Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of serum cytokines and autoantibodies in children with central diabetes insipidus.Methods:A retrospective study was used.A total of 52 children diagnosed with central diabetes insipidus who were hospitalized in Qingdao municipal hospital affiliated to Qingdao Universityfrom January 2016 to January 2020 were selected as the study group, and 60 healthy children with similar gender and age were selected as the control group.The general data of the study group and the control group, 24 h urine volume, urine specific gravity and urine osmotic pressure before the start of water deprivation test, the results of pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the concentration of serum cytokines and autoimmune antibodies were compared to evaluate the value of serum cytokines and autoimmune antibodies in the prediction of central diabetes insipidus.Results:The 24 h urine volume in the study group (201.6 ± 9.9 mL/kg)was significantly higher than that in the control group(9.06±12.5 mL/kg). The urine specific gravity(1.006±0.002) and urine osmotic pressure((116.4±23.5) mOsm/L)were significantly lower than those in the control group((1.013±0.004) and (649.6±72.4) mOsm/L)( t=15.378, 13.298, 45.625, all P<0.001). MRI examination showed that the proportion of disappearance of high signal in posterior pituitary (46.1%(24/52)), the proportion of thickening of the pituitary stalk(32.7%(17/52))and abnormal signal in pituitary(7.7%(4/52)) in study group were significantly higher than the control group(0%(0/0)) (all P<0.05); the levels of serum IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β ((117.0±7.8), (234±21.4), (178.6±15.1), (87±6.5) ng/L)and autoimmune antibodies ((654.1±194.3) ng/L) in study group were significantly increased compared to the control((12.5±2.3), (32.5±9.7), (37.8±7.3), (22.6±4.7), (98.0±23.7) ng/L) ( t value were 17.031, 27.490, 15.670, 12.360 and 109.984, respectively; all P<0.05). Conclusion:The concentration of serum cytokines and autoimmune antibodies has a significant clinical value in the evaluation of central diabetes insipidus in children.Combined with head MRI examination, it has a certain value in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of central diabetes insipidus in children.

Aged ; Anthracosis ; complications ; pathology ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; pathology ; Edema ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; etiology ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) receptor agonist liraglutide on the proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cells. Methods The human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 was incubated for 24 h with liraglutide at various concentrations (10-1 000 nmol/ L), or with 100 nmol/ L liraglutide for various durations (0-72 h). Cell proliferation was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) analysis. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of related genes. Results GLP-1 receptor was expressed in the MIA PaCa-2 cells. Liraglutide suppressed cell proliferation, up-regulated the expression levels of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and down-regulated the expression levels of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 in human pancreatic cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, liraglutide down-regulated the expression levels of insulin receptor (INSR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), and the phosphorylation levels of their downstream signaling proteins Erk1 / 2 and Akt, in a dose- and time-dependent way. Conclusion Liraglutide inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cells; the process may be mediated via suppressing the expression of INSR and IGF-1R and inhibiting activation of the downstream MEK/ Erk1 / 2 and PI3k/ Akt pathways.

Objective To investigate the effects of chronic high glucose on α-cells glucagon releasing in relation to insulin resistance induced by high glucose. Methods TC1-6 cells, an α-cell line, were incubated separately in DMEM containing high (25.0 mmol/L), medium (11.1 mmol/L) and low (5.5 mmol/L) concentrations of glucose for 1 to 5 days. The secretion and gene expression of glueagon were measured. When TC1-6 cells had been cultured for 5 days, three different concentrations of insulin were added for 6 h and then glucagon secretion was detected. Western blot was used for 1 and 3 days to confirm the effect of high glucose on phosphorylation of Akt in TC1-6 cells. Results (1) Exposure of TC1-6 cells to 11.1 and 25.0 mmol/L glucose resulted in a slight increase of glucagon secretion compared with those incubated with 5.5 mmol/L. However, after 5 days in media containing 25.0 mmol/L glucose, glucagan secretion was significantly increased as compared to cells treated with low glucose [(136.80±10.94 vs 78.62±4.72 ) ng/106 cells, P<0.05]; moreover, in TC1-6 cell cultured with high glucose glucagon mRNA expression was increased significantly. (2) 10-7 mol/L insulin reduced significantly glucagon secretion of TC1-6 ceils exposed to low glucose [(21.59±1.30 vs 55.12±3.86) ng/106 cells], but just scarcely inhibited glucagon secretion of cells incubated with high glucose [(106.58±8.53 vs 117.18±10.55) ng/106 cells]. When insulin concentration was increased to 10-5 mol/L, glucagon secretion of TC1-6 cells in high glucose was also reduced [(46.55±3.72 vs 118.61±10.68 )ng/106 cells]. (3) After treated with 10-5 mol/L insulin for 2h, the levels of Akt phosphorylation in both groups of TC1-6 cells were increased by 180% and 70%, while the level in high glucose group was significantly lower than that in low glucose group. In the presence of phosphoinositide 3 kinase inhibitor, the levels of Akt phosphorylation were both lowered, but the inhibition in low glucose group was more significant than in high glucose group. Conclusion High glucose induces hypersecretion of glucagon, which may be due to the a-cell insulin resistance.

