OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficacy of semiextended intramedullary nailing of the tibia using a suprapatellar approach for proximal tibial fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2013 to January 2014, a total of 16 patients with unilateral proximal tibial fractures, 14 males and 2 females, underwent closed reduction and internal fixation with TRIGEN™ META-NAIL™ via the suprapatellar approach. The average age was 42.2 years old (ranged, 26 to 57 years old). Radiographic and clinical follow-up examinations were performed at a minimum of 1 year after surgery. Measurements included surgery time, complications, bone healing time, tibial alignment, knee range of motion, pain scoring (visual analogue scale) and functional outcome (Lysholm knee score).

RESULTSThe average surgery time was (75.7±8.3) minutes (ranged, 65 to 95 minutes). No obvious complications were recorded. Average duration of follow-up was (15.6±8.1) months (ranged, 12 to 24 months). Fifteen patients attained radiological bone union for a mean time of (3.6±1.8) months (ranged, 3 to 5 months). At the final follow-up, all tibial alignments were good, and no patients complained of anterior knee pain. Mean arc of knee motion was (124.4±18.8) degrees for the affected extremity compared with (127.5±16.7) degrees for the contra-lateral knee. The total scores of Lysholm knee score ranged from 77 to 92, average 86.4±12.3.

CONCLUSIONFor proximal tibial fractures,the semiextended intramedullary nailing technique via a suprapatellar approach can obtain satisfactory clinical outcomes with simplicity in reduction and fixation, minimal complications, and good recovery of limbs function.

Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibia ; surgery ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

The author analyzes the basic information in recent years,including overall students scale,students' age,application trends,etc.Some suggestions are made,regarding to recruiting plan,applicant qualification,recruiting mode,etc,in order to further improve the recruiting and graduate management.

Purpose To investigate the effect of small interfering RNA on the increase of myocyte enhancer factor 2A(MEF2A) expression in PC12 cells exposed to hypoxia.Methods PC12 cells were cultured under normal conditions or were exposed to hypoxic conditions.Small interfering RNA targeted MEF2A gene (MEF2A-siRNA) was chemically synthesized. Eukaryocytic expression vector was built and transfected into PC12 cells with liposome. The expression of MEF2A mRNA was detected by real-time PCR. Western blot was used to detect the MEF2A protein.Results Compared with normal control(2~(-△△CT)=1.01±0.02), the mRNA level of MEF2A gene in PC12 cells with the treatment of MEF2A-siRNA was down-regulated significantly by 88%(2~(-△△CT)=0.12±0.03, P＜0.01).The expression of MEF2A protein in hypoxia-treated PC12 cells was markedly higher than that of normal control(98.4±11.7 and 47.5±7.6,P＜0.01).However, MEF2A-siRNA could significantly suppress the increase of MEF2A protein (P＜0.01).Conclusion MEF2A gene silence induced by siRNA might inhibit the increase of MEF2A protein by hypoxia in PC12 cells.

Objective This study was designed to observe the impact of cigarette cessation on anxiety and depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods A total of 690 cigarette smoking patients with CHD identified by coronary angiography (CAG) were included and analyzed in the study.The mental state were scored with Hamilton anxiety (HAMA) and depression (HAMD) scale both on admission and at 6-month follow-up.The patients were divided into two groups based on the cigarette cessation.The score of mental state between the two groups were compared.The patients were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI),coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG),or medicine therapy (MT).Results The clinic data and score of mental state were similar at the time of admission (HAMA:10.66±5.53 vs 11.09 ±5.61,P =0.311;HAMD:29.81 ± 10.13 vs 28.94 ± 10.22,P =0.266 4) between the two groups.After 6 months,the proportions of subjects in smoking cession group with anxiety (24.2％ vs 32.3％,P ＜0.05),depression (18.0％ vs 27.5％,P ＜0.05),and anxiety and depression (7.0％ vs 16.2％,P ＜0.001) decreased significantly compared with those in smoking group irrespective of the treatment strategy.Both the HAMA and HAMD scores were lower in smoking cessation group (HAMA:9.83±3.40;HAMD:24.91 ±7.90) than in smoking group (HAMA:10.98 ±4.87;HAMD:27.70 ± 11.16) (all P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions Smoking cessation is good for the relief of anxiety and depression in CHD patient.

