Objective To make comparisons of the three models of acute and chronic rheumatic carditis to find out an optimal animal model.Methods AntigenⅠwas a emulsifier mixed by complete freund’ s adjuvant( CFA) and Group A streptococcus(GAS).AntigenⅡwas mixed by incomplete freund’s adjuvant(IFA) and GAS.Female Lewis rats were randomly divided into four groups: A, B, C treatmeat groups were immuned with antigenⅠat the foot pad firstly. Subsequently, rats in group A、B、C were injected antigenⅠ, antigenⅡand activated GAS respectively to make the models of RHD.Rats in control group D were immunized with the same protocol outlined as treatment groups but without GAS. Respectively 7, 12, 24 weeks the rats were sacrificed 24 ( each group was 6).The blood biochemical item and Hematoxylin-eosin( HE) staining of hearts were detected.Results In group C the mortality was 25%.In group A, the incidence of carditis was the highest.Histopathological manifestations of group A, C was not only revealed acute damage such as inflammatory cell infiltrate as well as group B, but also the Aschofflike cells in the myocardial cells interstitial.But in group A and C there had a great degree of the inflammatory cells infiltration than group B.At 24th week rats in group A detected the rate and degree of valve fibrosis in chronic damage were higher than group B and C.None of rats in group D presented carditis or valvulitis.Conclusion In group A, giving the GAS with continuous stimulation after using the mixed emulsification of CFA and GAS to immune Lewis rats for five times was a appropriate method which could provide an optimal animal model for experimental study of acute and chronic rheumatic heart disease.

Objective:To investigate the association between MIC allele polymorphism and susceptibility to Ureaplasma urealyticum infection. Methods:PCR-SSP and PCR-SBT were used to analyze the gene polymorphism of every one. Results:Twelve allele genes of MICA and five MICA-STR and fourteen MICB were found in the participants,the frequency of MICA?010 and MICB?009N were higher in ureaplasma urealyticum infection patients than in healthy controls(MICA?010:OR=3. 85,95%CI:2. 12-6. 99, Pc<0. 05;MICB?009N:OR=3. 22,95%CI:1. 33-7. 80,Pc<0. 05);the frequencies of MICA-A5. 1 and MICB?00502 were lower in ureaplasma urealyticum infection patients than in healthy controls(MICA-A5. 1:OR=0. 61,95%CI:0. 40-0. 94,Pc<0. 05;MICB?00502:OR=0. 58,95%CI:0. 40-0. 83,Pc<0. 05),the differences were statistically significant;MICA?010/010,MICA?01201/01201 homozygote were higher in ureaplasma urealyticum infection patients than in healthy controls(MICA?010/010:OR=14. 84, 95%CI:1. 90-115. 9,Pc<0. 05:MICA?01201/01201:OR=10. 83,95%CI:1. 35-86. 79,Pc<0. 05),the differences were statistically significant. The distribution frequency of MICB?00502/00502 in patients with ureaplasma urealyticum was higher,but the difference was not statistically significant(Pc>0. 05). Conclusion:MIC allele gene polymorphism may be associated with ureaplasma urealyticum infection.

Objective To discuss the active role of health education on control of diabetes mdlitus and prevention of its complications.Methods 96 cases of hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 48 patients in each group from June 2009 to June 2010.The control group received conventional diabetes treatment and distribution of health education brochures,based on this,the observation group was given health education,including cognitive,nutrition,behavioral intervention.The general prevention condition of diabetes and its complications as well as the education effect were compared before the education and six months after education.Results The fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,body mass index and incidence of complications were greatly improved in the observation group than those of the control group.Conclusions Strengthening health education can improve self-care ability of patients,effectively improve the overall control level of diabetes,reduce acute and chronic complications,disability,death rate.

This study aims to analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics of HIV-1 strains prevailing among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China. The pol gene fragments from 250 newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected MSM individuals during 2006-2010 in Beijing were amplified by RT-nested PCR, sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed. HIV-1 pol gene from 189 individuals were amplified and analyzed; 81 (42. 9%), 3 (1. 6%), 2 (1.0%), 88 (46. 6%), and 15 (7.9%) individuals were infected with HIV-1 subtypes B, B', C, CRF01_AE, and CRF07_BC, respectively. The subtypes B and CRF01_AE could both be grouped into two clusters, and CRFO7_BC strains shared high homology and were presumed to originate from a common ancestor. The HIV-1 circulating in MSM in Beijing had a lower genetic diversity than in heterosexuals. The HIV-1 epidemic (2006-2010) in MSM in Beijing was actually a rapid spread of HIV-1 CRF01 AE and B, or rather native strains of the two viruses.
Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Epidemics ; Genetic Variation ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; virology ; HIV-1 ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Homosexuality, Male ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDIn China the ginseng root began to be used in medicine over 2000 years ago. Ginsenosides are the most important component isolated from ginseng. The authors investigated the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the spectrum of gene expression in the endothelial cells stimulated by TNF-alpha and further explored the potential molecular mechanism of endothelial protection by ginsenoside Rg1.

METHODSNitric oxide (NO) production in the cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was measured by using an NO assay kit. A home-made oligonucleotide microarray containing approximately 400 cardiovascular disease-related genes was constructed. The alteration of the spectrum of gene expression induced by ginsenoside Rg1 in HUVECs which were activated by TNF-alpha were detected by oligonucleotide microarray analysis.

RESULTSNO production in HUVECs was decreased significantly after TNF-alpha treatment, while pretreatment with ginsenoside Rg1 enhanced NO production in TNF-alphastimulated HUVECs. Ginsenoside Rg1 affected the expression levels of genes involved in vascular constriction, cell adherence, coagulation, cell growth and signal transduction in TNF-alphastimulated HUVECs.

CONCLUSIONSGinsenoside Rg1 could enhance NO production and the expression of eNOS mRNA in TNF-alpha stimulated HUVECs. Ginsenoside Rg1 regulated sets of genes in endothelial cells and protected endothelial cells from TNF-alpha activation. Microarray analysis provided us with valuable insights into the atheroprotective mechanism by gingsenoside Rg1.

Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; physiology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide ; biosynthesis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; analysis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical significance of early diagnose and treatment of subclinical renal allograft rejection.

METHODSNinety-six renal allograft recipients (54 male and 42 female) with normal renal function aged 17 to 58 years (mean 37.5 years) were included in this study. Early subclinical rejection was diagnosed 3 months after the transplantation by color Doppler examination.

RESULTSPatients with early subclinical rejection were given methylpredisolone followed by adjustment of immunosuppressive regimens, and no difference was observed in 3-year survival rate between these patients and those with normal renal allograft findings.

CONCLUSIONEarly diagnosis and treatment of subclinical renal allograft rejection is significant to improve renal allograft survival rate.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Graft Rejection ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Graft Survival ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Time Factors ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color

Objective To describe the clinical and electroencephalographic features as well as the possible etiology and treatment of patients with non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). Methods We identified 5 adult patients with NCSE from the epilepsy database of the comprehensive epilepsy. Continuous electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring was analyzed and chart review was performed to analyze their clinical and electroencephalographic features. Results The patients ranged from 19 to 66 years old. All of the 5 patients showed impaired consciousness: 4 demonstrated agitation and paranoia; 3 had both psychomotor retardation and amnesia; 2 developed verbal automatisms and agnosia; and 1 had disorientation. All the patients had associated generalized discharges but lateralized dominant. Three patients showed clinical improvement following administration of benzodiazepines. Conclusion The NCSE is not a rare case and continuous EEG monitoring can help the diagnosis. Prompt recognition and treatment may be necessary in improving the neurological outcome, and attention should be paid to the identification with other diseases that cause impairment of conscience.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of transplantation of allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on serum biochemical indicators and sporting ability in highly endurance-trained rats from a fasciological perspective.

METHODSThe ADSCs were cultured in vitro. Forty male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 equal groups, namely the blank control group, overtraining (model) group, transplantation without training group and overtraining plus transplantation group. The rats in the two overtraining groups were subjected to exhaustive swimming for 1 week, and in the two transplantation groups, cultured allogeneic ADSCs (2×10(6)/ml) were injected via the tail vein. The exhaustion time in swimming and the serum levels of BUN, LDH, BLa, and Hb of the rats were recorded after the treatments.

RESULTSThe rats in the model group showed significantly increased serum BUN, LDH and BLa levels and decreased Hb level with a extended exhaustion time as compared with those in the blank control group (P<0.01). The BUN, LDH and BLa was significantly lower, Hb level higher and the exhaustion time significantly longer in the overtraining plus transplantation group than those in the model group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSADSCs can effectively prolong the exhaustion time of rats during exhaustive swimming and enhance their sporting ability.

Adipose Tissue ; cytology ; Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Fatigue ; prevention & control ; Hydro-Lyases ; blood ; Lactic Acid ; blood ; Male ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; physiology ; Physical Exertion ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Swimming

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of Rhodiola rosea on the level of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), cell proliferation and differentiation, and number of neuron in cerebral hippocampus of rats with depression induced by chronic mild stress.

METHODFifty rats were divided into 5 groups: normal control, untreated, negative control, positive control and Rhodiola rosea-treated groups. There were 10 rats in each group. Except for normal control group, depression was induced in rats by chronic mild stress. The depressive rats in the other four groups were intragastrically administered with 0.5% sodium carboxymethycellulose, fluoxetine and Rhodiola rosea for 3 weeks. After the treatment, the content of 5-HT in the hippocampus was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The proliferating cells and differentiated cells in the hippocampus were labeled by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) or/and beta-tubulin III immunohistochemistry, and the number of hippocampal neurons was counted by morphometry.

RESULTCompared with the normal control group, the content of 5-HT, number of BrdU positive cells, percentage of BrdU and beta-tubulin III double labeled cells and number of neurons in cerebral hippocampus in the Rhodiola rosea-treated group were increased and recovered to normal level.

CONCLUSIONRhodiola rosea may enhance the level of 5-HT and promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the hippocampus of the depressive rats, and may play a role in saving injured neurons of the hippocampus.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Depression ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhodiola ; chemistry ; Serotonin ; metabolism ; Stress, Psychological ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology

Objective To investigate the awareness and attitude towards menopause and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) among the medical staff of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University.Methods A self-designed questionnaire related to menopause and MHT was conducted among 1143 medical staffs in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University.Results The best-known symptoms,in sequences,were dysphoria and depression (90.6％),sleep disorders (81.5％),hot flashes and night sweating (69.4％),dizziness and palpitation (59.3％),and paresthesia (50.3％).Of 1143 respondents,42.1％(481) knew about MHT,and 62％(709) considered that MHT is necessary for symptomatic menopausal women.Significant differences existed in attitudes towards MHT between different titles and departments (P=0.027,P=0.000).Fifty-seven percent (651) of medical staff expressed concern about the side effects of MHT and had scruples about its use,73.1％(836) believed that MHT can improve menopausal symptoms,while 54.5％(623) believed MHT can prevent and treat osteoporosis.Conclusions The awareness rate on menopause and MHT is relatively low among the medical personnel of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University.There exist differences in attitudes towards menopause and MHT among different departments,doctors and nurses,and different titles.