ObjectiveTo observe the effect of levamlodipine besylate combined with benazepril in treatment of primary hypertension with left ventricular hypertophy.MethodsNinety-eight primary hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy patients were divided into two groups by random number table.Observation group(49 cases) was treated with levamlodipine besylate combined with benazepril,and control group (49 cases) was only treated with levamlodipine besylate.The clinical effect,the levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW),interventricular septal thickness (IVST),left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were compared between two groups.ResultsThe total effective rate in observation group was 93.9％ ( 46/49 ),which was significantly higher than that in control group (77.6％,38/49 ) ( x2 =5.333,P ＜0.05).Before treatment,the differences were not statistically significant in the levels of SBP and DBP (P ＞0.05).After treatment,the levels of SBP,DBP,LVPW,IVST,LVEDD and LVMI were significantly decreased in both groups (P＜0.05).Moreover,the levels of SBP,DBP,LVPW,IVST,LVEDD and LVMI in observation group after treatment were significantly lower than those in control group[ ( 121.27 ± 8.69 ) mmHg( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.( 131.54 ± 9.85 ) mm Hg,( 82.45 ± 4.69 ) mm Hg vs.( 88.49 ± 5.14 ) mmHg,(9.42 ± 1.58 ) mm vs.( 11.41 ± 1.92 ) mm,(9.56 ± 1.31 )mm vs.( 11.38 ± 1.85 ) mm,(47.86 ± 2.38 ) mm vs.(51.46 ±3.25) mm,(108.16 ±6.24) g/m2 vs.(119.21 ±7.68) g/m2] (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Levamlodipine besylate combined with benazepril in treatment of primary hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy can improve the clinical effects and ease left ventricular hypertrophy status,which can be applied in clinic.

Objective To investigate the relation between CAG expansion length and clinical symptoms in hunting-ton′s disease ( HD) ,and to evaluate the value of CAG age product ( CAP score) in the clinical practice. Methods Two Han Chinese HD family members’ clinical data, including clinical symptoms and signs, the Cambridge cog-nitive examination-Chinese version ( CAMCOG-C) and Hamilton depression rating scale were collected, and these two families pedigree trees were drawn. Volunteers peripheral venous blood was extracted to pursue IT15 genetic test. CAP scores among members whose CAG repeat number was more than 35 were calculated. Results The pedi-gree trees indicated that HD was autosomal dominant inheritance. Among 6 participants who had pursued genetic test,1 was normal and 5 were carring expanded allele; according to fomal clinical diagnosis criteria,2 participants were in manifest period and 3 were in pre-manifest period. Individuals in manifest period had clinical triad,and in-divudals in premanifest period,though hadn’ t been clinically diagnoseded, were characterized by subtle motor,cog-nitive,behavioural or personality changes. Conclusion HD prior to clinical diagnosis may have mild clinical symptoms;the more CAG repeats indicate earlier onset, the heavier the symptoms. CAP score as a parameter, combined with the CAG repeat number and the age, is of great significance for predicting the onset age, clinical tri-al subjects grouping, and give a better understanding of the natural history of HD.

Objective To investigate the effect of arthroscopic arthroplasty on the short-term efficacy and stress factors in patients with primary osteoarthritis of the elbow and to guide the clinical application.Methods From February 2013 to February 2016,32 patients with primary primary osteoarthritis of the elbow underwent arthroscopic arthroplasty in Xiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology.The levels of serum TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10,adrenocorticotrophic hormone(ACTH) and other stress factors were measured before and after the operation.The ROM,MEPS and VAS were used to evaluate the curative effect before,3 months and 6 months after operation.Results All patients were followed up successfully.The excellent rate was 96.9%(31/32) 1 year after the operation.Preoperative ROM,MEPS score,VAS score were (83.2±18.6) °,(63.2±14.5) points,(3.2±1.8) points;3 months,6 months postoperative ROM were (102.3±18.9) °,(124.3±15.4) °,and MEPS scores were (75.4±16.8) points and (89.5±14.3) points respectively,which were significantly higher than those before operation (ROM F value of 43.19,P<0.001;MEPS F value of 23.86,P<0.001).Three months,6 months postoperative VAS scores were (0.5±0.2) points and (0.3±0.1) points,which was significantly decreased(76.55,P<0.001);preoperative TNF-α,IL-6I,L-10,ACTH were respectively (12.5±2.5) μg/L,(5.4±2.3) ng/L,(10.5±4.0) ng/L,(22.4±6.3) ng/L,and were (38.4±8.6) μg/L,(25.6±8.4) ng/L,(23.1±4.8) μg/L,(58.6 ± 15.0) μg/L 1 day after surgery,which significantly increased compared with preoperative levels(P<0.05);1 week after patient TNF-α,IL-10 were respectively (9.4±1.2) μg/L,(7.5±3.5) ng/L,which decreased significantly(P<0.001).IL-6,ACTH were respectively (3.1±0.9) μg/L,(19.5±5.8) ng/L,which showed no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion For the modest primary osteoarthritis of the elbow,arthroscopy arthroplasty can achieve good therapeutic effect,improve the patient′s motor function and life quality,and minimally invasive surgical approach is conducive to relieve systemic stress.

BACKGROUND:General y considered bone marrow cells obtained by adherent method are mesenchymal stem cells, and they can differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the differentiation capacity of bone marrow adherent cells into osteoclasts.
METHODS:Primary mouse mesenchymal stem cells were obtained using adherent method, and bone marrow cells were obtained through adherence 1-5 days. Both of them were cultured with normal medium and inducing medium containing m-csf and RANKL. After 9 days, cells were stained by alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. The passage 2 mesenchymal stem cells were divided into four groups, which were induced by mock, m-csf, RANKL and m-csf+RANKL, respectively. After 9 days of culture, the cells were stained by alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Primary culture of adhered cells was uniform. Alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining of primary and passaged bone marrow adherent cells induced with m-csf+RANKL were positive. This result showed that there were cells that could be induced into osteoclasts in the primary and passaged bone marrow adherent cells. Alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining showed differences of adherent cells at different times after the induction, indicating that adherent cells at different times had different differentiation capacity.

Cancer stem cells are a new field with the gradual deep understanding of the stem cell research. Although its history is not long, the rapid development showed a good potential prospect. The existence of cancer stem cells and its use as tumor formation, growth and metastasis-based approach has been widely recognized. In theory, cancer stem cells derived from normal stem cells can transform. Cancer-causing factors can also be derived-from the dedifferentiation induced cells. Because it contains all-round, multi-and single stem cell, with the proliferation and differentiation potential of different directions, it is possible to explain the heterogeneity of tumor cells, and reasons for hypoxic environment, anti-cancer drugs and radiation resilience. In this area, it has been made a lot of progress in recent years. However, there are still some problems to be solved. Such as the identification of cancer stem cells, biological function and mechanism.

Since the oral rehydration salts solution(ORS) has been used to treat acute diarrhea of children, there are different kinds of ORS in order to satisfy the need of clinical work. They are the initial WHO-ORS, other substances-supplemented ORS and the reduced osmolarity ORS, each of which has their own efficiency and advantage.

Objective To investigate the association of serum ferritin and hemoglobin with the pathogenesis of primary restless legs syndrome(RLS). Methods Thirty-five patients with primary restless legs syndrome and twenty insomnia controls were included in this study. The level of serum ferritin and hemoglobin were measured, and the data have been analyzed using t-test. Results The level of serum ferritin in the primary RLS patients (89.77μg/L (SD:48.52)) was significantly lower than in the contruls (123.36 μg/L (SD:35.06)) (t=-2.713,P <0.01), whereas the level of hemoglobin have no statistical difference between the RLS group (142.77 g/L (SD: 11.79)) and the control group (139.05 g/L (SD: 12.33)) (t = 1.108, P > 0.05). Conclu-sions The decrease of serum ferritin may be a risk factor of primary restless legs syndrome, but the level of hemo-globin is not associated with primary restless legs syndrome.

@@

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for setting reasonable medicines insurance payment price in China.METHODS:We retrieved and analyzed academic articles formally published at home and abroad,official websites and government documents,summarized.medicines insurance payment pricing mechanism as well as fair solutions to high-cost medicines,so as to put forward the suggestions to formulate reasonable medicines pricing policy in China.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:The international medicines payment prices are usually determined by internal reference pricing method,incremental cost-effectiveness evaluation method and external reference pricing method.The sustainable and fair accessibility of high-cost medicines are promoted by fair medicines pricing program,medicines patent pool,open source medicines discovery znitiative and so on.After the goal of universal health care has been achieved in china,reasonable medical insurance payment price should be explored and formulated.It is necessary to adopt,intemal reference pricing method to determine the payment standard of completitive eneric products,external reference pricing method or incremental cost-effectiveness evaluation method to determine the reference price for price negotiation of the innovative patented medicines;the concept of fair pricing for high-cost medicines.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the early events of norcantharidin (NCTD) induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, the variation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the NF-E2-relate? dactor 2/antioxidant response element(Nrf2/ARE) pathway in human HepG2 cells. METHODS The cyto?toxicity was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. The intra toxicity ROS production was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis with DCFH-DA probe and the effect of NCTD on Nrf2/ARE pathway was detected by luciferase assay in HepG2C8 cells under the same condition. The mRNA expression of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1) antioxidase gene in Nrf2/ARE pathway downstream was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS No significant cytotoxicity was detected after HepG2 cells were treated with NCTD 30, 60 and 120 μmol · L- 1 for 3 and 6 h, but cellular viability was inhibited significantly by NCTD 30, 60 and 120μmol·L-1 for 24, 48 and 72 h(P<0.01). Cell apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest occurred after HepG2 cells were treated with NCTD 60μmol · L-1 for 12, 24 and 48 h. The percentage of apoptosis increased from (4.00 ± 1.98)%to (12.10 ± 1.70)%for 12 h, from (4.05 ± 0.21)%to (31.8 ± 6.50)%for 24 h, and from (3.90 ± 0.85)% to (33.30 ± 1.41)% for 48 h, respectively. The percentage of G2/M phase increased from (16.51 ± 1.58)% to (40.89 ± 0.18)% for 12 h, from (16.99 ± 1.32)% to (55.29 ± 3.99)% for 24 h, and from (14.45 ± 0.59)% to (50.66 ± 5.88)% for 48 h, respectively. Compared with cell control group, the percentage of G1 phase had a significant decrease in the group with NCTD treated at different time points(P<0.01). No significant change in ROS in HepG2 cells was detected after the treatment with NCTD 30, 60 and 120μmol · L-1 for 3, 6 and 12 h. Nrf2/ARE pathway in HepG2C8 cells was activated by NCTD 30, 60 and 120μmol·L-1 for 6 and 12 h. mRNA expression of HO-1 and NQO1 had a signifi?cant activation in HepG2 cells after treatment with NCTD 30, 60 and 120 μmol · L-1 for 6 and 12 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION NCTD can activate Nrf2/ARE pathway in the early stage in HepG2 cells, which may inhibit the intracellular ROS production in the early stage. Activation of ROS may not be the main event in NCTD induced HepG2 cell apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest.