OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics and prevention of urinary system infections in type 2 diabetic patients.METHODS An analysis of pathogens and clinical characteristics of 120 hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients complicating urinary system infections was performed.RESULTS In type 2 diabetic patients complicating urinary system infections,the most common pathogen was Escherichia coli,the next were Staphylococcus epidermidis,Klebsiella pneumoniae,etc.There were no significant difference of pathogens between symptom group and non-symptom group.But they were obviously more among senile patients aged over 60 in non-symptom group than that in symptom group(P

Objective To discovery the difference about TCM constitution between urban and rural area from the survey results performed in 2 communities of Beijing. Methods 9 standard survey scales of Chinese Medicine Constitution and four diagnostic methods of TCM were performed to identify body constitution of 161 people whose age are almost 64 years; The distribution of total constitution and the constitution distribution of same sex were further analyzed. Results The distribution of 9 TCM body constitution were different between town and country, the gentleness type distribution in country was lower than city (24.68%, 51.19%) ; Qi-depression type distribution was significant higher in country than city (44.16%,5.95%) . Conclusion Most of people in the country were yang-deficiency type and qi-depression type body constitution, the distribution of which affected by gender and age, etc.

Animals ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myocarditis ; metabolism ; virology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Osteopontin ; metabolism ; Virus Diseases ; metabolism

As the disease progresses, there is a significant change in the body composition of patients with liver cirrhosis, and sarcopenia is one of the common complications in liver cirrhosis, especially in decompensated cirrhosis. About 30%-70% of patients with liver cirrhosis have sarcopenia, which greatly affects patients’ survival and is closely associated with the development of hepatic encephalopathy. Sarcopenia may also increase the risk of infection. Sarcopenia and muscle fatty degeneration can be used as poor prognostic indicators of hepatocellular carcinoma and may increase the risk of recurrence of liver cancer. This article reviews the research advances in the definition of sarcopenia, the association of sarcopenia with liver cirrhosis, and assessment and clinical management of sarcopenia.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; therapeutic use ; Cardiomyopathies ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Moricizine ; therapeutic use ; Tachycardia ; complications ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the underlying relationship between hyperglycemic factors in type 2 diabe- tes.Methods Fifty seven type 2 diabetes with obesity (DM-OB)and 64 without obesity(DM-NOB)were recruited. Age,body mass index(BMI),hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c),homeostasis model assessment-2 insulin resistance (HO- MA-IR),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP),fasting plasma glucose,postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), postprandial glucose excursion(PPGE),lipid profile,blood pressure were determined.Results DM-OB subjects had significantly higher HOMA-IR,BMI,DBP,TC,hsCRP,HbAlc,LDL-C when compared with DM-NOB sub- jects.Pearson correlation analysis,in DM-OB subjects,BMI,FBG,FPG,HOMA-IR,hs-CRP were all the posi- tive relative factors(P all

