In order to make sure whether Panax notoginseng is sensitive to chloridion and guide fertilization in planting of P. notoginseng, the effects of the different proportion of potassium chloride (KCl) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4) on the yield, quality of P. notoginseng were studied. The results showed that K fertilizer significantly improved the growth of P. notoginseng and increased the biomass per plant or per pot and the content of N, P, K and the content of saponin. In cases of conditions such as potassium, and the effects of K2SO4 on increasing the petiole length, leaf size, rhizome length, root length, and content and accumulation of Ginsenoside Rg1 were better than those of KCl. While compared with K2SO4, KCl was more conducive to augmenting height, root width, the biomass of shoot, rhizome, root and the content of Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rd. There was not remarkable difference in agronomic characters, biomass and the content of N, P, K among KCl, K2SO4 and the combination of KCl and K2SO4. However, the content of saponin of the treatment with combination of KCl and K2SO4 was significant higher than that of single KCl or K2SO4 treatments. K fertilizer significantly increased yield and the content of saponins. And P. notoginseng was not sensitive to chloridion. KCl increased the yield and the content of saponins of P. notoginseng as well as K2SO4, and the combination treatment was superior to single treatment. It is recommended that the KCl should be adopted in production, to reduce the cost of potash fertilizer.
Agriculture ; Fertilizers ; analysis ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Potassium Chloride ; analysis ; metabolism ; Quality Control ; Soil ; chemistry ; Sulfates ; analysis ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of Sika deer velvet antler protein (SVPr) against renal toxicity in mice and its mechanism.METHODS Forty ICR mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal control group (ig distilled water),model group (ig distilled water for 7 d,on the 7th day,ip cisplatin 25 mg·kg-1 to establish the model,afterwards ig distilled water for 3 d) and SVPr 5,10 and 20 mg· kg-1 groups (ig SVPr for 7 d,cisplatin 25 mg· kg-1 was provided 2 h after the last administration,then ig SVPr for 3 d).Testing kits were adopted for the measurement of renal indexes in mice,such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr);oxidative stress indictors of super oxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT),glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA);inflammation indictor levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).Caspase 3,Bax and Bcl-2 were detected via Western blotting,and renal pathological changes were observed by HE staining.RESULTS SVPr (5,10 and 20 mg·kg-1) significantly reduced the levels of SCr,BUN,MDA,TNF-α and IL-6,and the expressions of caspase 3 and Bax (P＜0.05),but increased the activities of SOD,CAT and GSH,and the expression of Bcl-2 (P＜0.05).The renal pathological changes were improved.CONCLUSION SVPr can reduce renal toxicity induced by cisplatin in mice,and the mechanism is probably related to inhibiting oxidative stress or inflammatory reaction and improving cell apoptosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the role of p21-activated kinase-4 (PAK4) in the occurrence, progression and metastasis of breast cancer.

METHODPAK4 expression was detected in 35 cases of normal breast, 22 breast cystic hyperplasia, 28 breast adenofibroma, 37 breast cancer (including 7 non-invasive cancer, 9 early invasive cancer and 21 invasive cancer) and 13 metastatic breast cancer tissues using immunohistochemistry for a comparison of PAK4 expression and distribution.

RESULTSPAK4 was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm of the cancer cells, occasionally in the cell nuclei, and virtually not expressed in the matrix surrounding the breast cells. PAK4 positivity rates increased in the order of normal breast tissues, benign changes (including breast cystic hyperplasea and breast adenoma), breast cancer and metastatic cancer tissues; in the cancer tissues, the positivity rates increased in the order of non-invasive breast tumor, early invasive tumor and invasive tumor tissues.

