Electric fields have special biological effects for its heating and non-heating effects. Heating effects are about the technology of radio frequency and microwave thermotherapy while non-heating effects are alternating electric field and pulsed electric field. These electric fields have significant effects for tumor treating.

Objective:This research is to observe the immunity state of lung cancer by radiotherapy in sync with chemotherapy combined with pingxiao capsule,and to evaluate the effect on the immune function and the existence qualitative of pingxiao capsule in lung cancer.Method:Sixty lung cancer patients were parted into two groups at random,one is simple radiotherapy in sync with chemotherapy,the other is radiotherapy in sync with chemotherapy combined with pingxiao capsule.All the two groups were carried out T-cell subgroup experiment at the beginning and three weeks after the therapy.Results:After therapy CD3,CD4 and CD4/CD8 all indicates significant lower level(P

Girdin protein is a kind of actin binding protein,which has the complex molecular structure and takes part in a variety of signaling pathways related with causing cancer.The biological characteristics of Gir-din protein have close association with the proliferation and invasion of malignant tumor.Recent studies have shown that Girdin protein is closely related with occurrence and progress of breast cancer.Girdin protein expres-sion in breast cancer cells can not only promote the progress of breast cancer,but also affect the lymph node me-tastasis and prognosis.Therefore Girdin protein is expected as an independent biomarker to provide a new direc-tion for breast cancer treatment.

Objective To explore the relationship between age-related cerebral white matter changes (ARWMC) and cognitive function, observe the features of cognitive impairment in ARWMC patients, and provide evidences for preventing and treating cognitive impairment in elderly people.Methods Fifty patients with ARWMC were divided into mild-to-moderate group (n= 26, ARWMC score 1-10) and severe group (n= 24, ARWMC score＞ 10) based on the ARWMC scale of CT/MRI scans. Twenty healthy elderly people, who underwent physical examination in hospital, were selected as control group. The cognitive function was evaluated using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA,Beijing version). Cognitive functions were compared between patients with ARWMC at different extents and the controls. The correlation between severity of ARWMC and cognitive function, the characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with ARWMC were analyzed. Results The cognitive function in patients with ARWMC was impaired significantly (the MoCA scores were 26.60±1.23 in control group, 23. 19±2. 62 in mild-to-moderate group and 19.83±3. 09 in sever group, F =39. 930, P = 0. 000). The severity of ARWMC was negatively related with MoCA score (r =-0. 476, P=0. 000). The patients showed cognitive impairment especially in the visuoconstructional and executive functions (F= 13. 189, P＜0.05), delayed recall (F=32.340, P＜0.05) and orientation (F= 15.813, P＜0. 05). Conclusions ARWMC is related with cognitive impairment.The severity of white matter changes is correlated with worse cognitive function.

Objective To explore the role of hemoglobin (Hb) level in mortality and morbidity of chronic kidney disease (CKD)patients,aiming to give some evidence for therapy of anemia.Methods Randomized,clinical trials (RCTs) were identified by searching Medline,Embase and the Cochrane library.All the analyses were performed using the Revman software available free from the Cochrane collaboration.Results Twenty-three trials involving 10 204 patients were identified.Overall,the high Hb target was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR=1.10,95％ CI 1.00 to 1.21),hypertension (RR=1.40,95％ CI 1.12 to 1.75),stroke and hospitalization (RR=1.07,95％ CI 1.00 to 1.14) compared with low Hb target (P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in the risks of non-fatal mycardial infarction (RR=1.13,95％ CI 0.79 to 1.62) and renal replacement therapy (RR =1.00,95％ CI 0.85 to 1.18).Conclusions Targeting low Hb target is beneficial to CKD patients based on reduced risk of hypertension,hospitalization,stroke and all-cause mortality.However,no significant difference is found in non-fatal mycardial infarction and renal replacement therapy.

AIM:To investigate the validity of Rorschach inkblot method (RIM) in personality research by calculating the correlation of RIM with 16 personality factor questionnaire (16 PF).METHODS: Totally 70 undergraduates participated in the examination with RIM and 16 PF, then the correlations of all the variables of two measuring techniques were calculated. Standard score of comprehensive system was used in RIM.RESULTS: Some important Rorschach variables were correlated significantly with 16PF factors, and the correlations are consistent with their meaning. Some variables correlated with 16PF factors but were irrelevant in meaning.CONCLUSION: The results support the validity of RIM in personality study, and they also demonstrate that comprehensive system cannot well annotate RIM, but the meaning of some variables should be further researched.

