Objective To evaluate the results of using focus clearance and morselized bone graft to treat a well-fixed socket osteolysis after total hip arthroplasty (THA) during cementless acetabular revisions.Methods From March 2006 to March 2009, 23 patients (23 hips) who had an acetabular revision hip arthroplasty of well-fixed socket for osteolysis were retrospectively reviewed, including 13 males and 10 females with an average age of 46.6 years (range, 39-54), and the mean interval from primary to revision THA was 5.5 years (range, 4.6-7.4). The preoperative Harris hip score was 74. The operative technique included debridement of soft tissues with removal of granulomata and packed tightly with morselized cancellous allograft through ilioinguinal approach, and exchanging the liner and femoral head through the posterior-lateral approach of the hip. Results The mean duration of follow-up after revision was 28 months (range, 8-38). At final follow-up, all hip were functioning well and the average Harris hip score was 93.8. Osteogenesis in bone graft were well-developed in 16 patients. Twelve bone grafts were completely incorporated into surrounding bone through creeping substitution. All acetabular components remain radiographically well-fixed and no loosening and shifting. There were no new osteolytic lesions, ectopic ossification, deep venous thrombosis, hip dislocation or infection during follow-up. Conclusion Our revision strategies included debridement and bone grafting, a revision of femoral heads and polyethylene liner and retention of the cups and femoral stems. The method can reduce the amount of the wear particle from polyethylene. The short-term outcome is excellent.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the short-term clinical effects of the two-stage cementless total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of chronic infection after the internal fixation of the adult proximal femoral fracture.Methods From June 2006 to June 2011,9 patients who had suffered a chronic infection after an internal fixation of the proximal femoral fracture,including 8 males and 1 female,aged from 31 to 74 years (average,52.6 years),were treated with two-stage cementless total hip arthroplasty.There were 3 cases of femoral neck fracture,and 6 cases of intertrochanteric fracture.In the first stage,after surgical debridement and thorough removal of all the implants,an antibiotic-loaded cement spacer was implanted.All patients postoperatively underwent intravenous and oral antibiotics,and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were tested.When the values of ESR and CRP become normal,the second stage operation using cementless components was performed.Results The presence of infection was confirmed by a positive culture of joint fluid obtained intraoperatively in two cases;one case was staphylococcus aureus and another one was staphylococcus epidermidis.The second stage arthroplasty was performed 6-14 months (average,9 months) after the first stage operation.All 9 patients were followed up for an average of 23.2 months (range,6 to 50 months).No recurrent infection,component loosening,bone osteolysis and cement spacer or component dislocation occurred.The Harris score improved from 74.6 (range,64 to 86) before the first stage operation to 90.9 (range,86 to 97) at the final follow-up.Conclusion The two-stage cementless total hip arthroplasty is an effective strategy for the treatment of chronic infection after the internal fixation of the adult proximal femoral fracture.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the diagnosis and treatment of the extra-articular inflammatory pseudotumor after well-fixed metal-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods From March 2006 to June 2011,7 patients (7 hips) who presented with a progressive pain and/or swelling,discomfort in groin or upper thigh after metal-polyethylene THA were admitted to our hospital.There were 2 males and 5 females,with an average age of 48.8 years (range,32-65 years).All 7 patients were identified with a periprosthetic osteolysis at the acetabular and/or femoral components and a mass in the iliac fossa or the thigh; however,the components were all well-fixed.The masses were confirmed by CT scanning and/or ultrasound examination.The revision procedures were done through ilioinguinal approach and posterior-lateral approach,and the pseudotumors were excised and osteolytic lesions were debrided and packed tightly with morselized cancellous allograft.The liner and femoral head were also exchanged at the same time.Clinical and radiographic outcomes of revision THA were evaluated.Results All 7 patients were followed up for 3-42 months (average,30 months).At final follow-up,all hips were functioning well and the average Harris hip score was 92.4.All acetabular components remained radiographically well-fixed.All cavitary defects had complete radiographic incorporation of the bone grafts.There were no new pseudotumor or osteolytic lesions identified,and no revision of the components.Conclusion The presence of abdominal or pelvic pseudotumor in patient with a THA may be associated with polyethylene wear.Once the extra-articular pseudotumor and the periprosthetic osteolysis are identified,the surgical treatment,including pseudotumor excise,osteolytic lesion debride and bone defect grafting and bearing surface exchange,can achieve retention of well-fixed components.

