Objective: To study the diterpenes in the roots of Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx. Methods: The constituents of R. japonica var. glaucocalyx were separated and purified with chromatographic methods, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Results: Two compounds were isolated from the roots of R. japonica var. glaucocalyx, and they were identified as glaucocalyxoside (1) and inflexuside A (2). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new abietane diterpene glycoside named glaucocalyxoside, and compound 2 is isolated from R. japonica var. glaucocalyx for the first time.

Since Gibbon designed the first heart lung bypass machine in cats in 1937, Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has improved a great deal and has developed tremendously. But there are still many complications including hematologic, renal, cardiac, neurologic, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal dysfunctions associated with this brilliant technique. Research of the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of CPB has progressed with the aid of a number of investigative techniques and models, both animal and human. Large animal models have been, and remain, extremely valuable for the study of "full-scale" technologies, particularly prior to clinical application. However, the expenses are too large, and the managements of animals are too difficult in the perioprative period. A preclinical model of CPB for small animals is desirable. The main advantage of a rat model is the low costs of animals and equipment, and the convenience of research which does not require a full-scale operating environment, and a large availability of assays. It is very suitable to study the fluid dynamic, inflammatory, and organ system responses in which physiological mechanisms rather than the technology itself are the focus for investigation. Some of these researches has been done, therefore, in a truly clinically relevant model of bypass, one in which the surface area and priming volume of the circuitry, together with the surgical approach to the procedure, are matched with the clinical model, has not been achieved yet. We review the different models of CPB for rats, discuss their characteristics, give suggestions and requirements for a new up-to-date model that could be a useful tool in continued research on the pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies of CPB.

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome

Objective To observethe effect of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on serum level of antibrain-antibody (ABAb) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods Thirtysix patients with severe traumatic brain injury were randomly divided into control group (19 patients) and CVVH group (17 patients).The control group accepted conventional treatment,the CVVH group accepted CVVH treatment additionally for 7 d.ELISA was used to measure serum level of ABAb at 1,3,5,7,14 d after treatment.The change of ABAb in serum of each group was observed.The scores of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was assessed everyday.Results The level of ABAb in CVVH group was significantly lower than that in control group from the third day after treatment[the third day:(1.28 ± 0.25) kU/L vs.(1.33 ± 0.30) kU/L;the fifth day:(1.37 ±0.17) kU/L vs.(1.42 ±0.22) kU/L;the seventh day:(1.45 ±0.37) kU/L vs.(1.52 ± 0.35) kU/L;the fourteenth day:(1.49 ± 0.41) kU/L vs.(1.67 ± 0.39) kU/L,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01].The scores of GCS in CVVH group was significantly higher than that in control group from the seventh day after treatment [the seventh day:(6.95 ± 1.24) scores vs.(5.74 ± 1.51) scores;the fourteenth day:(9.29 ± 1.76) scores vs.(7.22 ± 1.24) scores] (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion CVVH can decrease the level of ABAb and improve the prognosis.

Objective To observe the efficacy of the combination of moxibustion and pressing beans on auricular in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic diarrhea.Methods 45 elderly patients met the diagnostic criteria for diarrhea were divided into two groups,the treatment group (23 cases) received the treatment of combined moxibustion with ear pressure beans,the control group (22 cases) received traditional Chinese medicine treatment.The efficacy was observed and compared after two weeks.Results The effective rate reached 95.6％ in the treatment group,81.8％ in the control group (statistically significant difference,odds ratio 1.16).Conclusion Combined ear pressure beans with moxibustion treatment will receive a significant effect for the elderly patients with chronic diarrhea.The therapy is worth clinical application.

