s:Objective To investigate the critical value of neonatal coagulation and the normal reference range in clinical prac-tice,and make Value of the formulation of clinical treatment programs and prevention of neonatal blood coagulation disor-ders.Methods Collected neonatal specimens of 350 cases from January to June 2016 in the General Hospital Ningxia Medi-cal University,after birth with in 6h,the parameters of plasma coagulation:activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT)clotting time (TT)and fibrinogen (FIB).Made statistics and analysis of all critical information to improve the value of the cases after contact with the telephone registration of neonatology,and critical investigation occurred gestational age children value,birth weight,and critical analysis of the proportion of the value of the proj ect,the distribution of the disease,clinical response and so on.Results Compared with adults and children,four indexes of coagulation levels of newborn were significantly different (t=1.66~2.66,P<0.01),as well as preterm group and term group;additional chil-dren with severe and premature birth or low weight occurs critical the possibility of greater value,and the distribution of high APTT and low FIB profile occured in the most critical values,neonatal jaundice and severe pneumonia was a risk factor critical values outbreak.Overall clinical response rate was 33%,the“answer”and“non response group”in children with in-tracranial hemorrhage of digestive and tract,and the diagnosis rate of statistical results was no significance (χ2=36.68/39, P>0.05).The range of personal critical value of the newborn infant was intended to develop:PT(≤8 s and≥30 s),APTT (≤20 s and ≥90 s)and FIB(≤0.6 g/L and ≥10 g/L).Revised “response rate”,clinicians have increased attention com-pared with the previous increase,reducing the false critical value report incidence.Conclusion The indicators of neonatal co-agulation were different from the adults and children.For the establishment of neonatal blood coagulation parameters refer-ence range,on a regular basis to summary on the clinical data of blood coagulation critical value,and contribute to the devel-opment of suitable critical value standard,and improve the clinical comprehensive diagnosis and treatment level.

AIM:To observe the effect of botulinum neurotoxin type A heavy chain ( BoNT/A HC) on the pat-tern of spinal protein expression by intrathecal injection after spinal cord injury in rats , and to explore the role of BoNT/A HC intervention in spinal protein expression and some of its mechanisms in nerve regeneration after injury .METHODS:The model of unilateral lumbar spinal cord injury was established .The effects of BoNT/A HC intervention at different doses (2 μg, 4 μg, 6 μg and 8 μg) on the general pattern of protein expression in the spinal cord tissues at the injury site and the cranial part adjacent to the injury site was measured and evaluated by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie brilliant blue staining first, and then by two-dimensional SDS-PAGE.RESULTS:The histological structure of the ipsilateral side of lumbar spi-nal cord showed obvious destruction and degradation , mainly affecting both gray and white matter of the left side of the cord.The result of SDS-PAGE with Coomassie brilliant blue staining from injured spinal cord tissue displayed that the ex-pression of some proteins after one-time BoNT/A HC treatment appeared obviously different from that without BoNT /A HC treatment.Moreover, the pattern of the protein expression affected by BoNT/A HC was similar to that of the normal spinal cord.The more detail information from two-dimensional SDS-PAGE indicated that more than 10 proteins with different mo-lecular weight and isoelectronic points were differentially expressed at day 2 and day 20 after local injection of 6μg BoNT/A HC.This altered expression actually appeared a tendency toward the pattern shown in normal group .CONCLUSION:The immediate application of BoNT/A HC at the injury site after unilateral lumbar spinal cord injury is able to affect the pattern of local protein expression .The altered protein expression by injury could be reversed back to normal or approxi -mately normal by local BoNT/A HC administration.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Shen warming Pi strengthening method on expressions of serum T cell subsets (C045+%, C03+%, and C04 +/COB+) in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-0) rats. Methods An IBS-0 rat model was established referring to AL-Chaer's modeling method combined with tail clamp and intragastric administration of sanna leaf. After modeling 30 SO rats were randomly divided into 6 groups according to random digit table, i.e., the model group, the high, middle, low dose Wenshen Jianpi Recipe (WJR) groups, and the Sishen Pill control group, 6 in each group. A normal control group consisting of 6 SO rats were also set up. Rats in high, middle, low dose WJ R groups were administered by gastrogavage with boil-free WJ R at the daily dose of 3. 100, 1. 550, 0. 775 g/kg, respectively. Rats in the Sis hen Pill control group were administered by gastrogavage with boil-free Sis hen Pill at the daily dose of 0. 736 g/kg. Equal volume of normal saline was given by gastrogavage to rats in the model group and the normal control group. All medication lasted for 2 successive weeks. Rats' general state, expressions of T cell subsets (CD45+%, CD3+%, and CD4+ /CDB+) changes were observed.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, expressions of CD45+% and CD3+% increased, but CD4+ /CDB+ decreased with statistical difference (P < 0. 05). Compared with the model group, expressions of CD45+% and CD3+% decreased, but CD4+ ICDB+ increased with statistical difference in high, middle, low dose WJR groups, and the Sis hen Pill control group (P <0. 05). Compared with the Sis hen Pill control group, there was statistical difference in all indices except CD45+ value in the low dose SWPSM group (P <0. 05). Compared with the low dose WJ R group, the expression of CD3+% decreased in high and middle dose WJR groups, and the Sis hen Pill control group; CD4+ /CD8+ increased in the Sishen Pill control group and the high dose SWPSM group (all P < 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSWJR showed better treatment effect. The mechanism of Shen warming Pi strengthening method might be achieved by regulating expressions of CD45+% and CD3+%, and CD4+ /CD8+ ratios.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Female ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; therapy ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism

This study examined the ability of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (β-PGG) to induce the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the PC12 cells and its regulation in the PC12 cells. One week before treatment with the drug, nerve growth factor (NGF) was added to the cultures at a final concentration of 50 ng/mL to induce neuronal differentiation. After drug treatment, HO-1 gene transcription was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Expression of HO-1 and NF-E2-related factor2 (Nrf2) and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt were detected by Western blotting. The viability of the PC12 cells treated with different medicines was examined by MTT assay. The oxidative stress in the PC12 cells was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively by DCFH-DA. The results showed that β-PGG up-regulated HO-1 expression and this increased expression provided neuroprotection against MPP(+)-induced oxidative injury. Moreover, β-PGG induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, which was found to be upstream of β-PGG-induced HO-1 expression, and the activation of ERK and Akt, a pathway that is involved in β-PGG-induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, HO-1 expression and neuroprotection. In conclusion, β-PGG up-regulates HO-1 expression by stimulating Nrf2 nuclear translocation in an ERK- and Akt-dependent manner, and HO-1 expression by β-PGG may provide the PC12 cells with an acquired antioxidant defense capacity to survive the oxidative stress.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathologic features of small gastrointestinal stromal tumors (small GISTs,d ＜ 2.0 cm).Methods Medical records of 95 patients undergoing surgery (endoscopic surgery,thoracoscopic/laparoscropic surgery and open surgery)and diagnosed as having GISTs by pathology and immunohistochemistry in Nanfang hospital from October 2003 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Based on clinical and pathological results,correlation analyses between risk factors for endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) and Mitotic count(MI),clinicopathologic parameter and NIH risk classification were performed.Results Among 95 cases (104 lesions),88 were single,while 7 were multiple;81.7％ (85/104) small GISTs arose from stomach,including 87.1％ (74/85)in middle-upper stomach;5 cases (5.3％) presented calcification of different degrees,3 cases(3.2％) presented local necrosis and 2 cases (2.1％) with arrangement of epithelioid cells;88 cases (92.6％) were very low grade of NIH risk classification,6 cases (6.3％) were intermediate risk and 1 case(1.1％) was high risk.Positive rates of CD34 and CD117 were 95.8％ (91/95) and 96.8％ (92/95) respectively.The risk factors (border,mucosal surface,echo and heterogeneity) of EUS had no correlation with mitotic count(P＞0.05).The correlation analysis between clinicopathologic features and NIH risk classification revealed tumors more than 1.5 cm had a striking correlation with NIH risk classification (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Most small GISTs,single or multiple,located at middle-upper stomach,were of very low or low risk,and have a favorable prognosis.But it has worse biological behavior and a higher grade risk when the diameter is more than 1.5 cm,intervention should be recommended.

OBJECTIVEIBS-D rat model was established to assess the effect of Shen warming Pi strengthening method (SWPSM) for intervening diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) by observing rats' general state, stool properties, AWR ranking, and histopathological changes.

METHODSTotally 72 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, i.e. the normal group, the model group, the high, middle, low dose SWPSM groups, and the control group, 12 in each group. The IBS-D rat model was successfully established referring to AL-Chaer ED's modeling method. After modeling high, middle, and low dose SWPS Recipe boil-free granules were given by gastrogavage to rats in corresponding treatment groups. Sishen Pill boil-free granule was given by gastrogavage to those in the control group. Equal volume of normal saline was given by gastrogavage to rats in the model group. The medication lasted for 2 weeks. Rats' general state, stool properties, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) ranking, and histopathological changes were observed.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the general state of all rats got im- provement to various degrees. The improvement in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups were superior to that in the low dose SWPS Recipe group and the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the growth rate between after and before treatment in each group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group, the defecation amount within 4 h was less in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups and the control group (P < 0.05). The Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stool, ratio of dry stool and wet stool were lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group (P < 0.05). The AWR ranking score was lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group when the volume of balloon dilation was 1.5 mL. There was no organic change of histological or morphological observation.

CONCLUSIONSHigh sensitive IBS-D model was proved to be reliable. SWPSM could reduce the quantity of stools, lower Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stools as well as ratios of dry stool and wet stool, contributing to reducing the high sensitivity of rats' visceral organs to some extent.

Animals ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Background Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is an important cause of visual impairment and graft rejection after allograft corneal transplantation in inflammatory corneal diseases. The mechanisms and therapy relating to CNV are intensely investigated at all times. Objective This study was to evaluate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on CNV induced by alkali cauterization and its mechanism. Methods The animal models of corneal neovasculation were induced in the right eyes in 72 Sprayue-Dawley rats by putting a piece of 3 mmfilter paper with 1 mol/L NaOH at the center of the cornea for 30 seconds. The rats were then divided randomly into the 0.02 mg EPA treatment group (24 rats) ,0.03 mg EPA treatment group (24 rats) ,model group (24 rats) and normal group (6 rats). EPA of 0.04 ml with doses of 0.02 mg or 0. 03 mg or saline solution of 0. 04 ml was injected subconjunctivally in model rats and immediately after cauterization. The presence of CNV and corneal edema were observed daily by slit lamp biomicroscope. 1,4,7 and 14 days after operation, corneal histopathological examination was performed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The vascular endothelial cells were stained with CD34 by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of IL-1α,IL-6 mRNA and the nuclear factor-κBp65 ( NF-κBp65 ) proteins was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. The use of animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by Hebei Province( version 1998 ). Results Under the slit lamp, CNV grew slowly from days 2-4 with obvious corneal edema and defect of epithelium. Larger CNV area and less edema were seen from days 7-10. Maximal vessel growth was observed 14 days after injury with thinner vessels in the model group. Histological examination showed that part of the corneal epithelium was damaged;serious corneal edema, more inflammatory cells and a lot of CNV in the stroma were presented in the model group. However, repairing of the corneal epithelium without CNV ,light corneal edema and less inflammatory cells were found in both the 0. 02 mg EPA and 0. 03 mg EPA treatment groups 7 days after alkali cauterization. The relative area of CNV in the 0. 02 mg EPA treatment group was ( 15.80±6.43 )% and ( 11.06±2. 14)% ,and that in the 0. 03 mg EPA treatment group was (16. 10±7.41 )% and (11.06±2. 51 )%, showing significant reduction in comparison with the model group [ (84. 74±7.77)% and (89.63±7.50) % ] 7 days and 14 days after operation ( P＜0. 05 ). Stronger expression of CD34 in the vascular endothelial cells of the cornea stroma was observed in the model group and an absence of CD34 was observed in the EPA-treated groups on the 7th day. RT-PCR revealed that the expression of IL-1α mRNA and IL-6 mRNA was lower in the EPA treatment groups than the model group ( P＜0. 05 ), and Western blot analysis showed that the expression of NF-κB/p65 in the corneas in the EPA treatment groups was significantly lower than that in the model group on the 4th day after operation (P＜0.05).Conclusion Topical application of EPA suppresses CNV induced by alkali burn possibly by inhibiting the expression of NF-κB,IL-1α and IL-6.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Levosimendan and Qiliqiangxin Capsule in congestive heart failure and influence in serum levels of NT-proBNP and Hcy.Methods 92 cases of patients with congestive heart failure in our hospital from January 2014 to June 2016 were selected and divided into observation group and control group,46 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were treated with Levosimendan on the basis of conventional treatment,and the observation group were treated with Levosimendan and Qiliqiangxin Capsule.Compared the clinical effect,safety,and the change of serum levels of NT-proBNP and Hey before and after treatment.Results The total effective rate of observation group were higher than control group,but the difference was no significant.After treatment,the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),stroke volume (SV) in two groups were significantly higher than that before treatment,the left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) were significantly lower than before treatment (P ＜ 0.05);and the LVEF and SV of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group,LVEDD was significantly lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,serum levels of NT-proBNP and Hey of two groups were significantly better than before (P ＜ 0.05),and the observation group were better than control group (P ＜ 0.05).The difference in the adverse reaction rate was no significant.Conclusion The clinical curative effect of Levosimendan and Qiliqiangxin Capsule in congestive heart failure is distinct,which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients,the cardiac function,serum levels of NT-proBNP and Hcy.

