Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of tumor of the head of pancreas(THP). Methods The clinical data of 277 cases of THP were restrospectively reviewed. All patients were diagnosed by US,CT, gastroenteric barium meal and /or operation. A comparison was made in 80 cases , who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy were divided into group A(41 patients operated during1982-1995) and group B(39 patients operated after January,1996) . Results 194 patients underwent surgical treatment,including explore laparotomy in 28,bilioenterostomy or T tube drainage in 86,pancreatoduodenectomy(PTD) in 80.Among 80 cases treated with PTD, the operation time,blood loss volume and blood transfusion volume during operation, and serious postoperative complication occurring rate in group A were significantly higher than those in group B(all P 0.05 ).The follow up results were as follows:the average survival time was (4.07 ?1.80) months in patients with bile external drainage, and (8.28 ?2.31) months in hepatojejunostomy,(P

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and the features of brain MRI and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in adult Chinese patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.Methods We reviewed the clinical manifestations,brain MRI and CSF examinations of 29 patients who were diagnosed as anti-NMDAR encephalitis.Results The major clinical features of anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients included psychiatric symptoms (86％,25/29),seizures (83％,24/29),decreased consciousness (55％,16/29),involuntary movements (55％,16/29),central hypoventilation (34％,10/29),and hypersalivation (17％,5/29).Some patients also experienced autonomic instability,hemiplegia and aphasia.Underlying ovarian teratoma was identified in 14％ of affected patients(4/29).Brain MRI was found abnormal in up to 62％ patients (18/29),located in the temporal lobes,hippocampus,thalamus,brain stem,cingulate gyrus,frontal and parietal cortex,corpus callosum,internal capsule,basal ganglia and periventricular area.CSF findings were abnormal in 83％ of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.Oligoclonal banding in CSF was positive in 95％ patients (19/20).The recurrence rate during 3 years was 31％ (9/29).Conclusions Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is a treatable disease,yet with high recurrence rate.Its predominant clinical features are psychiatric symptoms and seizures,while involuntary movements,central hypoventilation and hypersalivation are its characteristic manifestations.Lesions in MRI are widespread,not only restricted to limbic lobe.

[Abstratc] Objective The function of cIAP1 in the progression of ovarian cancer has not been clarified . This study is to explore the involvement of cIAP 1 in regulating biological behaviors of ovarian cancer cells by u-sing RNA interference(RNAi)technology.Mte hods The short hairpin RNA plasmid targeting cIAP1 was con-structed and transfected into Skov 3 cells.The levels of cIAP1 mRNA and protein were investigated by RT -PCR and Western Blot respectively .MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate cell proliferation and apopto-sis.R esults The rate of cIAP1 transfection was 74.7%performed by flow cytometric analysis .cIAP1 expression was significantly down -regulated at both mRNA and protein levels ,which resulted in a decrease of cell prolifera-tion and invasion capability in vitro .Conclusion This study implies that cIAP 1 might play an important role in the progression of ovarian cancer ,and it could be a potential target for therapeutic anti -cancer drugs .

Objective To investigate the clinical value of computer-assisted operation planning system for precise hepatectomy.Methods The clinical data of 45 patients who had undergone precise hepatectomy at General Hospital of PLA from November 2006 to November 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.The 3-dimensional imaging of liver was constructed by computer-assisted operation planning system,and the anatomic relationship between hepatic vasculature and tumor Was analyzed.Volume of hepatic segments,total liver volume,tumor volume,predicted resection volume and the remnant liver volume were calculated before operation.Virtual liver resection was performed in order to select the best operative procedure.The predicted resection volume Was compared with the hepatic segment resected.All data were analyzed by t test,Pearson rank correlation analysis and chi-square test.Results The predicted resection volume calculated based on the 2-dimensional imaging was similar to that calculated based on the 3-dimensional imaging(t=2.125,P>0.05).The three-grade branches of the hepatic artery,portal vein and hepatic vein were clearly shown in the computer-assisted operation planning system.The anatomic relationship between tumor and adjacent vessels was quantitatively analyzed.There was a positive correlation between the predicted resection volume and the resected liver volume(r=0.999,P<0.05),and the error rate Was 5.1%.All patients received anatomical hepatectomy,and the incidence of postoperative complications was 20%(9/45).No liver failure or perioperative mortality was observed.Conclusion Computer-assisted operation planning system may facilitate and promote precise hepatectomy.