In order to identify Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants, the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) regions of Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants were amplified and bidirectionally sequenced based on the Principles for Molecular Identification of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica Using DNA Barcoding, which has been promulgated by Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission. Sequences were analyzed and assembled by Codon Code Aligner V3. 7.1. The relevant data were analyzed by MEGA 5. 0. Species identification analyses were performed by using the nearest distance methods and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. The result showed that the ITS2 sequence lengths of Peucedani Radix were 229-230 bp and the average intra-specific genetic distances were 0.005. The ITS2 sequence lengths of Peucedani Decursivi Radix were 227 bp and the sequences contained no variation site. The average inter-specific K2P genetic distance of Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants species were 0.044 and 0.065 respectively. The minimum inter-specific divergence is larger than the maximum intra-specific divergence of Peucedani Decursivi Radix. The nearest distance methods and NJ trees results indicated that Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants species could be identification clearly. The ITS2 regions can stably and accurately distinguish Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants.
Apiaceae ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; Drug Contamination

Objective To probe the value of 3.0T MRI in the preoperative assessment of rectal carcinoma.Methods The study recruited 41 patients who were confirmed by biopsy of rectal carcinoma and underwent conventional MRI, high-resolution MRI and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI), the distance from the inferior part of tumor to transitional skin and the percentage of circumferential invasion were measured, the tumor's T staging, N staging,and the status of circumferential resection margin(CRM) and extramural vascular invasion(EMVI) were assessed.MRI findings were compared with endoscope and postoperative pathological results.Results MRI could accurately show the distance from the inferior part of tumor to transitional skin(P>0.05);The mean percentage of circumferential invasion for the tumor with T1-T2 and T3 were 61%,83% respectively (P>0.05);The total accuracy of T,N staging diagnose were 80.5%,75.6% respectively, which had a better consistent with pathological T,N staging(Kappa=0.564,0.634);The total accuracy of CRM and EMVI diagnose were 90.2%,73.2% respectively,which had a better or moderate consistent with pathological diagnose(Kappa=0.765,0.461).Conclusion 3.0T MRI has the unique application in the preoperative assessment of rectal carcinoma, which can provide more comprehensive information for clinic.

