Objective: To study the impression of Chinese people on Chinese urban children, their main source of information about the Chinese people, and the infvuence of age, school, and gender upon their evaluation. Methods: 383 Chinese urban children ranging from 5 to 12 years were interviewed individually or investigated with the questionnaire. Results: Most of the children reported that the Chinese were happy, clean, peaceful, clever, hardworking, kind and nice. However, the urban children's positive impression of the Chinese people was decreased with their growing up. The study also found that children's information on the Chinese people was mainly in order from television, newspapers, books and cartoons, parents, classmates, friends and teachers, and radio, and that the information source became increasingly diversificed with age. No significant difference in gender and between two schools was found. Conclusion: Chinese urban children had a positive impression of Chinese people, and they had a preference and identity for Chinese people . Mass media were the main source of information.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hospital admission cases with chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020. Methods Data of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020 were collected through Guangdong Province Health Statistics Network Reporting System，and descriptive analysis was conducted. The seasonal characteristics of the number of hospitalized poisoning cases were analyzed by the concentration method，the seasonal index（SI）was calculated by the weighted annual ratio averaging method，and the spatial auto-correlation of regional poisoning trend was analyzed by the global and local spatial autocorrelation. Results From 2016 to 2020，the number of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province was 54 656，showing a general decreasing trend. The sex ratio（male to female）was 0.90 ∶1.00. The top three types of hospitalization rates were carbon monoxide poisoning，alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The main poisoning groups were students and children， farmers，workers and unemployed people，accounting for 31.74%，18.53%，13.91% and 10.39%，respectively. The 74.37% of poisoning cases were cured or improved and discharged，and the case fatality rate was 0.48%. The top three hospitalization rates in age group of 0-<5 years were organic solvent，metal and carbon monoxide poisoning. The hospitalization rate of carbon monoxide poisoning ranked the first among all age groups of ≥5 years. The top three regions with the highest average annual hospitalization rate were Shaoguan City （25.14/105 ），Qingyuan City （17.04/105 ） and Meizhou City （16.09/105 ）. Carbon monoxide poisoning had a strong seasonality（M=0.77），with high incidence months of January，February and December（SI were 3.60，3.08 and 2.48，respectively）. The inpatients with chemical poisoning showed non-random distribution and spatial correlation（all P<0.01），with a high-high clustering among 13 districts and counties in northern Guangdong（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The number of hospital admission cases of chemical poisoning showed an overall decreasing trend in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020. The main types of poisoning were carbon monoxide poisoning，alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The spatial distribution of chemical poisoning types showed spatial correlation and there were high-high clustering areas.

In this study, calcium phosphate cements (CPC) were prepared by mixing cement powders of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) with a cement liquid of phosphate acid saline solution. Tetracycline (TTC)-CPC, chitosan-CPC and chitosan-TTC-CPC were investigated with different premixed schedule. It was demonstrate that both TTC and chitosan worked on the phase transition and crystal characteristics. TTCP mixed with phosphate acid saline solution had similar features of Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) no matter it was mixed with chitosan or TTC or both. TTC premixed with cement liquid or powder had significant different features of FT-IR and 876 cm(-1) seemed to be a special peak for TTC when TTC was premixed with cement liquid. This was also supported by XRD analysis, which showed that TTC premixed with cement liquid improved phase transition of TTCP to OCP. Chitosan, as organic additive, regulates the regular crystal formation and inhibits the phase transition of TTCP to OCP, except when it is mingled with cement liquid premixed with TTC in field scanning electron microscope. It was concluded that the premixed schedule influences the crystal formation and phase transition, which may be associated with its biocompatibility and bioactivities in vivo.

Objective To investigate the roles of interleukin(IL)-25,eosinophils in the occurrence of bronchial asthma.Methods Selected 30 cases of acute episode of asthma(asthma group),and ease a group of 23 cases of asthma treatment(remission group),20 cases of the normal control group.Using the method of gradient ultrasonic atomizing inhalation of Hyperosmotic saline collection of induced sputum specimens,by ELISA method for the determination IL-25 level in induced sputum,count of eosinophils,analysis of correlation between them.Results Group IL-25 in induced sputum of asthma and eosinophil levels[(313.12±75.64)ng/L vs(236.43±57.90)ng/L]were sig-nificandy higher than the control group[(0.386±0.267) × 109/L vs(0.005±0.002) × 109/L],and significantly higher than acute stage in remission stage[(268.63 + 40.19) ng/L,(0.120 + 0.016) × 109/L](P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion IL-25 has an important role in asthma development.It provides a new way of thinking for monitoring and treatment.

Objective To evaluate the results of using focus clearance and morselized bone graft to treat a well-fixed socket osteolysis after total hip arthroplasty (THA) during cementless acetabular revisions.Methods From March 2006 to March 2009, 23 patients (23 hips) who had an acetabular revision hip arthroplasty of well-fixed socket for osteolysis were retrospectively reviewed, including 13 males and 10 females with an average age of 46.6 years (range, 39-54), and the mean interval from primary to revision THA was 5.5 years (range, 4.6-7.4). The preoperative Harris hip score was 74. The operative technique included debridement of soft tissues with removal of granulomata and packed tightly with morselized cancellous allograft through ilioinguinal approach, and exchanging the liner and femoral head through the posterior-lateral approach of the hip. Results The mean duration of follow-up after revision was 28 months (range, 8-38). At final follow-up, all hip were functioning well and the average Harris hip score was 93.8. Osteogenesis in bone graft were well-developed in 16 patients. Twelve bone grafts were completely incorporated into surrounding bone through creeping substitution. All acetabular components remain radiographically well-fixed and no loosening and shifting. There were no new osteolytic lesions, ectopic ossification, deep venous thrombosis, hip dislocation or infection during follow-up. Conclusion Our revision strategies included debridement and bone grafting, a revision of femoral heads and polyethylene liner and retention of the cups and femoral stems. The method can reduce the amount of the wear particle from polyethylene. The short-term outcome is excellent.

