OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression and significance of Eotaxin and RANTES in the rat model of allergic rhinitis (AR). METHOD: 20 female SD rats in 6-7 weeks were randomly divided into control group and AR group (n = 10, respectively). AR rat model was made with ovalbumin stimulation. To detect pathological changes in mucosa and chemokine Eotaxin, RANTES in their nasal and lung tissues after execution. RESULT: Compared with the control group, Lung EOS cell counted higher in AR group and the difference was significant (P < 0.01); the AR rats nasal mucosa and lung tissue of Eotaxin, RANTES expression was significantly increased (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION There exist high expression of Eotaxin, RANTES, infiltration of eosinophils in nasal and lung tissue of model rats with allergic rhinitis, inferring that the upper and lower respiratory tract inflammatory response has obvious consistency.
Animals ; Chemokine CCL11 ; metabolism ; Chemokine CCL5 ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Lung ; metabolism ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; metabolism

The dosage-efficacy/toxicity relationship of the 50% alcohol extracts of Polygonum multiflorum was comparatively investigated on either normal or CCl4-induced chronic liver injury rats, by determining the general condition, serum biochemical indices and liver histopathology, coupled with the factor analysis. The dosages were 10 and 20 g raw materials per kg body weight. Compared with the normal control group, the normal high dose group showed significant increases of the serum alanine transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBIL), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), as well the frequent incidences of inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatic sinus enlargement and fiber stripes formation in histopathological sections. Compared with the model control group, the model low dose group showed significant declines of serum ALT, aspartate transaminase (AST) and total bile acid (TBA) (P < 0.05), as well the alleviation of vacuoles of hepatocytes, but no amelioration of the inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue hyperplasia; moreover, the model high dose group showed significant degeneration declines of serum HMGB-1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), as well the evident alleviation of vacuoles degeneration of hepatocytes, inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis degree. The factor analysis showed that the low dosage treatment had almost neither injuring effect on the normal rats nor protective effect on the model rats; while the high dosage treatment showed observable injuring effect on the normal rats, expressed by the significant increases of the factor-1 (HMGB-1, TNF-α and IL-1β as the main contributors) and factor-2 (TBIL, ALT and TBA as the main contributors) relative to the normal control group. The liver protective effect of the high dosage treatment could be observed with the significant reduction of the factor-1, indicating the effective alleviation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, it could illustrated the phenomenon of symptom-based prescription theory of Polygonum multiflorum on rat livers: the high dosage of the herb had either an injuring effect on normal rats, or a therapeutic effect on the rats with chronic liver injury.
Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bile Acids and Salts ; metabolism ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fallopia multiflora ; chemistry ; HMGB1 Protein ; metabolism ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

To investigate the difference of liver injury in rats gavaged with crude and processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix. The 75% ethanol extract of crude and processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix (50 g · kg(-1) crude medicine weight/body weight) were continuous oral administered to rats for 6 weeks. Serum biochemical indicators were dynamically detected, the change of liver histopathology was assessed 6 weeks later. Principal component analysis (PCA) was adopted to screen sensitive indicator of the liver damage induced by polygoni multiflori radix. Biochemical tests showed that the crude Polygoni Multiflori Radix group had significant increase of serum ALT, AST, ALP, DBIL and TBIL (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) and significant decreases of serum IBIL and TBA (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), while the processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed no obvious changes, compared to the untreated normal group. Histopathologic analysis revealed that crude Polygoni Multiflori Radix group exhibited significant inflammatory cells infiltration in portal area around the blood vessels, tissue destruction and local necrosis of liver cells. There were not obvious pathological changes in processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix group. The results demonstrated that the injury effect of processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix on liver injury of rats was significantly lower than that of unprocessed, and that processing can effectively reduce the hepatotoxicity of Polygoni Multiflori Radix. Traditional transaminase liver function indicators were not sensitive for crude Polygoni Multiflori Radix induced liver damage. The serum content of DBIL and TBIL can reflect the liver damage induced by crude Polygoni Multiflori Radix early and can be sensitive indicators for clinical monitoring the usage of it.
Animals ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; etiology ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Female ; Liver ; drug effects ; injuries ; Male ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Rats