Objective To establish a mouse model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (7,12-DMBA)/croton oil and narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) irradiation.Methods A total of fifty 6-8-week old BALB/c mice (male:female 1:1) were randomly divided into three experimental groups.The group A was treated with chemical carcinogens alone, group B was treated with NB-UVB alone, and group C was treated with chemical carcinogens plus NB-UVB.The general status and skin appearance of mice were observed during the experiment.The survival rate and tumor formation rate of each group was calculated at weeks 5, 10, 15, and 20. Pathological examination was carried out to observe the histological changes of skin lesions.Results Papules measuring≥l mm in diameter began to develop in some mice of the group C at 5 weeks after the first treatment with chemical carcinogens.The tumor formation rates at 20 weeks after treatment were 86.67%, 7.14%, 94.12%in the groups A, B, C, respectively.Pathological examination revealed characteristic changes of squamous cell carcinoma in 13.34%, 0%, 70.59%of the mice in the group A, B, C, respectively.Conclusions Establishment of a mouse model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma induced by 7,12-DMBA/croton oil and NB-UVB is a better method than treated with chemical carcinogens alone or NB-UVB alone.This method can increase the tumor formation rate and incidence rate of SCC, and within a shorter period.

Objective To study the clinical significance of antinuclear antibody (ANA),anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) and antithyroglobulin antibody (Tg-Ab),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4) in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).Methods 46 women with RSA diagnosis in out patient department in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from March 2015 to December 2016 were recruited as the study group,20 women with normal childbirth history were enrolled as the control group,ANA was detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay and ELISA,TSH,FT3 and FT4 were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay technology.Results The positive rates of ANA(IIF),TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab in patients with RSA were 24％,24％ and 15％ respectively which were significantly higher than those in healthy control (P＜0.05).Serum levels of TSH,TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab in patients with RSA were 2.70 ± 1.38 mIU/L,38.99 ± 10.18 IU/ml and 3.07 ± 1.69 IU/ml respectively,which were significantly higher than those in healthy cases (P＜0.05).Conclusion ANA and antithyroid antibodies were closely related with RSA.It is very important to screen ANA and antithyroid antibodies for etiological diagnosis and appropriate intervention in patients with RSA to reduce the incidence of abortion.

Objective To exclude false positivities in detection of IgM antibodies against hepatitis E vires of genotype 4 (HEV-4) using a truncated immunodominant polypeptide of HEV open reading frames (ORF2). Methods The recombinant ORF2 immunodominant polypeptide corresponding to amino acids (AA) 459-607 and a truncated polypeptide corresponding to AA 472-607 were separately applied to coat ELISA plates. Anti-HEV IgM from 35 serum samples with HEV RNA positive, 69 serum samples from healthy individuals and 117 clinically suspicious HEV RNA positive serum samples was detected by an indirect ELISA and was confirmed by western blot in protein level and RT-PCR detecting in RNA level. Results Western blot analysis showed that the sera from HEV patients reacted with the dimmer of peptide 459-607, but they didn't react with the monomer and peptide 472-607. The ELISA showed that all 35 serum HEV RNA positive samples reacted with peptide 459-607 but not with peptide 472-607 and none of the 69 serum samples from healthy individuals reacted with either polypeptide. Among 117 chnically suspicious HEV RNA serum samples, 5 samples reacted simultaneously with both polypeptides. But the difference between 450 nm absorbance (A450) value was less than 0. 5. Western blot analysis demonstrated that all the 5 serum samples were anti-HEV IgM- negative. The 5 serum samples was detected negative by RT-PCR, indicating that the false pesitivities were caused by non-specific absorption. Conclusions ORF2 peptide 459-607 may be used to detect anti-HEV lgM efficiently. The false positivities caused by non-specific absorption can be largely excluded according to the difference between 45Ohm absorbance (A450) value when serum reacts with both polypeptides.