Objective To explore the value of electroencephalogram (EEG) in children with headache.Methods 180 children with headache were carried out EEG recording,and the electrical activity of the brain was recorded and analyzed.Results In 180 cases of children,EEG was normal in 56 cases,abnormalities in 124 cases,the abnormal rate was 68.89％.The mild abnormalities was 78 cases,in a proportion to 43.33％ in the total record:moderate abnormalities was 14 cases,in a proportion to 7.78％ in the total reccrd;high-grede,abnormalities was 2 cases,in a proportion to 1.11％ ;5 patients was in critical state,in a proportion to 2.78％ ;epileptiform activity was 25 cases,in a proportion to 13.89％.97 normal cases with intermittent headache,abnormal rate was 46.1 1％,which was significantly lower than the attack headache ( x2 =15.16,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Headache in children with EEG examination had important significance.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been widely performed for patients with various genetic and acquired malignant and non-malignant diseases.Central nervous system (CNS) complications are considered an important cause of morbidity and mortality after HSCT.This review discuss the main causes of CNS after HSCT such as infection,drug toxicity,graft-versus-host disease,metabolic encephalopathy,neurologic relapses etc,so as to benefit the early recognition of CNS complications and to improve the prognosis of patients after HSCT.

Objective To observe the change of serum anti-brain antibodies after cardiopulmonary resuscitation,and investigate the clinical significance.Methods A total of 27 cases of cardiopulmonary resuscitation after cardiac arrest patients with success and survival more than 12 weeks were divided into two groups according to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score:mild and moderate group with GCS score ≥ 8 scores (12 cases) and severe group with GCS score≤7 scores (15 cases).The serum anti-brain antibody levels at 3,7 days and 2,3,4,12 weeks after recovered in the spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was compared between two groups,and compared with control group (15 cases of healthy persons).Results The serum anti-brain antibody levels at 3,7 days and 2,3,4,12 weeks after ROSC were significantly higher than those in control group [(1.34 ± 0.23),(1.30 ± 0.27) kU/L vs.(0.28 ± 0.05) kU/L,(1.38 ± 0.33),(1.44 ± 0.30) kU/L vs.(0.28 ±0.05) kU/L,(1.44 ±0.31),(1.51 ±0.33) kU/L vs.(0.28 ±0.05) kU/L,(1.53 ±0.27),(1.67 ±0.36) kU/L vs.(0.28 ±0.05) kU/L,(1.72 ±0.25),(1.93 ±0.44) kU/L vs.(0.28 ±0.05) kU/L,(1.98 ±0.45),(2.15 ±0.52) kU/L vs.(0.28 ±0.05) kU/L],and there were significant differences (P＜ 0.01).The serum anti-brain antibody levels in severe group were significantly higher than those in mild and moderate group,and there were significnat differences (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The serum anti-brain antibody levels after cardiopulmonary resuscitation rise significantly.Anti-brain antibody may be used as a biochemistry marker to judge degree and prognosis of brain injury with patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Objective: To observe influence of aerobic exercise on blood pressure in patients with white coat hypertension (WCH). Methods: A total of 51 newly diagnostic WCH patients were randomly divided into exercise group (n=26) and WCH control group (n=25). Patients in exercise group received aerobic exercise training (walking on flat ground by constant speed, twice a day, 50~80 min each time for three months); The WCH control group did not exercise. Office blood pressure (OBP) and 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were measured in both groups before and three months after treatment. Results: There were no significant difference in indexes of OBP and ABPM between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After three months, compared with before treatment, indexes of OBP and ABPM significantly decreased in exercise group and they were significantly lower than those of WCH control group in OBP [OSBP: (132.54±17.60) mmHg vs. (143.68±20.35) mmHg, ODBP: (89.12±18.39) mmHg vs. (92.75±17.24) mmHg] and ABPM [ mSBP：(121.57±20.86) mmHg vs. (128.06±19.45) mmHg, mDBP：(76.24±15.28) mmHg vs. (84.55±17.31) mmHg; dSBP：(124.27±22.50) mmHg vs. (130.85±24.61) mmHg, dDBP：(77.95±18.42) mmHg vs. (82.36±17.59) mmHg], P<0.05~0.01. Conclusions: Aerobic exercise can significantly improve blood pressure in patients with white coat hypertension.