Objective To investigate the alteration of NKT cells number in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its correlation with SLE disease activity.Methods Blood samples were obtained from 30 patients with SLE and 30 healthy control subiects.The number of NKT cells from peripherial blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were detect by flow cytometry (FCM).Two independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation was used to evaluated the relationship between SLE disease activity and NKT cells.Results Compared with healthy controls [(4.16±0.22)%],lower number of NKT cells were found in SLE group[(2.53±0.33)%](P<0.05).An inverse correlation was observed between the frequency of NKT cells and IgG,anti-dsDNA,SLE disease activity index.Conclusion Reduced proportions of NKT cells observed in patients with SLE and is associated with high SLE disease activity.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum antinuclear antibody (ANA) expression and clinicopathologic characteristics as well as the prognosis in colorectal cancer patients.Methods Analysis was performed for 198 cases with histologically proven adenocarcinoma of colorectal cancer who underwent curative resection from January 2009 to December 2010.There were 113 males and 85 females,average age of 63.9 (22 to 92) years.Serum ANA expression was detected by indirect immunofluorescence.Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between clinicopathological features and serum ANA expression,Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to compare DFS between ANA positive and negative group,multivariate analysis was used to measure the impact of confounding variables on survival.Results Positive serum ANA was detected in 51 (25.76％) of the 198 patients,higher than that of the control group 8％ (4/50).By univariate analysis,we found that serum ANA positive was related to age ＜ 65 years (x2 =4.87,P =0.027 3),tumor size ≥5 cm (x2 =5.56,P =0.018 3),invasion depth (x2 =325.89,P ＜0.000 1) and tumor course≥5 months (x2 =5.43,P =0.019 8) respectively,and not related to gender,tumor location,tumor differentiation,lymph node and distant metastasis (P ＞ 0.05).Multivariate analysis identified that only invasion depth of tumor led to serum ANA expression significantly.Conclusions Tumor invasion depth impacts on serum ANA expression significantly,while the expression has no correlation with the prognosis of colorectal cancer.

This paper discusses how to build a virtual laboratory in medicine based on virtual technology,and studies the virtual reality,virtual instrument,virtual laboratory and its features and significance in experiment teaching.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the diagnosis and treatment of the extra-articular inflammatory pseudotumor after well-fixed metal-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods From March 2006 to June 2011,7 patients (7 hips) who presented with a progressive pain and/or swelling,discomfort in groin or upper thigh after metal-polyethylene THA were admitted to our hospital.There were 2 males and 5 females,with an average age of 48.8 years (range,32-65 years).All 7 patients were identified with a periprosthetic osteolysis at the acetabular and/or femoral components and a mass in the iliac fossa or the thigh; however,the components were all well-fixed.The masses were confirmed by CT scanning and/or ultrasound examination.The revision procedures were done through ilioinguinal approach and posterior-lateral approach,and the pseudotumors were excised and osteolytic lesions were debrided and packed tightly with morselized cancellous allograft.The liner and femoral head were also exchanged at the same time.Clinical and radiographic outcomes of revision THA were evaluated.Results All 7 patients were followed up for 3-42 months (average,30 months).At final follow-up,all hips were functioning well and the average Harris hip score was 92.4.All acetabular components remained radiographically well-fixed.All cavitary defects had complete radiographic incorporation of the bone grafts.There were no new pseudotumor or osteolytic lesions identified,and no revision of the components.Conclusion The presence of abdominal or pelvic pseudotumor in patient with a THA may be associated with polyethylene wear.Once the extra-articular pseudotumor and the periprosthetic osteolysis are identified,the surgical treatment,including pseudotumor excise,osteolytic lesion debride and bone defect grafting and bearing surface exchange,can achieve retention of well-fixed components.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the short-term clinical effects of the two-stage cementless total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of chronic infection after the internal fixation of the adult proximal femoral fracture.Methods From June 2006 to June 2011,9 patients who had suffered a chronic infection after an internal fixation of the proximal femoral fracture,including 8 males and 1 female,aged from 31 to 74 years (average,52.6 years),were treated with two-stage cementless total hip arthroplasty.There were 3 cases of femoral neck fracture,and 6 cases of intertrochanteric fracture.In the first stage,after surgical debridement and thorough removal of all the implants,an antibiotic-loaded cement spacer was implanted.All patients postoperatively underwent intravenous and oral antibiotics,and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were tested.When the values of ESR and CRP become normal,the second stage operation using cementless components was performed.Results The presence of infection was confirmed by a positive culture of joint fluid obtained intraoperatively in two cases;one case was staphylococcus aureus and another one was staphylococcus epidermidis.The second stage arthroplasty was performed 6-14 months (average,9 months) after the first stage operation.All 9 patients were followed up for an average of 23.2 months (range,6 to 50 months).No recurrent infection,component loosening,bone osteolysis and cement spacer or component dislocation occurred.The Harris score improved from 74.6 (range,64 to 86) before the first stage operation to 90.9 (range,86 to 97) at the final follow-up.Conclusion The two-stage cementless total hip arthroplasty is an effective strategy for the treatment of chronic infection after the internal fixation of the adult proximal femoral fracture.