Objective: To observe the effect of the expressive or functional blockage of TRPV1 on nerve regeneration after sciatic trans-section injury. Methods: AMG-517, a kind of TRPV1 inhibitor, was injected into the surrounding area of the ipsilateral lumbar dorsal root ganglia while unilateral sciatic nerve was transected. A total of 24 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: control group, injury only group, injury+ AMG-517 150 μg/kg group, injury+ AMG-517 300 μg/kg group. The injury only group was injected the same volume of medium. The release of CGRP from dorsal-horn of spinal cord, the number of axons at proximal stem of sciatic nerve after transection, and the expression of TRPV1 in dorsal root ganglion were detected using the methods of ELISA, Western blot and semi-thin section (1 μm)- toluidine blue staining 2 weeks after injury. Results: The release of CGRP in lumbar spinal dorsal horn was obviously decreased after AMG-517 treatment, which was the evidence of TRPV1 functional inhibition. CGRP in the control group was 0.15 ng/g, the injury only group 0.17 ng/g, AMG-517 150 μg/kg group 0.09 ng/g, and AMG-517 300 μg/kg group 0.11 ng/g(P<0.01). The number of axons which were myelinated or unmyelinated increased after the TRPV1 was inhibited by AMG-517(P<0.01). In addition, the injection of AMG-517 into surrounding dorsal root ganglion decreased the expression of TRPV1 in dorsal root ganglion(P<0.01). Conclusions Over expression or activation of TRPV1 after periphery nerve injury has negative effect on nerve regeneration in fact; Inhibiting the over-expression or over-activation of TRPV1 after nerve injury facilitates axonal regeneration and nerve repair.

OBJECTIVETo study the significance of cytokine IL-1α and S100β expression in formation and evolution of different types of plaques in Alzheimer's disease.

METHODSThirty-four autopsy cases of Alzheimer's disease encountered during the period from 1982 to 2008 were retrieved from the archival files of Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital. Tissue blocks were taken from hippocampus for dual immunostaining for IL-1α/Aβ and S100β/Aβ.

RESULTSImmunohistochemical studied for IL-1α/Aβ and S100β/Aβ delineated four different types of senile plaques: diffuse non-neuritic plaques, diffuse neuritic plaques, dense-core neuritic plaques and dense-core non-neuritic plaques. The numbers of IL-1α-positive microglias and S100β-positive astrocytes associated with diffuse neuritic plaques were (7.29 ± 3.04) per mm(2) and (6.49 ± 2.20) per mm(2), respectively. In contrast, the numbers of IL-1α-positive microglias and S100β-positive astrocytes associated with diffuse non-neuritic plaques, dense-core neuritic plaques and dense-core non-neuritic plaques were (3.24 ± 1.53) per mm(2) and (4.14 ± 1.77) per mm(2), (2.09 ± 1.37) per mm(2) and (2.25 ± 0.83) per mm(2), and (1.38 ± 0.90) per mm(2) and (0.58 ± 0.36) per mm(2), respectively. The numbers of IL-1α-positive microglias and S100β-positive astrocytes associated with diffuse neuritic plaques were significantly higher than those of the other three types of plaques (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe IL-1α-positive microglias and S100β-positive astrocytes may be of certain significance in transformation of diffuse non-neuritic plaques to diffuse neuritic plaques in Alzheimer's disease.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Astrocytes ; metabolism ; Female ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-1alpha ; metabolism ; Male ; Microglia ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Growth Factors ; metabolism ; Plaque, Amyloid ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism