Objective:To investigate the protection mechanism of rosavin in learning and memory ability in subacute aged rats in-duced by D-galactose. Methods:Totally 48 SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, positive drug group, and rosavin group respectively at the dose of 6, 12 and 24 mg·g-1 . Except the normal group, the other rats were with neck subcuta-neous injection of D-galactose 120 mg · kg-1 · d-1 . After 4-week drug administration, the learning and memory ability of rats was studied using Morris water maze. PO2 , SaO2 , the activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) , catalase( CAT) and glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) and the content of O2 and malonaldehyde( MDA) of rats in vivo were determined at the end of the experiment. Results:The aged rats treated with rosavin(12 or 24 mg·kg-1·d-1) were with significant shortened latent period in Morris water maze(P<0. 01 or P<0. 05), and with reduced total swimming distance and error angle. Meanwhile, rosavin(6,12 or 24 mg·kg-1·d-1) could im-prove the concentration of O2 ,PO2 and SaO2 , the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in brain, while decrease the content of MDA with certain dose-effect relationship. Conclusion:Rosavin can inhibit D-galactose induced learning and memory decrease in rats, and the effect may be related with the increase of oxygen content, enzyme activity protection of SOD, CAT, MAO and GSH-Px and decrease of MDA generation.

The main commercial production of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) comes from enzymatic transformation using sucrose as substrate by microbial enzyme fructosyltransferase. A fructosyltransferase genomic DNA was isolated from Aspergillus niger QU10 by PCR. The nucleotide sequence showed a 1 941 bp size, and has been submitted to GenBank (KF699529). The cDNA of the fructosyltransferase, containing an open reading frame of 1 887 bp, was further cloned by RT-PCR. The fructosyltransferase gene from Aspergillus niger was functionally expressed both in Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris GS 115. The highest activity value for the construction with the α-factor signal peptide reached 431 U/mL after 3 days of incubation. The recombinant enzyme is extensively glycosylated, and the active form is probably represented by a homodimer with an apparent molecular mass of 200 kDa as judged from mobility in seminative PAGE gels. The extracellular recombinant enzyme converted sucrose mostly to FOS, mainly 1-kestose and nystose, liberating glucose. FOS reached a maximal value and represented about 58% of total sugars present in the reaction mixture after 4 h reaction. The results suggest that the availability of recombinant Pichia pastoris as a new source of a FOS-producing enzyme might result of biotechnology interest for industrial application.
Aspergillus niger ; enzymology ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; Escherichia coli ; Fungal Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Hexosyltransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Pichia ; Sucrose ; metabolism ; Trisaccharides ; metabolism

Objective To develop a scientific system of core information of health and evaluation index for the elderly Chinese people,which is suitable for the situation of our country.Methods The framework was established by extensive literature review and topic discussions.The index system was constructed with the Delphi method.Results 58 experts in different fields of health were selected in the two rounds of Delphi consultation research.The effective response rates in the two rounds were 96.88％ and 100％ respectively.The average value of the authoritative coefficient was between 0.80 and 0.96.And coefficients of variation were between 6.20 and 12.13.Based on the Delphi consultation research,the core information of health and evaluation index system for the elderly Chinese people were composed of 8 primary indicators closely associated with the positive awareness of aging and senescence and 31 other indicators.Conclusions The architecture of the core information of health and evaluation index system for the elderly Chinese people is stable,and the consultant experts tend to reach a consensus.The evaluation index system contains the most influential factors for the elderly Chinese people,and has the affirmative scientificity,applicability and feasibility.

ObjectivesTo present the current condition of non-invasive ventilation in newborns in the last ifve years in China, to describe the probable research trends of this ifeld, and to provide the possible research directions in future.Methods Using co-word analysis, the keywords “neonate” and “non-invasive ventilation” were searched in the CNKI database. The search results included 457 articles. Then the relation matrix was built by Excel 2010. Finally the visualized network was drawn by Ucinet 6.3.ResultsNasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is primarily for the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in China. Meanwhile, nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are gradually applied in clinic. The application scope of non-invasive ventilation is expanding. Besides the neonatologists, nurses are also paying close attention to non-invasive ventilation.ConclusionsThe visualized network, successfully built by Netdraw, relfects the hot topics and current condition in this ifeld.

In order to authenticate the components of antler powder in the market, DNA barcoding technology coupled with cloning method were used. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences were obtained according to the DNA barcoding standard operation procedure (SOP). For antler powder with possible mixed components, the cloning method was used to get each COI sequence. 65 COI sequences were successfully obtained from commercial antler powders via sequencing PCR products. The results indicates that only 38% of these samples were derived from Cervus nippon Temminck or Cervus elaphus Linnaeus which is recorded in the 2010 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia", while 62% of them were derived from other species. Rangifer tarandus Linnaeus was the most frequent species among the adulterants. Further analysis showed that some samples collected from different regions, companies and prices, contained adulterants. Analysis of 36 COI sequences obtained by the cloning method showed that C. elaphus and C. nippon were main components. In addition, some samples were marked clearly as antler powder on the label, however, C. elaphus or R. tarandus were their main components. In summary, DNA barcoding can accurately and efficiently distinguish the exact content in the commercial antler powder, which provides a new technique to ensure clinical safety and improve quality control of Chinese traditional medicine
Animals ; Antlers ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; Deer ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Powders ; Quality Control