Objective To observe the effects of tissue factor pathway inhibitor(TFPI) on thrombosis formation in rabbit carotid arteries after ballon injury. Methods Fouty rabbits with the weight 2.5-3.0 kg were respectively divided into 4 groups, Ad-TFPI, Ad-LacZ, PBS and normal control groups. The normal control group was not given any treatment and other 3 groups were given 0.2 ml Ad-TFPI, Ad-LacZ or PBS reproduced by the Dispatch catheter respectively after the PTCA balloon iniury on the right carotid arteries. Ten days after gene transfer the repeated balloon injury was performed in the 3 groups, and the first balloon injury was performed in the normal control group by the same method. The carotid blood flow was recovered immediately after the injury. Thirty minutes later all the animals were sacrificed. The injured carotid arteries and one part of contralateral normal artery were cut down, scissored along the long axis, flattened and fixed in the 2% glutaral. The platelet aggregation and thrombosis formation on the luminal surfaces was observed under electron microscope. Results The electron microscope results showed that the vascular endothelial cell structure was integrated and lined up in order in the nomal artery which had no any injury. After the balloon injury in the normal control group, the structure of the endothelial cell was disintegrated, and there was some platelet aggregation but no fibrosis formation. A large amount of platelet aggregated but no fibrosis formed in Ad-TFPI group after the repeated balloon injury. A large amount of fibrosis formed and red cells piled up in the Ad-LacZ and PBS group. The positive rate of thrombosis formation among groups had siginificant differences(χ2=14.95, P<0.01). The positive rate in Ad-TFPI group(20%) was lower than that in Ad-LacZ group(80%, χ2=7.20, P<0.01) and PBS group(70%, χ2=5.05, P<0.05), but was higher than that in the normal control group(10%, χ2=0.39, P>0.05). The positive rate in Ad-LacZ group(80%) was higher than in the normal control group(10%, χ2=9.90, P<0.01) and in the PBS group(70%, χ2=0.27, P> 0.05). The positive rate in PBS group(70%) was higher than that in the normal control group(10%, χ2=7.50, P< 0.01). Conclusions The repeated balloon injury method can cause a large amount of fibrosis formation in the rabbit carotid. TFPI gene inhibits thrombosis formation in balloon-injured rabbit carotid arteries.

Objective To investigate the value of urinary trehalase (T) in patients with renal proximal tubular damage.Methods 134 patients with kidney disease (male:66 female:68 age:18-59 ; 31cases with acute renal failure,30 cases with chronic renal failure,20 cases with drug-induced renal impairment,21 cases with renal transplantation and 32 cases with nephritic syndrome) and 101 healthy controls (58 males and 43 females) were selected.Urinary T,N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAG),β2-MG,gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were detected.Data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5,including nonparametric rank test,ROC analysis.Results The level of urinary trehalase in control group was normally distributed (7.1 ± 4.1) μmol/h · g Cr (0-25 μmol/h · g Cr).There was no significant difference between men and women (t =0.63,P =0.53).Urinary T levels were significant higher in all kidney disease groups than in control group (Z =6.80,5.90,5.23,6.00,8.04,P ＜0.01).According to ROC curve,the area of urinary T under the ROC curve (AUC) in 134 patients was 0.9,significantly different with NAG,β2-MG,GGT area (P ＜ 0.01),the AUCs of T were 0.94,0.85,0.90,0.90,0.91 in acute and chronic renal failure group,drug-induced renal impairment group,renal transplantation group and nephritic syndrome group,respectively; Youden index were 0.85,0.65,0.77,0.66,0.72 respectively.Corresponding to the Youden index,sensitivity and specificity were 90.3％ and 95.1％,73.3％ and 92.1％,85.0％ and 92.1％,81.0％ and 85.2％,87.5％ and 84.2％ respectively.Conclusions The Urinary trehalase is better than other markers in the diagnosis of the proximal renal tubular damage.It was better to evaluate the proximal tubular function early in time.The diagnostic value of urinary trehalase played a key role in diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of kidney diseases.

Animals ; Aorta ; drug effects ; physiology ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Cadmium ; toxicity ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Vasoconstriction ; drug effects

Objective To study the treatment effect of cinnamaldehyde on Aspergillus fumigatus biofilm(BF) in vitro .Meth‐ods The models of A .fumigatus BF were established in vitro ;the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) on A .fumigatus was measured .The crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy were employed to determined the treatment effect of A .fumiga‐tus biofilm under varying concentrations of cinnamaldehyde .Results BF models were established successfully in vitro .MIC value of A .fumigatus of cinnamaldehyde was 256 μg/mL ;The biofilm biomass in serially increasing concentrations of cinnamaldehyde(1 MIC ,1/2 MIC ,1/4 MIC)were 0 .81 ± 0 .11 ,1 .13 ± 0 .18 and 1 .59 ± 0 .11 respectively .Compared to untreated control group(2 .18 ± 0 .15) ,difference achieved statistical significance(P<0 .05) .SEM studies revealed the deformity of three‐dimensional structures of biofilms treated with sub‐MICs of cinnamaldehyde .Conclusion Cinnamaldehyde has significant antifungal activity against Aspergil‐lus fumigatus ,sub‐MICs could disrupt the mature biofilm in vitro .