Audiometry, Speech ; Congresses as Topic

Objective To understand the side-effects of cyclophosphamide (CTX) in the treatment of systemic autoimmune diseases and the possible risk factors. Methods Two hundred and forty-one patients with systemic autoimmune diseases were recruited from the Rheumatology Division of Peking University First Hospital during January 1st, 2009 and March 31, 2012. All the patients received oral or intravenous cyclopho-sphamide. The data were collected by medical record review as well as telephone follow-up. Logistic regression analyses were used for statistical analysis. Results Statistical analysis for age, sex, disease, cumulative dose, treatment duration and mode of administration were included in the factor analysis that would impact the CTX related side-effects. Age ( x2=14.8, P=0.002), gender ( x2=11.2, P=0.001), the underlying disease ( x2=26.1, P<0.01), cumulative dose ( x2=9.8, P=0.007) and mode of administration of CTX ( x2=19.5, P<0.01) were all correlated with the incidence of CTX side-effects. Multivariate analysis showed that women [OR=2.32, 95%CI (1.15, 4.70), P=0.02], intravenous-oral sequential use of CTX [OR=5.25, 95%CI (2.30, 11.97), P<0.01] and systemic lupus erythematosus [OR=4.02, 95%CI (2.24, 7.21), P<0.01] as the underlying disease were independent risk factors for CTX side-effects. Conclusion Alopecia, gastrointestinal discomfort and gonads toxicity ware com-monly seen in Chinese patients with systemic autoimmune diseases receiving CTX. Hemor-rhagic cystitis is very rare. Women, intravenous-oral sequential use of CTX and the systemic lupus erythematosus are indepen-dent risk factors for CTX side-effects.

Objective To study on the relationship between insulin resistance and thyroid nodule in the patients of normal glucose metabolism. Methods The clinical data of 105 patients of normal glucose metabolism were analyzed. The patients were divided into nodules group (54 patients) and non- nodules group (51 patients). The age, sex, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial 2 h blood glucose (2 h PG), fasting insulin (FINS), postprandial 2 h (2 h INS), fasting C peptide (FC-P), postprandial 2 h C peptide (2 h C-P), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood uric acid (BUA), homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were compared between two groups. According the level of HOMA-IR, 105 patients were divided into different subgroups, the detection rate of thyroid nodules was compared. The influencing factors of thyroid nodules were analyzed by multi-factor Logistic regression analysis. Results The age and sex between two groups had no significant differences (P>0.05). The levels of BMI, BUA, HOMA-IR, FPG, FINS, 2 h INS, FC-P, 2 h C-P and HbA1c in nodules group were significantly higher than those in non-nodules group (P<0.05). The detection rate of thyroid nodules in HOMA-IR 3. 01- 4.00 group (12/14) and HOMA-IR > 4.00 group (20/20) was higher than that in HOMA-IR 0- 1.00 group (0), HOMA-IR 1.01- 2.00 group (39.5%, 17/43) and HOMA-IR 2.01-3.00 group (5/17), there were significant differences (P<0.01). Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that the detection rate of thyroid nodules had positive correlation with levels of HOMA-IR, BUA and BMI (OR=0.278, 0.004 and 0.115, 95%CI 1.695-5.043, 1.001-1.015 and 1.046-1.644). The detection rate of thyroid nodules had no correlation with level of FPG (P>0.05). Conclusions The detection rate of thyroid nodules in HOMA-IR>3.00 patients is significantly higher. The insulin resistance, higher BMI and hyperuricemia are the independent risk factors of thyroid nodules.

Objective To evaluate the effects of aerobic combined strength and balance exercise on cognitive function and satisfaction in patients with cognitive impairment no dementia. Methods Four hundred and twenty patients with cognitive impairment no dementia were divided into control group (200 cases) and experimental group (220 cases) by random digits table method. The control group received general health education and rehabilitation training. The experimental group received aerobic combined strength and balance exercise. The patients were assessed with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to evaluate their cognition before training, as well as after training. And the patients′satisfaction with the questionnaire was evaluated. Results The total scores of MoCA, scores of name, attention, language, memory and directionafter training were (23.47 ±2.38), (2.77 ±0.42), (5.09 ±0.86), (2.50 ±0.65), (3.42 ±0.68), (5.03 ± 0.10) points in the experimental group, and (21.20±2.55), (2.31±0.76), (4.71±1.10), (2.35±0.70), (2.23±0.81), (4.48±0.96) points in the control group, and there were significant differences, P<0.05. There were no significant differences in the space and abstract thinking between experimental group and control group:(3.61±0.91) points vs. (3.45±1.09) points, (1.83±0.76 ) points vs. (1.72±0.52) points, P>0.05. The scores of satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group:(49.33 ±1.57) points vs. ( 48.20 ±2.14) points, P<0.01. Conclusion The application of aerobic combined strength and balance exercise could improve the cognitive function and patients′satisfaction.