HSP90, which is the biomarker of cell stress and endogenous protective protein, functions as a molecular chaperone. Many client proteins of HSP90, including EGFR, Met, Raf-1, IKK and p53, play important roles in the occurrence and development of tumor. Binding of HSP90 inhibitors triggers the deactivation of HSP90, resulting in client protein degradation, and hence inhibits the tumor growth by blocking multiple targets involved in signaling of tumor proliferation. This review summarizes recent development of small molecule inhibitors bound to N-terminal of HSP90.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Signal Transduction

Objective To analysis the influence of component design and related surgical technique on knee range of motion (ROM) after total knee replacement using Innex knee system. Methods Between September 2003 and December 2005, 88 patients with 98 knees had consecutively undergone posterior cruciate-sacrificing TKA with Innex systems. The posterior condylar offset, post-operative tibial slope and knee ROM were measured in 63 patients (70 knees). The relationship of the change in posterior condylar offset and postoperative tibial slope with knee ROM was assessed using a scatterplot graph and Pearson's regression analysis. According to change of posterior condylar offset, which was measured by postoperative minus preoperative posterior condylar offset, patients were divided into 4 groups. The preoperative body mass index,flexion contracture, knee ROM, HSS score and the postoperative knee ROM of four groups were evaluated.Results The mean knee ROM had improved from 96.2°±11.9° preoperative to 109.8°±13.0° at final followup. The mean pre- and post-operative posterior condylar offset was (24.0±3.5) mm and (24.5±3.3) mm, respectively. The mean postoperative tibial slope was 5.5°±1.8°. There was statistical correlation between the difference in the posterior condylar offset and the change in knee ROM after TKA and no correlation between the postoperative tibial slope and knee ROM postoperatively. The preoperative body mass index, flexion contracture, knee ROM, HSS score did not show difference among four groups. There was a statistically difference in postoperative knee ROM among groups. Conclusion Restoration of posterior condylar offset is important to the maximum range of postoperative knee ROM when Orthopedic surgeons perform TKA with Innex systems.There was no correlation between the postoperative tibial slope and postoperative ROM.

Objective To investigate the methods of reducing radiation dose in CT coronary angiography through optimizing individualized scan dosage protocol.Methods Two hundred patients (group A)underwent coronary CTA examination which was performed with fixed 120 kV and variable mA according to their BMI.The mA was set as 150-300 mA(BMI ＜ 18.5 kg/m2),300-500 mA (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ＜ 25.0 kg/m2),and 500-800 mA(BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2).When all examinations were finished,a linear regression was employed to analyze the correlation between mA and BMI,body surface(Suf),image noise(SD)respectively.The results of the analysis were used to formulate a regression equation,which was further used to establish a table list for quick search on how much mA that individualized coronary CTA scan would need.Another 200 patients(group B)enrolled for the individualized scan were scanned under new protocol that previous study established.The tube voltage was 100 and 120 kV.The tube current was variable according to the data in the table list.One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-wallis H test were used for statistics.Results Regression equation between mA and BMI,Suf,SD was:mA =17.984 × BMI + 169.149 × Suf-2.282 × SD-361.039.The SD(group A:32.08 ± 5.80,group B:28.60±4.47),dose index volume(CTDIvol)[group A:(41.97 ± 11.37)mGy,group B:(33.18±10.07)mGy],effective dose(ED)[group A:(10.91 ±3.07)mSy,group B:(8.83 ±2.72)mSv]had significant differences between the two groups(F =43.45,63.71,49.07 respectively,P ＜0.01 for all).The SD and ED results obtained in group B were better than those in group A.Conclusion Better performances were obtained when BMI combined Suf was used as a new individualized protocol than when BMI was used only,which means good image quality and lower radiation dosage in coronary CTA examination.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of computer-aided acetabular evaluating and operation designing before total hip arthroplasty (THA) for Crowe Ⅳ developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).MethodsFrom March 2011 to October 2011,10 patients (13 hips) diagnosed as DDH (Crowe Ⅳ) underwent THA.Before operation,all 10 patients underwent three dimensional (3D) CT scanning and the information was inputted into the Superlmage system to reconstitute the 3D anatomic models of pelvis and acetabulum.Then the position and size of the true acetabulum,the thickness of the anterior and posterior columns,and the degree of bone defect were evaluated or measured exactly with computer assisted design(CAD) software.After inputting the information of the test model of the acetabulum and material for repairing bone defect into the CAD software,the implantation of the acetabular prosthesis was simulated to determine the size and position of the acetabular prosthesis.Then the bone defect was evaluated after implantation of the acetabulum to perform simulation test of restoration of bone defect.Eventually,orthopedic surgery was performed precisely.ResultsThe size of acetabular prosthesis implanted in the operation was coincident with that got by preoperative computer aided technology in 9 patients(12 hips),and one acetabular prosthesis was larger than that designed preoperatively.All the cups were implanted in the anatomic acetabular location.The bone defect in the acetabular roof was reconstructed with tantalum augments in 4 hips,with Harris autograft using autologous femoral head in 7 hips,which were coincident with that designed preoperatively.ConclusionThe preoperative CAD is useful in THA for Crowe Ⅳ DDH,because it can exactly evaluate the developmental condition of the true acetabulum.