The liver injury induced by Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM) was investigated based on idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity model co-treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a non-hepatotoxic dose. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intragastrically administered with three doses (18.9, 37.8, 75.6 g crude drug per kg body weight) of 50% alcohol extracts of PM alone or co-treated with non-toxic dose of LPS (2.8 mg·kg(-1)) via tail vein injection. The plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were assayed and the isolated livers were evaluated for histopathological changes. The dose-toxicity relationships of single treatment of PM or co-treatment of LPS were investigated comparatively to elucidate the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of PM. The results showed that no significant alterations of plasma ALT and AST activities were observed in the groups of solo-administration of LPS (2.8 mg·kg(-1), i.v.) or different dosage (18.9, 37.8 and 75.6 g·kg(-1), i.g.) of PM, compared to normal control group (P > 0.05); while significant elevations were observed in the co-administration groups of PM and LPS. Treatment with LPS alone caused slight infiltration of inflammatory cells in portal area but no evident hepatocytes injury. Co-treatment with LPS and PM (75.6 g·kg(-1), i.g.) caused hepatocyte focal necrosis, loss of central vein intima and a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration in portal areas. When further reduce the dosage of PM, significant increases of plasma ALT and AST activities (P < 0.05) were still observed in co-administration groups of LPS and PM (1.08 or 2.16 g·kg(-1)), but not in LPS or PM solo-administration groups. Nevertheless, the co-treatment of low dosage of PM (0.54 g·kg(-1)) with LPS did not induce any alteration of plasma ALT and AST. In conclusion, intragastric administration with 75.6 g·kg(-1) of PM did not induce liver injury in normal rats model; while the 2 folds of clinical equivalent dose of PM (1.08 g·kg(-1)) could result in liver injury in the LPS-based idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity model, which could be used to evaluate the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of PM.
Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; pathology ; Hepatocytes ; pathology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Polygonum ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide combined with punch excision in the treatment of keloids.Methods Patients with keloids diagnosed and treated in The First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2021 to January 2022 were retrospectively collected.Patients with keloids were divided into conservative(triamcinolone acetonide and fluorouracil)and non-conservative(punch excision combined with treamcinolone acetonide and fluorouracil)according to their treatment regimens.The scores of the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale(POSAS),the Vancouver Scar Scale(VSS)and the Visual Analogue Rating Scale(VAS)were compared before and after treatment,the total effective rate was calculated to evaluate,the clinical efficacy,and the occurrence of adverse events was observed to evaluate the safety.Results A total of 99 patients with keloids were included in the study,including 53 in the conservative treatment group and 46 in the non-conservative treatment group.Before treatment,there was no significant difference in POSAS score,VSS score and VAS score between the two groups(P>0.05).Compared with the conservative treatment group,the POSAS score,VSS score and VAS score of the non-conservative treatment group decreased significantly after treatment(P<0.05).The total effective rate of treatment in the non-conservative treatment group was significantly higher than that in the conservative treatment group(P<0.05).In terms of adverse reactions,the risk of bleeding increased,the incidence of skin pigmentation decreased,and the telangiecasia and skin atrophy didn't occur in the non-conservative treatment group.Conclusion Triamcinolone acetonide combined with punch excision has a significant effect on keloids,which can reduce the incidence of skin atrophy but increase the risk of bleeding.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the angiogenesis of bone marrow in leukemia patients. 51 patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia were taken as study objects, 18 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the control group. Bone marrow microvessel density (MVD) in bone marrow biopsy tissue section was determined with immunohistochemistry method, the vascular endothelial growth factor level in serum was detected with ELISA method and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in bone marrow cells was assayed by flow cytometry. The results showed that the MVD, VEGF level, positive rate of COX-2 expression in leukemia group all obviously increased as compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The correlative coefficients of MVD, VEGF level and COX-2 expression rate were 0.614, 0.423 and 0.577 respectively (p < 0.05). In conclusion, as well as solid tumors, leukemia may be also a angiogenesis-dependent malignant tumor. Coordination of COX-2 with VEGF may promote angiogenesis in bone marrow.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of cell cycle and proliferation of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

METHODSPropidium iodide staining was used to examine cell cycle parameters (G(0)/G(1), S and G(2)/M) of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) while immunofluorescent double staining and FACS techniques were used to measure Ki67 expression in BM CD34+ cells from normal control, patients with MDS, acute myeloid leukemia preceded by MDS (MDS-AML) and primary AML.

RESULTSThere was a statistical up-tendency in G(0)/G(1) phase proportion of BMMNCs whereas a statistical down-tendency in S and G(2)/M phase proportions among normal control, MDS and primary AML. Compared to primary AML, MDS-AML had significantly higher ratios of S (P < 0.05), G(2)/M (P < 0.05) and S + G(2)/M (P < 0.05) phase cells while lower ratio of G(0)/G(1) phase cells (P < 0.05). The proportion of CD34+Ki67+ cells in MDS patients was significantly higher than that in normal control (P = 0.004). So were the percentages of CD34+Ki67+ cells in low-risk [(0.54 +/- 0.49)%, P < 0.05] and high-risk MDS patients [(1.69 +/- 1.66)%, P = 0.022]. Furthermore, there was statistical difference between low-risk and high-risk MDS (P < 0.05). Compared to normal control and primary AML, MDS-patients had the highest proportion of CD34+Ki67+ cells [(16.75 +/- 13.58)%, P < 0.05]. The proportion of CD34+Ki67+ cells in CD34+ cells in MDS patients [(48.50 +/- 20.49)%] was significantly higher than that in normal control [(27.71 +/- 16.04)%, P < 0.01]. So were the low-risk [(51.85 +/- 21.80)%, P = 0.002] and high-risk MDS [(43.93 +/- 18.57)%, P < 0.05]. The proportion of CD34+Ki67+ cells in CD34+ cells in MDS-AML patients [(60.92 +/- 30.12)%] was the highest, and was statistically higher than that in both normal control (P < 0.01) and primary AML patients [(17.01 +/- 15.93)%, P < 0.001]. The proportion of CD34+Ki67+ cells in Ki67+ cells in MDS patients [(4.91 +/- 4.68)%, P < 0.01] was significantly higher than that [(2.43 +/- 2.37)%] in normal controls. In the low-risk MDS group it was (4.11 +/- 3.94)%, (P > 0.05) and in high-risk MDS group it was (5.76 +/- 5.38)%, (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHigh proportion of G(0)/G(1) cells and G(1) phase arrest occurred in MDS. High proliferation capacity of MDS clone, especially that derived from CD34+ cells, might play an important role in the clonal expansion, diseases deterioration and worse prognosis of MDS.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; blood ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; blood ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; blood ; Young Adult

The study was aimed to detect the levels of CYR61, CTGF, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 mRNA in bone marrow (BM) of leukemia patients and investigate the interaction of CYR61, CTGF, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 proteins in occurrence, development, infiltration and metastasis of leukemia and its clinical significance, to find a new tumor marker for diagnosis and treatment of leukemia with some new directions. 74 patients with leukemia were enrolled in this study, 38 out of them were males and 36 were females, aged from 6 to 77 years old with the median age of 45 years old. In the control group, 7 males and 5 females, aged from 16 to 78 years old with the median age of 46. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the levels of CYR61, CTGF, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 mRNA. The results showed that the levels of CYR61, CTGF, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 mRNA in BM of newly diagnosed patients with acute and chronic leukemia of each group were significantly higher as compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The levels of CYR61, CTGF mRNA in acute leukemia remission group were significantly higher than those in control group (p = 0.039, 0.025). The level of CTGF mRNA was highest in B-ALL group, and was higher than that in AML, CML, CLL, T-ALL groups (p = 0.002, 0.034, 0.002, 0.010). In AML group, mRNA expressions of CYR61 and CTGF, CYR61 and VEGF-C, CTGF and VEGFR-2 were positively correlated (r = 0.452, 0.466, 0.464; p = 0.045, 0.038, 0.039), and in CML group mRNA expression of CYR61 and VEGF-C was positively correlated (r = 0.882, p = 0.000). The expression levels of VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 mRNA in acute leukemia patients with extramedullary infiltration were higher than those in acute leukemia patients without extramedullary infiltration (p = 0.028, 0.047). VEGF-C mRNA expression and the original cell counts in AML group were positively correlated (r = 0.418, p = 0.034). It is concluded that CYR61, CTGF, VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 interact each other in the pathogenesis of leukemia, promote the development, metastasis and infiltration of leukemia; and these factors in different types of leukemia and extramedullary infiltration are different, which may become tumor markers of leukemia; and blocking VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 may block tumor growth and metastasis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Cysteine-Rich Protein 61 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the expression differences and significance of periostin (PN) in eyelid basal cell carcinoma associated fibroblasts (BCAFs) andnormal fibroblasts (NFs) after separation,culture,purification and identification.Methods The third generation of purified BCAFs and NFs was selected,and the concentrations of cell suspensions were modulated to 20 × 106 L-1 by trypsin,and then the cell suspension were seeded and cultured in 6-well plate by 2 mL per well.The cell culture supernatants were collected when BCAFs and NFs were cultured by serum-free medium for 48 h,then the content of PN in cell culture supernatants from BCAFs and NFs was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The glass coverslips were placed at the bottom of the 6-well plate to make cell slides,and then the expression of PN in BCAFs and NFs cells were tested by immunofluorescence staining.Results ELISA showed that the content of PN in cell culture supernatants from BCAFs and NFs was (9.26 ± 2.35) μg · L-1 and (2.57 ± 0.41) μg · L-1.And the expression level of PN in BCAFs tested by immunofluorescence staining technology was higher than that in NFs cells,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression and secretion of PN in the eyelid BCAFs were highly enhanced when compared with NFs,suggesting that periostein may promote or inhibit the occurrence and development of the eyelid basal cell carcinoma in the microenvironment of the eyelid basal cell carcinoma.