Objective: To explore the clinical value of transvaginal ultrasonography in diagnosis of ruptured ovarian cyst. Methods:Retrospective analysis the 46 cases of ruptured ovarian cyst diagnosis by transvginal ultrasonography in our hospital which confirmed by surgery and pathology. Results: In the among 46 cases, 39 cases were the corpus luteum cyst, 14 cases were the endometriotic cyst, were all confirmed by surgery and pathology, the diagnostic accurate rate of corpus luteum cyst is 92.3%, the rate of endometriotic cyst is 57.1%. Conclusion:Transvaginal ultrasonography is accurate, rapid and convenient, provides the reliable basis for the diagnose and different diagnose acute abdominal disease.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza injection (SMI) on peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) induced injuries of peritoneal structure and function in a rat model, and to observe the relationship between the failure of peritoneal dialysis and expressions of aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) in peritoneal tissues. METHODS: Fifty-six SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, 1.5% PDS group, 4.25% PDS group, 1.5%PDS+1% SMI group, 1.5%PDS+2% SMI group, 4.25% PDS+1% SMI group and 4.25% PDS+2% SMI group. Two-hour peritoneal dialysis test was performed in rats in different groups by intraperitoneal injection for 8-week. Then rats were killed on the 8th week, and the bloods and peritoneal tissues were gathered. The rate of ultrafiltration, clearance rates of urea nitrogen, creatinine and glucose of peritoneum and content of total protein in PDS were detected. Peritoneal membrane histology was evaluated by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Expressions of ZO-1 and AQP-1 proteins in peritoneal tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method, and AQP-1 protein expression was also detected by Western blotting technique. RESULTS: Compared with normal control group, using of 1.5% PDS and 4.25% PDS caused the changes of structure and function in peritoneum, such as pathological change of peritoneum, decreasing of the rate of ultrafiltration (P<0.05), clearance rates of creatinine and glucose (P<0.01) and the expression of ZO-1 protein (P<0.05), and increasing of the expression of AQP-1 protein (P<0.05). Compared with the simple PDS groups, the pathological damage of peritoneum was lessened and the rate of ultrafiltration and clearance rates of creatinine and glucose were increased in the 1.5% PDS+2% SMI group and 1.5% PDS+2% SMI group. Expression of AQP-1 protein was decreased by 1.5% PDS+2% SMI as compared with 1.5% PDS (P<0.05).[JP] CONCLUSION: SMI can relieve the injuries of function and structure of peritoneum by down-regulating the expression of AQP-1 protein.

Objective:To explore the relationship of perfection of middle school students and parental rearing behavior.Methods:392 middle school students were investigated by FM PS and CFMPS.Results:①There was a significant difference in OR between different gender(t=-3.039,P

Abstract Incomplete combustion of solid fuels produces a large amount of pollutants, which are associated with the incidence and mortality risks of various chronic diseases, making it one of the significant environmental and public health issues in China. Studies have shown that air pollutants generated by the use of solid fuels in households may increase the risk of diabetes by interfering with glucose metabolism and altering insulin resistance, and may also increase the risk of hypertension by inducing vascular oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. This article reviews relevant literature published domestically and internationally from 2001 to 2024, focusing on the impacts of household solid fuel use on diabetes and hypertension, as well as suggestions for reducing household solid fuel use, providing the reference for the prevention of related chronic diseases.

Objective To figure out the optimal parameters of a volumetric modulated arc therapy ( VMAT) plan for cervical and upper esophageal cancer by quality evaluation of VMAT plans with different parameters, and to provide a reference for the design of clinical VMAT treatment plan. Methods Ten patients with cervical esophageal cancer and ten patients with upper esophageal cancer were enrolled as subjects. The Nucletron Oncentra 4. 3 treatment planning system was used to generate plans for Elekta Synergy VMAT accelerator. Six VMAT plans were made with variation in the gantry angle ( 2°, 3°, and 4°), the maximum delivery time (80 s, 110 s, and 150 s), and the collimator angle (0° and 45°). The doses to the planning target volume and organs at risk were analyzed by paired t test. Results For cervical and upper esophageal cancer, the quality of VMAT plans with a collimator angle of 45° was better than those with a collimator angle of 0°(P=0. 003?0. 007). For cervical esophageal cancer, there was no significant difference in quality between VMAT plans with a maximum delivery time of 110 s or 150 s and those with a maximum delivery time of 80 s ( P>0. 05 );for upper esophageal cancer, there was also no significant difference in quality between VMAT plans with three different maximum delivery times ( P>0. 05 ) . For cervical esophageal cancer, the VMAT plans with a gantry angle of 3° had a better quality than those with a gantry angle of 2° or 4°(P=0. 010?0. 048). For upper esophageal cancer, the VMAT plans with a gantry angle of 3° had a better quality than those with a gantry angle of 4° ( P=0. 010?0. 048) . Compared with those with a gantry angle of 2° , the VMAT plans with a gantry angle of 3° had a slightly better dose distribution in the target volume ( P=0. 046 ) , but a slightly higher dose to lung tissue ( V25 and V30 , P=0. 007 and 0. 026) . Conclusions The optimal initial parameters of a VMAT plan for cervical and upper esophageal cancer are a collimator angle of 45°, a maximum delivery time of 80 s, and a gantry angle of 3°.

Chondrosarcomas has low morbidity in China,but we should pay more attention to the results it contributed to.Patients usually have poor prognosis because of defect of surgical resection and resistance to con-ventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Chemotherapy is a significant method to the chondrosarcoma treatment. If we overcome the difficulty of chemoresistance,chemotherapy will kill the sarcoma cells efficiently and inhibit the capacity of metastasis and invasion.The patients will have better prognosis.Finding the mechanisms of che-moresistance in chondrosarcomas is the key, now we review sevaral recent mechanisms of chemoresistance in chondrosarcoma.