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features,treatment method and prognostic factors of the gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (gNENs).Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with gNENs who were admitted to the Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 2002 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients received gastroscopic examination.Patients with well-differentiated and diameter ≤ 2 cm gNENs received endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection.Patients with poordifferentiated and diameter ＞ 2cm tumors received surgical resection of gNENs.Patients were followed up via phone call,mail or out-patient examination till October 31,2013.The Kaplan-Meier method was used for drawing the survival curve and calculating the survival rate.The univariate analysis was done by Log-rank test and the multivariate analysis was done by COX proportional hazards model.Results Fifty-eight patients had pain and discomfort in the epigastric region.Thirty-two gNENs were located at the cardia,40 at the body and 8 at the pylorus.Fortyfour gNENs were ulcerative type,25 were polypoid type,11 were protruded type.The mean diameter of the gNENs was 2.6 cm (range,0.4-7.5 cm).Twenty-seven gNENs were in grade 1,10 in grade 2 and 43 in grade 3.Forty-five gNENs were localized,34 gNENs had lymph node involvement (2 gNENs had distal metastasis),and 1 gNENs had distal metastasis.Thirty-one patients received endoscopic resection,and did not receive adjuvant therapy.Forty-nine patients (6 with gastric neuroendocrine tumor and 43 with gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma)received radical resection,including proximal subtotal gastrectomy in 16 patients,distal subtotal gastrectomy in 15 patients,total gastrectomy in 15 patients and distal subtotal gastrectomy + resection of the liver metastasis in 3 patients.Thirty-four patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and 15 did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy.Seventy-nine patients were followed up for a median time of 42.0 months (range,2.0-113.0 months).The mean time of survival was 75.6 months(range,2.8-100.8 months),and the 1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates were 91.3％,75.8％ and 66.5％,respectively.The 5-year survival rates of patients with gNENs in grade 1,grade 2 and grade 3 were 100.0％,100.0％ and 38.0％,respectively.The results of univariate analysis showed that the gender,treatment methods,adjuvant chemotherapy,types of tumor,tumor diameter,classification and staging of the tumor were correlated with the prognosis of the patients (x2=9.550,17.488,25.038,14.994,6.897,25.234,22.066,P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that the gender was the independent risk factor influencing the prognosis of the patients (RR =11.280,95％ confidence interval:5.353-19.121,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The clinical presentations of gNENs are often nonspecific.The main presentation of gNENs is pain in the epigastric region of the abdomen,and most of the gNENs are located at the cardia or body of the stomach.The staging and grading of the gNENs are varied,and the prognosis is related with the gender of the patients.Endoscopic or surigcal resection is the main treatment method for gNENs.Female patients have a better prognosis than male patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of Rho kinase inhibitor,fasudil,on pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat in rats in order to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.Methods A total of 72 SpragueDawley male rats of specific pathogen free (SPF) were randomly (random number) divided into four groups:the normal control group (NS group,n =18),fasudil control group (FS control group,n =18),paraquat poisoning group (PQ poisoning group,n =18) and fasudil intervention group (FS intervention group,n =18).On days 7,14,28 after paraquat exposure,six rats were respectively selected from each group.These rats were anesthetized and sacrificed immediately,and their lung tissues were collected.The hydroxyproline (HYP) in the lung tissue was detected by using alkaline hydrolysis.The expressions of type Ⅰ,Ⅲ collagen protein,connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and ROCK1 mRNA in Rho/ROCK signaling pathway were assayed by using the real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR),and the levels of type Ⅰ,Ⅲ collagen protein,connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and Rho / ROCK signaling pathway ROCK1 protein were measured by using Western blotting.The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed under light microscope.Results There were no significant differences in the observed biomarkers between FS control group and NS group (P ＞ 0.05).While in PQ poisoning group and FS intervention group on days 7,14,28 (all P ＜ 0.05),the amount of HYP increased obviously (P ＜ 0.05),the expressions of type Ⅰ,Ⅲ collagen protein,CTGF,ROCK1 mRNA and protein levels were increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the PQ poisoning group,the amount of HYP decreased significantly,and the expressions of type Ⅰ,Ⅲ collagen protein,CTGF,ROCK1 mRNA and protein levels were decreased significantly in FS intervention group on days 7,14,28 (all P ＜ 0.05).The pathological changes of lung tissue revealed that the degree of pulmonary fibrosis in the PQ poisoning group were most serious on 28 d after paraquat exposure,and the degree of pulmonary fibrosis were lessened in FS intervention group on days 7,14,28.Conclusions ROCK inhibitor,fasudil,has obvious therapeutic effects on paraquat-induced lung fibrosis,by regulating Rho / ROCK signaling pathway with downregulated expression of CTGF,and decrease in the levels of type Ⅰ,Ⅲ collagen protein,thus reducing protein deposition.

Objective To evaluate the postoperative prognosis of the modification of diet in renal disease formula (MDRD) in coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in hospital or 4 years after hospitalization. Methods Two hundred and seventy-two CABG patients were divided into 3 groups according to the levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) including 35 cases in eGFR < 60 ml/min group, 119 cases in 60 ≤ eGFR < 90 mL/min group and 118 cases in eGFR ≥90 ml/min group. The prognostic factors of CABG patients were analyzed by COX proportional hazards models. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare survival curves among the three groups stratified by eGFR levels. The Log-rank statistic was used for comparing between groups. Results By multivariate COX regression adjustment for body mass index, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipaemia, diabetes mellitus, previous MI, perioperative PCI and etc. , the relative risk (RR) of the increasing age for cardiac events was 1.077(95% CI 1.002-1.158,P =0.044). RR of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 0.005(95% CI 0.000-0.456,P =0.022). RR of eGFR was 0.968(95% CI 0.948-0.988,P =0.002). The survival rate in the first, second, third and fourth year were same in every group. The survival rate of group with eGFR < 60 ml/min, 60 ≤ eGFR < 90 ml/min and eGFR≥ 90 mL/min was 76.4%, 93.1%, and 96.6%. The survival rates among three groups were statistically significant. In the survival curve of 4 year follow-up after CABG, the survival rate of group with eGFR < 60 mL/min was lower than that of 60 ≤ eGFR < 90 ml/min group and eGFR ≥ 90 ml/min group. Conclusions The preoperative eGFR is an independent risk factor in evaluating cardiac events in hospital and after hospitalization. It has a higher prognosis value in patients undergoing CABG.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect on the expression of regulated upon activation,normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and monocyte ehemotactic activity of ectopic endometrial stromal cells by nuclear factor(NF)-kB decoy oligonucleotides (ODN). Methods The stromal cells of ectopic endometrium were divided into 3 groups. Two groups were cultured with or without 10 μg/L of interleukin (IL)-1β. Another group was transfected with NF-kB decoy ODN with the aid of a lipofectamine reagent. After 4 h of transfection, 10 μg/L of IL-1β was added to induce the stromal cells to secrete RANTES. Concentration of RANTES in the supernatant at 4, 8, 12, 24 and 36 h was measured with the sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). U937 monocyte chemotactic activity was assayed in Boyden chambers. The specific RANTES-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies at serial doses (0. 5, 1, 2, 4and 8 mg/L) were added into IL-1β induced medium of 24 h to detect the monocyte chemotactic activity of RANTES in supernatant. Results The concentration of RANTES secreted by stromal cells was respectively (58 ± 10), ( 150 ± 35 ), ( 360 ± 46 ) and ( 586 ± 42 ) ng/L after IL-1β stimulation for 8,12,24 and 36 h,significantly higher than that of stromal cells cultured without IL-1β. The concentrations of RANTES were respectively (86±16), ( 128±28 ) and ( 183±32) ng/L after IL-1β stimulation for 12, 24 and 36 h in stromal cells transfected with NF-kB decoy ODN, evidently lower than that of stromal cells stimulated with IL-1β alone. The monocyte ehemotactic index of 12, 24, 36 h in conditioned medium of stromal cells transfected with NF-kB decoy ODN was respectively 10. 3 ± 0. 9, 13.7 ± 1.1, 18.6 ± 1.2, which was evidently lower than that of stromal cells stimulated with IL-1β alone. The anti-RANTES antibody at 0. 5, 1,2, 4 and 8 mg/L inhibited respectively 5%, 23%, 40%, 62% and 61% of the chemotactic activity in 12 h medium treated with IL-1β. Conclusions RANTES accounts for the majority of the monocyte chemotactic activity in IL-1β induced medium of 24 h. NF-kB decoy ODN may influence the feed-forward inflammatory loop whereby IL-1β from activated macrophages can lead to RANTES production by ectopic implants and further monocyte chemotaxis.