Objective To explore the changes of plasma corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) levels in the young rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.Methods Two hundred and forty young rats were randomly divided into three groups:hypoxic-ischemic brain damage group ( model group,n =80),sham-operated group ( n =80),and normal control group ( n =80).The plasma CRF levels of rats in three groups were detected at 1 h,3 h,6 h,12 h,l d,3 d,5 d and 18 d after hypoxia-ischemia,per ten rats for each time point.Plasma CRF levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.Results Plasma CRF levels of model group,shamoperated group and normal control group showed no significant difference in the young rats after 1 h,3 h,6 h,12 h of hypoxia-ischemia ( P ＞ 0.05 ).But plasma CRF levels in the model group were respectively significantly lower than those of sham-operated group and normal control group after 1 d and 3 d of hypoxia-ischemia ( P ＜0.001 ),and then recovered to the control group levels after 5 d and 18 d of hypoxia-ischemia ( P ＞0.05 ).Conclusion Hypoxia-ischemia affects plasma CRF levels in the young rats,which is related with the duration after hypoxia-ischemia.

Epmedii Folium is a commonly used traditional Chinese drug, and is beneficial for the "liver" and "kidney" s function in Chinese medicine. Recently, the origin of this drug is more complex. Most of the identification studies are emphasized on the species certified by the pharmacopoeia and other related species from the same genus of Epimedium, but few was emphasized on the counterfeit. In this paper, one counterfeit of Epmedii Folium, identified as the dried leaf of Quercus variabilis (Fam. Fagaceae), has been reported based on field investigation, comparing specimen of Epmedii Folium and Q. variabilis,using the macroscopic, microscopic and TmC methods. It is resulted that they could be identified clearly not only by the macroscopic features, such as the vein character and the tooth apex, but also by the microscopic features, such as the vascular bundles of the midrib, the non-glandular hair, the anticlinal wall of the epidermis cell and the calcium oxalate crystal. Furthermore their TLC chromatograms showed also difference. This study will give reference for the identification of Epmedii Folium and the related supervision and inspection work.
China ; Discriminant Analysis ; Epimedium ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Quercus ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the effects of bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation on axonal and glial scarring after spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to a sham operation group (group A),a saline treatment group (group B) or a BMSC treatment group (group C).Group A served as controls,in which the canal was opened without damage to the spinal cord.In groups C and B SCI models were established with aneurysm clips and the rabbits of groups C and B were then given injections of BMSCs and saline solution respectively via the intra-intercostal artery at 1 week post injury.At 1 day,1 week,2 weeks and 4 weeks post injury,Basso Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores were assessed to evaluate the recovery of locomotor function in the hind limbs.Spinal cord samples were harvested for HE and Nissl staining,and immunohistochemistry and image analysis were used to detect any changes in neurofilament (NF200) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the injured spinal cords.Results The average BBB scores of group A were significantly higher those that of groups B and C at each time point,and those of group C were significantly better than those of group B at the 2nd and 4th week post injury.At the 4th week post injury,HE staining showed there was no glial scarring or cavities in group A,but that there was glial cellular proliferation,glial scarring and cavity formation at the injury site in groups B and C.In group C all were obviously less than in group B.Nissl staining indicated there were more typical neurons in group A,while there were a larger number of ruptured neurons,more degradation,and irregular remaining neurons in groups B and C.These abnormalities were again significantly more prevalent in group C.Immunohistochemical examination showed significant increases in NF200 positive neurons and GFAP in groups B and C compared with group A.The number of NF200 positive neurons was significantly higher in group C than in group B,but the GFAP positive area was significantly smaller in group C than in group B.Conclusion BMSC transplantation via the intercostal arteries can effectively improve axonal regeneration,attenuate glial cellular proliferation and reduce glial scar formation,promoting functional recovery after SCI,at least in rabbits.