on which the cariogenic potential of S.mutans depends.Differences in cariogenic abilities of S.mutans isolates may be determined by genetic heterogeneity from virulent factors.The relationship between enclosed Uyghur children LDH activity or genetic diversity and cariogenicity of S.mutans(serotype c)isolates was studied in this research.MethodsChoose 6 original inhabitants of the countryside from the age of 3 to 5 years old closed Uighur children in kashika.These isolates came from 35 caries-active individuals and 37 caries-free enclosed Uyghur ones, in which 27 strains showed the high LDH activity and 24 strains showed the low LDH activity.Then genetic diversity of PCR products were analyzed or assessed by restriction fragment-length polymorphism(RFLP).Some of amplified LDH genes from different group were sequenced and assayed.ResultsIt is testified that two genotypes A and B of ldh-RFLP were revealed when LDH genes were digested with MseI,but MnlI,DdeI,NlaⅡI and AluI digesting fragments of ldh gene did not show different pattern.Furthermore,Fisher Exact one-Tail Test showed that the proportion of Genotype B strains from caries-active individuals was higher than that from caries-free ones(P<0.05),while the distribution genotypes A,B with different LDH activity was different between two groups(P<0.05),high proportion of the LDH active group genotype B strains than the low activity group.ConclusionThis study indicated that LDH gene of S.mutans strains from Enclosed Uyghur children different individuals is conservative, while there still is the gene mutation in.The ldh genetic diversity may be related to the high caries sensitivity, and closely correlated with the differences in LDH enzyme activity of S.mutansstrains.

The B.subtilis ywtD gene,encoding a ?-polyglutamic acid(?-PGA)depolymerase,was amplified from the genome of B.subtilis NX-2 by PCR.The comparability between the cloned ywtD gene sequence to the reported sequence is high to 99.0%.Only one of the substituted nucleotide base caused the change to the amino acid sequence.The recombinant plasmid pET-15b-ywtD was then transformed into E.coli Rosetta(DE3)and the ywtD gene product could be expressed with the induction of 0.5mmol/L IPTG.The YwtD protein exhibited a remarkable activity in ?-polyglutamic acid degradation.The molecular weight of ?-PGA could be reduced from 700kDa to 20kDa after 72h through the enzymatic hydrolysis and consequently trended to be constant.

Objective To investigate the attentional bias for emotionally faces in subjects with low-trait anxiety when they are under normal or induce-fear emotion.Methods Trait anxiety inquiry(T-AI) were used to evaluate the mental health status of 480 freshman in a university,and 450 valid questionnaires were obtained.Among them,90 students were identified as low trait anxiety.Sixty students from them were randomized into 2 group(n=30) to receive a dot-probe task with emotional face as stimulus.They were asked to judge the target.The attentional bias under normal or fear-induced emotion to the emotionally faces was examined.Results Low trait anxious college students showed attentional avoidance to the negative faces when they were under normal emotion [D=(-11.09?25.40),t=-2.391,P=0.024],and the orientation was significant [OI=(-20.28?22.90),t=-4.850,P0.05].Conclusion Low trait anxious college students have attentional avoidance to negative faces because of orientation,but the avoidance will disappear when they are under fear emotion.

Objective: To design the ribozymes to cleave human TIMP 1 mRNA, and embed them into U 6snRNA to make them stable. Methods: Ribozymes were designed according to the “hammerhead structure” described by Symons.Computer was used to analyze the possible cleavage sites. Results: Three ribozymes targeting the nt123, nt299 and nt353 on TIMP 1 mRNA were designed. Embedding ribozyme in U 6snRNA had little effect on its binding with the substrate. Conclusion: Computer assisted design is indispensable in studying ribozyme. Embedding ribozymes in U 6snRNA may be a good way to solve the problems existing in ribozyme study. [