Objective To explore the effect of postasphyxial-serum in neonate on the expressions of Bcl-2-antagonist of cell death(BAD)and Bcl-2-associated X protein(BAX)in renal tubular cells(HK-2).Methods HK-2 cells were used as target cells.The experiment were divided into control group,asphyxia group and pyrrolodine dithiocarbamate(PDTC)blocking group.Control group:DMEM culture fluid was not contained asphyxia blood serum in every group;asphxia group:DMEM culture fluid contained 20 mL/L asphyxia blood serum in every group;PDTC blocking group:DMEM culture fluid contained 20 mL/L asphyxia blood serum and 40 ?mol/L PDTC in every group.The expressions of both BAD and BAX on cytoplast were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results Calculated Points according to HSCORE,compared with controls group[(1.97?0.26)and(1.77?0.11)],after stimulated with postasphyxial-serum,the expressions of both BAD and BAX of HK-2 cells of asphyxia group[(2.73?0.20)and(2.44?0.13)] and PDTC blocking group[(2.38?0.13)and(2.17?0.08)] significantly increased[F(BAD)=28.61,F(BAX)=15.51 Pa

Conjunctiva goblet cells are spread out within a stratified epithelium, and keep ocular surface homeostasis by secreting mucin.Previous research has shown conjunctiva goblet cells can secret mucin, remove debris and modulate ocular surface immune function.In this review, we will focus on biological characteristics of conjunctiva goblet cells and the effect of key factors SAM pointed domain Ets factor(SPDEF) on differentiation and function of conjunctiva goblet cells, and further understand relationship between goblet cells and eye health.

Objective To evaluate the expression of human vascular endothelial cell growth factors 165 (hVEGF165) gene transfected into fibroblasts by recombinant adenovirus and study the repairing effect of this cells on radiated skin ulcer in rats.Methods The recombinant adenovirus with hVEGF165 was established and transfected to rat primary fibroblasts, and its expression of hVEGF165 in fibroblasts was identified with real-time PCR, immunocytochemistry and Western blot.Twenty four clean grade SD rats of were irradiated locally with 50 Gy γ rays to generate an animal model of radiation skin injury.The hVEGF165-transfected cells were injected to the irradiated site under rat skin 7 d post-irradiation.The therapeutic effects on the irradiated skin wound were evaluated through general observation as well as histological staining of HE.The expression of hVEGF in the irradiated skin tissue with fibroblasts injection was analyzed by Real-time PCR.Results The hVEGF165 gene was overexpressed in the transfected cells and approached to 88 373-fold bigger compared to controls transfected with blank vectors, and an extensive expression of VEGF in the cytoplasm of transfected cells was observed by immunohistochemistry.VEGF protein with the relative molecular mass of 23 000 was also detected in cell lysate by Western blot.The local skin ulcers in rats occurred about two weeks after irradiation.In the hVEGF165-transfected group, the average area of radiation-injured skin was 40.2 mm2, about 57％ less than that of the control group transfected with blank vectors so that the healing time was shorten by 6 days.The relative concentration of hVEGF mRNA in the skin tissue of rats injected with hVEGF165-transfected cells were 5.15-fold and 4.15-fold bigger compared to that of controls (t =3.385,3.220, P ＜ 0.05) at 3 and 7 d after administration.Conclusions The primary fibroblasts transfected with hVEGF165 gene could efficiently release VEGF to the irradiated skin tissue and promote the recovery of irradiation skin ulcers by shortening the healing time and thus enhanced the therapeutic effect on skin wounds.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the gene of diacylglycerol kinase κ (DGKK) in hypospadias in Chinese children.

METHODSWe performed direct sequencing on 2 hypospadias-related candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms of the DGKK gene (rs1934179 and rs7063116, never previously reported in the Chinese population) from 300 children with sporadic hypospadias and 200 healthy controls, and compared the results between the two groups.

RESULTSThe mutation frequencies of rs1934179 and rs7063116 were 5.0% (15/300) and 5.67% (17/300) respectively in the hypospadias patients, significantly higher than 1.5% (3/200) and 2.0% (4/200) in the normal controls (P <0.05). The mutation frequencies of rs1934179 and rs7063116 in the cases of distal and middle hypospadias were also remarkably higher (6.5%, [13/200] and 7.5% [15/200], P <0.05), but those in the proximal cases (both 2.0% [2/100]) showed no statistically significant difference from the control (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphisms of the DGKK gene may be associated with hypospadias, particularly distal and middle hypospadias, in Chinese children.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; China ; Diacylglycerol Kinase ; genetics ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; enzymology ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

BACKGROUNDOlfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) can promote many kinds of neuron growth and axonal extension. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of co-culturing with OECs on neuron apoptosis in vitro.

METHODSApoptosis was induced by treatment of cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons with 1 mmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). Cells were randomly arranged into the following treatment groups. In group 1, OECs at different density (10(4)/ml to 8 x 10(5)/ml) were added immediately after H(2)O(2) treatment and cells were co-cultured for 24 hours. In group 2, OECs were added at different time points (0, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours) after H(2)O(2) treatment. Apoptotic cell death was determined by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry (FCM). Cell viability was determined by using methyl thiazoleterazolium (MTT) assays.

RESULTSThe results showed in the Hoechest 33258 staining, FCM and MTT that OECs have both the density-dependent protection and time-dependent protection on neuron apoptosis. The apoptosis decreased and the dorsal root ganglion neuron viability increased, when the density of OECs was increased in co-culture groups. But further increasing OEC density above 2 x 10(5)/ml (i.e. 8 x 10(5)/ml) failed to exert additional protection. As the interval between adding H(2)O(2) and adding OECs was increased, the amounts of apoptosis cells were also increased. When OECs were added 24 hours after H(2)O(2), no significant protection was observed.

CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that OECs could protect dorsal root ganglion neurons from apoptosis induced by H(2)O(2) in a density- and time-dependent manner.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Ganglia, Spinal ; cytology ; drug effects ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; toxicity ; Male ; Olfactory Bulb ; cytology ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between overweight/obesity, smoking, alcohol drinking and the stroke in Chinese residents, as to providing a scientific foundation to the causal prophylaxis of stroke.

METHODSApplying a meta-analysis with software of RevMan 4.2.9 version to systematically analyze the references in dealing about the relationship between overweight/obesity, smoking, alcohol drinking and the stroke in China during 1999 to 2006.

RESULTSSix, six and six articles dealing about overweight/obesity, smoking, alcohol drinking and the stroke were searched respectively. Incorporated by fix effect model, random effect model and random effect model after the heterogeneity tests, the values of OR were 1.81 (95% CI: 1.40-2.35), 1.22 (95% CI:1.08-1.37) and 1.19 (95% CI:1.03-1.38). After Z tests, the Z values were performed with 4.52, 3.24 and 2.36 respectively (all the P values were less than 0.05). Additionally, the funnel plots were protracted and the sensibility analysis was performed.

CONCLUSIONSThe publication biases were little and the results were creditable. The overweight/obesity, smoking and alcohol drinking in residents in China should be the risk factors of the stroke.

Alcohol Drinking ; adverse effects ; epidemiology ; Body Mass Index ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Obesity ; complications ; epidemiology ; Overweight ; complications ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; epidemiology ; Stroke ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Waist-Hip Ratio