BACKGROUND: Item response theory (IRT) is widely used in the westem world, but its use for non-cognitive measurement has been very limited in China. It is necessary to explore whether IRT is applicable in non-cognitive settings and find the optimal model.OBJECTIVE: To find the optimal IRT model for self-report questionnaire analysis with the instance of emotional competence scale (ECS) and compare the effectiveness of different models in light of model data fitting and the volume of information provision.DESIGN: A comparative study of different psychometric models tested with the same data set.SETTING: Shandong Laiwu Vocational and Technical College; Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 617 college students of Shandong Normal University (311 males and 306 females)and 564 senior high school students of the 17 Laiwu High School (283 males and 281females) participated in the study during May 2004.METHODS: Emotional competence scale (ECS) was adopted for psychometric measurement for 5-point Likert-type items. The scale was divided into 9 subscales, namely impulse control, empathy, persistency, interpersonal intimacy, social skills, emotional regulation, emotional stability, sense of responsibility, and self-confidence. One-parameter, two-parameter and three-parameter logistic model and grade response model were used for analysis of the 9 subscales, followed by goodness of fit test (analogous to Chi-square test) and comparison of the measurement precision (reliability)of the three models.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Log-likelihood ratio, average χ2 statistics and average volume of information when one-parameter, two-parameter and three-parameter Logistic model.RESULTS: Totally 1 220 questionnaires were handed out and 1 181 with valid answers were obtained. Comparison of the 3 logistic model showed that the two-parameter logistic model had the least log-likelihood with the least items whose mean square residual error were greater than 2, and the volume of test information was greater than that provided by one-parameter model and no less than the three-parameter model. Therefore, the two-parameter logistic model was the best for 2-point scoring model. But the measurement precision of two-parameter Logistic model was lower than that of multi-grade response model.CONCLUSION: When 2-point items are adopted in self-report questionnaire, 2-parameter logistic model can be applied but not 1- or 3-parameter Logistic models. But when the questionnaire uses items that have more than 2 response grades, the measurement precision can be better than that of 2-point data. Merge of the options for the items may result in lowered measurement precision.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of hyperglycemia in patients admitted to medical intensive care units(MICU)on their prognosis.MethodsMedical records of 1016 patients,including 126 cases of known diabetes,359 cases with newly diagnoses hyperglycemia,and 531 normoglycemic cases,admitted to MICU in Wuhan University People's Hospital during September 2006 to September 2007 were reviewed to compare their case-fatality,length of hospital stay,length of MICU stay,mechanical ventilation,blood transfusion and antibiotics use.ResultsIn.hospital case-fatality was 22.8%(82/359)in patients with newly-diagnosed hyperglycemia.significantly higher than that in patients with known diabetes of 12.7% (16/126)and in normoglyeemic cases of 5.1%(27/531)(P＜0.01),and that Was higher in those with diabetes than those with normal blood glucose level(P=0.002).Proportions of patients who needed mechanical ventilation,blood transfusion,antibiotics use was higher in newly diagnosed hyperglycemia group than those in the other two groups.ConclusionsHyperglycemia represents an important mal'ker of poor clinical outcomes and mortality in patients admitted tO MICU.Patients with newly diagnosed hyperglycemia had a significantly higher case-fatality and poorer outcomes than those with known diabetes or normoglyeemia.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of a 3-pulmonary vein (PV) isolation approach in treating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods Radiofrequency catheter ablation was used to eliminate PV potential in 11 patterns with frequent paroxysmal AF refractory to anti-arrhythmic agents. During sinus rhythm, PV potential was mapped in the left and right superior PVs and left inferior PV. The procedural success was defined as the elimination of PV potential in the 3 PVs. Restults PV potential was identified and abolished in a total of 24 PVs, mostly in the left and right superior PV. There was no pulmonary stenosis or other complications during or after the procedures. AF recurred in one patient after an average of 12 ± 3 month follow-up. Conclusions PV potemials were present mostly in the left or right superior PV. The 3-PVs isolation approach is safe and effective in preventing drug-resistant paroxysmal AF.

Objective To observe the effect of transperineal injection of botulin A toxin on patients with detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia caused by spinal cord injury. Methods Transperineal injection of botulin A toxin were performed in 6 patients with spinal cord injury (3 with cervical spinal cord injury and 3 with thoraco-lumbar spinal cord injury) complicated by detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia.55 U of botulin A toxin was injected twice separately. The interval between 2 injections was 3 days.Before treatment, the residual volume of urine after voiding was determined and the maximum urethral pressure was measured by urodynamic testing.One month after treatment the examination mentioned above was repeated. Results The decrease in residual volume of urine was (133.3?70.9)ml.The decrease in maximum urethral pressure was (35.4?25.8)cmH 2O(both P