CONCLUSIONPAK4 is closely correlated to the progression and metastasis of breast cancer and may become a new diagnostic and therapeutic target of breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Young Adult ; p21-Activated Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To compare the analgesic effect and adverse event of butorphanol and dezocine which are combined with sufentanil and flurbiprofen axetil in PCIA,to screen out a relatively good analgesic.Methods 110 laparotomy cases from hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) department and 160 laparoscopy cases from general surgery(GS) department of xinqiao hospital of third medical university were included in our study.All patients were randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table method,namely the butorphanol group and dezocine group.Butorphanol 0.04 mg/kg,sufentanil 2.8 μg/kg,flurbiprofen axetil 3 mg/kg and granisetron 6 mg were used in HPB butorphanol group.Dezocine 0.2 mg/kg,sufentanil 2.8 μg/kg,flurbiprofen axetil 3 mg/kg and granisetron 6 mg were used in HPB dezocine group.Butorphanol 0.04 mg/kg sufentanil 2.5 μg/kg,flurbiprofen axetil 3 mg/kg and granisetron 6 mg was used in GS butorphanol group.Dezocine 0.2 mg/kg,sufentanil 2.5 μg/kg,flurbiprofen axetil 3 mg/kg and granisetron 6 mg was used in GS dezocine group.The mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),facial expressions of pain score,sedation score,PONV score,NRS score and respiratory depression were observed in postoperative 0 hour,6 hours,24 hours,48 hours.Results For both two departments,the numbers of patients with NRS score and facial expressions of pain scores greater than 3 in dezocine group were more than those in butorphanol group,the differences were significant(P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in numbers of patients with NRS score and facial expressions scale of 1 to 3 (P ＞ 0.05).while the number of cases with sedation score ranged from 1 to 3 in dezocine group was less than that in both HPB and GS butorphanol group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in PONV score and itching score which was or less than 3 or more than 3 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion For postoperative analgesia in PCIA,butorphanol has better analgesic effect than the same dose of dezocine,and stronger sedation effect than dezocine.

Objective To assess the results of emergency endovascular stent-grafting for patients with acute Stanford type B aortic dissection(type B AAD)within 24 hours of onset.Methods Between June 2007 and October 2008,30 patients with acute type B aortic dissection underwent emergency endOVascular stent-grafting within 24 hours of presentation.Under general anesthesia,stent-graft was deploved at the proper position of first tear entry through femoral artery under X-ray monitering.Follow-up by CT was performed 1 w,1 m ,3 m,6 m,1 y postoperatively to observe the efficacy and complications such as endoleak,migration and fracture of stent-graft. Result The technical success rate was 100%;13.4%(4 cases) endoleak rate was identified immediately after deployment.Follow up was made between 1 month to 19 months,averaging at(12±8)months,3.3%type-1 endoleak Was observed after 6 months;One patient died within 30 days possibly of dissection rupture;One patient died of acute liver failure during the follow-up. Conclusion Endovascular repair with stent-graft within 24 hours of presentation was effectivefor the treatment of acute type B aortic dissection.

OBJECTIVETo assess the role of neuronavigation in assisting endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas.

METHODSTen endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal reoperations for pituitary adenomas were selected. Clinical records were reviewed retrospectively. Five of 10 patients had gigantic adenoma, 3 microadenoma, 2 large adenoma.

RESULTSThe mean setup time was 5 minutes, and the operative time was 50 minutes in image-guided procedures. In all cases, the system worked well without malfunction. Continuous information regarding instrument location and trajectory was provided to the surgeon. Measurements of intraoperative accuracy in the axial, coronal, and.sagittal planes indicated a mean verified system error of 1.5 mm. for pituitary adenomas. After operation, the symptoms relieved in all patients.

CONCLUSIONSNeuronavigation can be applied during endonasal transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery and requires a minimal amount of time. It makes reoperation easier, faster, and safer.

Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Hypophysectomy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Sphenoid Sinus ; surgery ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted

Objective To access the prevalence of prehypertensive stage and its associated risk factors in rural inhabitants from Lanxi county in Heilongjiang province.Methods Through cluster multistage and random sampling methods,local people aged≥15 years old in Lanxi county were selected.A survey on blood pressure and associated risk factors wasearried out.Overnight fasting blood specimen of people aged≥35 years old Was collected.Chi square test,t-test and logistic regression analyses were then performed.Results 5272 residents were surveyed including 2539 male and 2733 female subjects.The overall prevalence of prehypertension Was 36.34％.The prevalence of prehypertension appeared to be higher in males(39.50％)than in females(33.41％)(X2=58.9887,P<0.0001),The prevalence of prehypertension decreased with increasing age in men≥25 years old(x=96.0698,P<0.0001),and in women≥35 years old(X2=11.5784,p=0.0208).Data from multivariable logistic regression showed that being male.Aged(≥55 years old),with waist circumference As≥85 cm for men and≥80 cm for women.BMI≥25.0 kg/m2 and fasting plasma glucose≥7.0 mmol/L were risk factors of prehypertension while high.Density Iipoprotein cholesterol<0.9 mmol/L was shown as a protective factor(OR=0.740,P=0.0036).Dose-response relationships were seen between prehypertension and age,BMI and FPG.Conclusion Prehypertension Was popular in the rural area,with high prevalence seen in teenagers.Programs on prehypertension prevention should start from teenagers.Risk factors of prehypertension increased when people became age 55 or older.There was a need to monitot BP more often and to eontror BP through non-drug methods.

This study aimed to identify the related substances of lorazepam tablets by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). To separate the related substances of lorazepam tablets, gradient elution was performed using acetonitrile and 0.1% acetic acid -20 mmol/L of ammonium acetate as mobile phase on Inert Sustain C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm).The accurate mass and elemental composition of the parent ions and their product ions of related substances were determined by electrospray-ionization quadrupole time-of-flight high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF/MS).The structures of the related substances were identified by spectral analysis. Under the established analytical condition, lorazepam and its related substances were adequately separated, and 22 major related substances with content greater than 0.1% were detected and identified by hyphenated techniques in lorazepam tablets and their stressed samples.Among them, 5 were the impurities listed in the USP or EP, and the others were unknown related substances identified for the first time in this paper.The LC-MS technique can effectively separate and identify the related substances of lorazepam tablets, which provides some reference for quality control.

Objective To learn the smoke-free environment and smoking status at or below county-level governments of Zhejiang Province, and to promote a smoke-free government.Methods By multi-stage random sampling method, 4 cities were selected in Zhejiang Province, then 4 counties were selected in 4 cities, finally12 governments were selected in 4 counties.With the methods of field observation,interview and questionnaire survey,smoke-free environment and smoking behavior , tobacco related knowledge of civil servants were investigated.Results A total of 12 governments and 405 civil servants were investigated.The smoke-free environment of 12 governments were relatively well.The total smoking rate of civil servants was 17.78%, and the highest was 26.67% in Jiande City, and the lowest were 9.00% in Zhuji City.For the civil servants ,male(26.62%), aged 50-(40.74%),divorced or widowed(40.00%),graduation of technical secondary school (33.33%),cadre of section rank(57.14%),above 20 years' work(28.81%),smoking anywhere at home(50.00%), smoking in certain areas at work(22.95%)were significantly higher.The rate of cognition on the hazards of smoking was lower among the smokers than that of non-smokers (P<0.05).The rate of agreement on MPOWER tobacco control strategies and smoking bans in public places were lower among the smokers than that of non-smokers (P<0.05).Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that age of 30-39(OR=9.87,95%CI:1.45-67.29),50-(OR=9.87,95%CI:1.45-67.29), smoking anywhere at home(OR=12.28,95%CI:2.95-51.18),and smoking in certain areas at home(OR=6.57,95%CI:3.07-14.08) may be the risk factors about smoking behavior.Conclusion The situation of smoking control at or below county-level governments in Zhejiang Province was good, and smoking rates has declined.But tobacco related knowledge and behavior of civil servants were relatively insufficient.Aiming at the problems found in the investigation, it is necessary to strengthen education on smoking control among civil servants, and to promote a smoke-free government.

Objective To investigate the influence of perceptions and emotional attitudes on the public's willingness to organ donation and its path of promotion. Methods The mediation effect and structural equation models were established through the convenience sampling method and with ABC attitude model as the theoretical basis to analyze the influence of perceptions and emotional attitudes on the public's willingness to organ donation and the path of promotion. Results Among 4 565 investigated subjects, 621 subjects expressly stated that they were not willing to donate their organs after the death, 701 subjects were willing to donate their organs after the death, but only 259 investigated subjects signed the informed content card of organ donation. The differences in the subjects' willingness to donate their organs were statistically significant in terms of different genders, ages, religious beliefs, places of residence and educational degrees (all P < 0.05). The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.781, KMO=0.842, with good reliability and validity. In the structural equation model, the path coefficient of perceptions on the willingness to donation was 0.39, while that of attitudes on the willingness was 0.25. As such, perceptions and emotional attitudes had positive impacts on the willingness to donate the organs. The results of the mediation effect model indicated that attitudes played significant mediation effects in the causality relationship of perceptions on the willingness to donate organs, and the mediation effect value was 0.035(P < 0.01). The awareness degree of organ donation was the largest determinant to the perception factor, and the path coefficient on the willingness to donation was 0.20. The sense of social honor was the largest determinant to the attitude factor, and the path coefficient was 0.16. Conclusions Both perceptions and emotional attitudes positively impact the willingness to donate organs. The awareness degree of organ donation is the largest determinant to the perception factor, while the sense of social honor is the largest determinant to the attitude factor. To improve the public's perception level towards the organ donation and increase the public's sense of social honor towards organ donation contributes to the improvement of the public's willingness to donate organs.