Objective To evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes associated with total hip arthroplasty (THA) using metal-on-metal prosthesis with large diameter femoral head.Methods From October 2007 to December 2007,41 patients (49 hips) underwent large diameter femoral head metal-on-metal THA in our hospital were involved in this study.Clinical outcomes measures were Harris score,hip range of motion and incidence of complications.Abduction angle and anteversion angle of cup were measured on radiological films.The radiolucent line and osteolysis around the prosthesis were also recorded.Results Thirty-nine patients (47 hips) were followed up at least 2 years.The average Harris hip score had improved from (43.8±13.1) points preoperatively to (92.0±5.4) points at final follow-up.All the patients had attained satisfactory results.No late complication happened.For the rang of motion at final follow-up:flexion of the hip had improved from 79.8° to 113.2°,abduction had improved from 20.9° to 40.2°,external rotation had improved from 12.0° to 30.8°.Radiological measurement showed the mean abduction angle of cup was 39.5°±4.9°,the mean anteversion angle of cup was 14.5°±2.1°.No radiolucent line and osteolysis were found after THA.Conclusion The short-term effects of THA using metal-on-metal prosthesis with large diameter femoral head is encouraging,especially for young patients.

Objective To investigate the perioperative management,coagulation factor regulation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for hemophilia arthritis and evaluate its short-term clinical efficacy.Methods A retrospective study was performed in hemophilia arthritis patients who had undergone TKA from March,2009 to March,2014.Patients with type A hemophilia received Lyophilized Human Factor Ⅷ,and type B hemophilia patients received Prothrombin Complex.Perioperative accurate dosage of coagulation factor was determined by preliminary test.AORI T1,T2 bone defects were filled with PMMA,and severe contained AORI T3 defects were fixed with impaction allograft and screws,and for non-contained AORI T3 bone defects,structural allografts and stem extension may be considered.Knee function was evaluated by HSS score,and imaging change was evaluated by anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of knee at latest follow-up.Results Eight patients (10 knees) were included with a mean age of 38.3±5.0 years,in which 6 were type A,and the other 2 were type B.Preoperative APTT was 63.9±4.0 s,and coagulation factor activity was 2.6％±0.9％.All the patients had flexion deformity with extension of-12.0°±5.9° and flexion of-88.0°± 11.4°.Three patients (3 knees) had valgus deformity with-3.0°±5.4°,and 2 patients (4 knees) had varus deformity with-4.5°±6.0°.All the 8 patients were followed for a mean of 14.3 months.The range of motion was improved with 0°-98.5°±6.7° at latest follow-up,and the postoperative HSS score was 88.3±4.6 compared with 42.3±10.9 preoperatively.Bone-grafting was survival,and no loosening of prosthesis or screws were detected from X-ray at latest follow-up.Conclusion The early results of TKA in Hemophilia arthritis patients are satisfactory.Preoperative preliminary test was helpful to determine the accurate dosage of coagulation factor.A stable high level of coagulation factor was vital to control bone-cement bleeding and make prosthesis stable.Tibial bone defects involving ＜ 1/3 area and ＜ 1 cm in depth could be filled with PMMA,and impaction allograft and screws could be used to fix severe contained bone defects.For segmental bone defects,except of structural allograft,stem extension was recommended to reduce stress and increase stability.

Objective To determine medium-term curative effect of extensively coated non-modular femoral stems in twostage infection revision after joint replacement.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 33 patients (33 hips) who had a two-stage infection revision after total hip replacement arthroplasty from March 2005 to December 2006.Among of them,there were 20 men (20 hips) and 13 women (13 hips).Their mean age was 66.1±7.2 years with a range from 52 to 80.The two-stage revision protocol consisted of joint prosthesis taken out in the first stage,thorough debridement,hand-molded antibiotic bone cement spacer,and two-stage joint revision after anti-infective therapy.Anti-infective therapy included intravenous antimicrobial therapy for 4 weeks and oral antibiotics for 6 weeks.Harris hip score (HHS) was used to evaluate functions of hip joint.X-ray films were used to perform clinical and radiological evaluations of prosthesis stability,displacement and looseness.Reinfection criteria were the same as the criteria used to diagnose the joint infection.Results Follow-up visit was carried out for all patients for 5-9 years (6.1±1.7 years on the average).No infection or prosthesis looseness happened after two-stage revision.Microculture of samples taken during two-stage revision or pathological examination was negative.Harris hip joint score rose to 89.1 ±8.5 in the last follow-up visit from preoperative 42.3±6.5.30 patients achieved stable bone ingrowths and the remaining three had stable fibrous ingrowths.Impacted bone graft at acetabulum side for 11 patients and all impacted bone graft in marrow cavity were fused well with the host bones.Allogeneic cortical bone plate grafts were used in 10 hips on the femoral side.Nine of these cortical bone plates fused with the host bones after postoperative 1 year,whereas one fused after 2 years.Conclusion Using extensively coated non-modular femoral stems combined with intramedullary allograft in two-stage revision for treating infection can achieve satisfactory medium-term survival rate of prosthesis and infection clearance rate.