In order to authenticate the components of antler powder in the market, DNA barcoding technology coupled with cloning method were used. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences were obtained according to the DNA barcoding standard operation procedure (SOP). For antler powder with possible mixed components, the cloning method was used to get each COI sequence. 65 COI sequences were successfully obtained from commercial antler powders via sequencing PCR products. The results indicates that only 38% of these samples were derived from Cervus nippon Temminck or Cervus elaphus Linnaeus which is recorded in the 2010 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia", while 62% of them were derived from other species. Rangifer tarandus Linnaeus was the most frequent species among the adulterants. Further analysis showed that some samples collected from different regions, companies and prices, contained adulterants. Analysis of 36 COI sequences obtained by the cloning method showed that C. elaphus and C. nippon were main components. In addition, some samples were marked clearly as antler powder on the label, however, C. elaphus or R. tarandus were their main components. In summary, DNA barcoding can accurately and efficiently distinguish the exact content in the commercial antler powder, which provides a new technique to ensure clinical safety and improve quality control of Chinese traditional medicine

ObjectiveTo explore the application of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWMRI) in precise radiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma.MethodsThirty-seven patients with biopsy proven esophageal cancer from March 2010 to January 2011 were included.To delineate the gross tumor volume (GTV) using CT and DWMRI images,each patient was examined by DWMRI and CT scan using the same position before radiotherapy.To compare the maximum diameters and volumes of tumor between CT and DWMRI. The tumor lengths measured by esophagogram,esophagoscope,CT and DWMRI were compared.ResultsTumor lengths under esophagogram,esophagoscope,CT and DWMRI were 5.70 cm,6.06 cm,7.97 cm and 5.79 cm respectively. The lengths between CT and esophagogram,CT and esophagoscope,CT and DWMRI had statistical significance respectively (F=4.88,P=0.003).The maximum diameters of tumor shown on CT and DWMRI were 3.79 cm and 3.81 cm respectively ( t =-0.32,P=0.751 ).The GTV were 45.75 cm3 and 38.05 cm3 in CT and DWMRI respectively (t=5.30,P =0.001 ).53 lymph nodes were assessed positive on both CT and DWMRI.DWMRI excluded 25 positive lymph nodes assesed by CT; also confirmed 15 negative lymph nodes excluded by CT,6 of which were paraesophageal lymph nodes.The addition of DWMRI information altered the clinical stage in 6 patients.ConclusionsTumor lengths measured on DWMRI and esophagogram had the optimal approximation.It was easy to find paraesophageal lymph nodes via DWMRI.With the addition of DWMRI information,the target range and clinical stage were alerted in some patients.

Codon usage bias is an important characteristic of genetic information transfer in organisms. Analysis of codon usage bias of different species is important for understanding the rules on genetic information transfer. The previous method for analysis of codon usage bias is mainly based on genomic data. However, this method is greatly limited, because the genome sequences of higher organisms are still not available up to now. In this study, we found that we could obtain the same optimal codons of Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis: Fr.) P. Karst based on its whole genomic data or large-scale transcriptomic data from its liquid-cultured hyphae, primordium and fruiting body, separately. This result indicated the feasibility to understand the codon usage bias based on the large-scale transcriptomic data. By calculating the proportion of rare codons of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in 26 terpene synthases (TS) of G. lucidum, we found that the rare codons of S. cerevisiae have a higher proportion in TS genes, while the rare codons of E. coli have relatively lower, suggesting that the TS genes of G. lucidum are possibly more difficult to be expressed in S. cerevisiae than in E. coli. Chemical synthesis of TS genes according to the yeast optimal codons will be an effective way to solve the problem on the mismatch of gene codon bias between the foreign genes and the host strain.
Codon ; Escherichia coli ; Genome, Fungal ; Reishi ; genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Transcriptome

Objective This study was designed to observe the impact of cigarette cessation on anxiety and depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods A total of 690 cigarette smoking patients with CHD identified by coronary angiography (CAG) were included and analyzed in the study.The mental state were scored with Hamilton anxiety (HAMA) and depression (HAMD) scale both on admission and at 6-month follow-up.The patients were divided into two groups based on the cigarette cessation.The score of mental state between the two groups were compared.The patients were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI),coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG),or medicine therapy (MT).Results The clinic data and score of mental state were similar at the time of admission (HAMA:10.66±5.53 vs 11.09 ±5.61,P =0.311;HAMD:29.81 ± 10.13 vs 28.94 ± 10.22,P =0.266 4) between the two groups.After 6 months,the proportions of subjects in smoking cession group with anxiety (24.2％ vs 32.3％,P ＜0.05),depression (18.0％ vs 27.5％,P ＜0.05),and anxiety and depression (7.0％ vs 16.2％,P ＜0.001) decreased significantly compared with those in smoking group irrespective of the treatment strategy.Both the HAMA and HAMD scores were lower in smoking cessation group (HAMA:9.83±3.40;HAMD:24.91 ±7.90) than in smoking group (HAMA:10.98 ±4.87;HAMD:27.70 ± 11.16) (all P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions Smoking cessation is good for the relief of anxiety and depression in CHD patient.

Objective: To establish the inorganic elemental fingerprint of Guilingji Capsule and evaluate the uniformity of the product quality, and explore the characteristic elements in Guilingji Capsule. Methods: The levels of 14 inorganic elements in 10 different production batches of Guilingji Capsule were determined by ICP-MS with microwave digestion for sample preparation. The content distribution curve of inorganic elements was plotted, and the principal component analysis (PCA) were analyzed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. Results: Forteen kinds of inorganic elements were selected to establish fingerprint for describing and identifying the quality of Guilingji Capsule. The similarity (angle cosine value) were all more than 0. 970. Four main factors were selected by PCA. The PCA results showed that Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Se might be the characteristic elements in Guilingji Capsule. Conclusion: The inorganic elemental fingerprint of Guilingji Capsule can provide the research basis for quality control.