Sphingolipids are structural components of cellular membranes.Their metabolites,such as ceramide,sphingosine,and sphingosine 1-phosphate are important bioactive molecules,which act as the first or second messengers regulating various cellular activities,including proliferation,survival,migration and neovascularization in vitro and in vivo tumor models.Sphingosine kinases 1(SPK1) is a critical regulator of the balance between ceramide and S1P.Recent studies show that ceramide,SPK1 and S1P can regulate many of the hallmarks of cancer.These studies suggest that these metabolites can serve as novel targets for cancer therapy.

Objective To study the sensitivity and specificity of oligoclonal bands (OCBs) and intrathecal IgG synthesis rate (IgG Syn) for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the correlation between qualitative and quantitative indices.Methods Albumin and IgG concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from 30 patients with MS, 40 with other nervous system inflammatory diseases (NID) and 22 with nervous system noninflammatory diseases (NNID) were determined by rate nephelometry method. OCBs in the CSF were detected using isoelectric focusing combined with silver staining, and IgG Syn was calculated. The sensitivity, specificity and positive result likelihood ratio (PRLR) were analyzed.Results There were no significant difference in the abnormal rate of OCBs and IgG Syn between MS group and NID group. When MS and NID groups were compared with NNID group, the difference was extremely significant (all P

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of hypophrenia induced by Down syndrome (DS).Methods Ts65Dn mice were used as DS animal model.Three female mice and three male mice of three to twelve weeks old were mated.Among the 17 first-generation mice alive,five mice remained Ts65Dn trisomy and 12 mice were normal.Five Ts65Dn mice and five normal mice were selected randomly as Ts65Dn group and control group,and bred till 16 to 18 weeks old for experiments.Differential proteins in hippocampus of mice were tested by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ).Expressions of the differential proteins in Ts65Dn group were detected compared with those in control group.Results A total of 2805 proteins were identified in hippocampus of Ts65Dn group and control group,and significant differences were observed in the expressions of 374 proteins.Compared with those in control group,expressions of 195 proteins increased and 179 reduced in Ts65Dn group.Sorted by P value from low to high,the seven proteins with the lowest P value were uncharacterized protein C2orf47 homolog,isoform 2 of filamin A-interacting protein 1-like,zinc finger protein,isoform 1 of pericentriolar material 1 protein,SEC23 interacting protein,BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 3 and serpin H1.Conclusions Differential proteins are observed in hippocampus of Ts65Dn mice,perhaps closely correlating to neurological defects.The new technology of iTRAQ helps to screen and identify differential proteins in hippocampus.

Dynamic fluorescence molecular imaging is a kind of technique that can capture the dynamic physiology and pathology process in vivo by imaging the whole progress of absorption,distribution and elimination of fluorescence molecular probes in small animals.It has the advantages of non-ionizing radiation,fast imaging,high sensitivity and specificity,low cost,and has broad application prospects in basic and clinic medical research.This paper reviews the research progress in dynamic fluorescence molecular imaging from three aspects including system,algorithm and application.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of full-size three-dimensional individual printed model (3D-IPM) for improving the patient's understanding of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) preoperatively.Methods Between June 2015 and June 2016,37 patients with cT1 renal tumors underwent retroperitoneal LPN.The 3D individual digital models (3D-IDMs) were created using 3D medical image reconstructing and guiding system (3D-MIRGS) and the full-size 3D-IPMs were fabricated correspondingly.For each patient and his/her closest accompanying immediate family member (CAIFM),two preoperative conversations with a single surgeon were held by using patient's CT films,the entity of 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration separately.The preoperative levels of comprehension to the renal anatomy,mass characteristics,the upcoming PN procedure,potential complication risks and postoperative prognosis were evaluated using a self-made scoring questionnaire in the patient and CAIFM groups.Results All the fabrications of full-size 3D-IPMs were technically successful.Both in patient and CAIFM groups,the total preoperative comprehending score (total-PCS) elevated significantly by presenting 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration than CT films (42.7 vs.31.5 in patient group,P ＜ 0.05;44.6 vs.33.1 in CAIFM group,P ＜ 0.05).Sub-PCSs in all 5 aspects also showed a uniformed climbing pattern with the assistance of 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration rather than CT films.Conclusion The application of 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration can improve the preoperative comprehension of the patient and CAIFM to LPN with more intuitionistic and verisimilar presentation.

Objective To evaluate the value on screening of diabetic retinopathy with digital fundus photography.Design Prospective observational case series.Participant Consecutive 108 patients with typeⅠand typeⅡdiabetes mellitus,without proliferat- ed diabetic retinopathy determined by dilated ophthalmoscopy in Beijing Tongren Hospital.Methods All the patients received six-fields color fundus mydriatic photography after mydriasis and fundus fluorescein angiography.Diagnosis and grading were made based on fun- dus photography of one-field,two-fields,and six-fields.Fundus fluorescein angiography served as the reference standard.Main Out- come Measures Sensitivity,specificity and kappa value of kappa analyses.Results In comparison with fundus fluorescein angiography, if taking mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy as referable diabetic retinopathy,one-field fundus photography gave a sensitivity of 73.21%,a specificity of 88.64%,and a kappa statistic of 0.46,while two-fields fundus photography gave a sensitivity of 75.00%,speci- ficity of 86.36%,and a kappa statistic of 0.47,and the six-fields fundus photography gave a sensitivity of 76.05%,specificity of 87.80% and a kappa statistic of 0.48.If taking moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy as referable diabetic retinopathy,one-field fundus photography gave a sensitivity of 72.46%,a specificity of 93.01%,and a kappa statistic of 0.68,while two-fields fundus photography gave a sensitivity of 73.91%,specificity of 93.01%,and a kappa statistic of 0.69,and the six-fields mydriatic digital photography gave a sensitivity of 75.36%,specificity of 92.81% and a kappa statistic of 0.70.In comparison with six-fields fundus photography,one-field fundus photography gave a kappa statistic of 0.97.Conclusion One-field mydriatic digital fundus photography centered at fovea for screening of early diabetic retinopathy especially stage DR2 or more severe is feasible

Objective: To study the synthesis, antibacterial activities and structure activity relationship of 7 substituted 1 substituted 6,8 difluoro 1,4 dihydro 4 oxo 3 quinolonecarboxylic acid compounds. Methods: The title compounds were synthesized through the process of condensation, Gould Jacobs cyclization, nucleophilic substitution. Antibacterial activities in vitro were determined with 10 kinds of common pathogenic bacteria. Results: Twenty six compounds of 7 substituted 1 substituted 6,8 difluoro 1,4 dihydro 4 oxo 3 quinolonecarboxylic acids were designed and synthesized. Among them 20 compounds were firstly reported. The chemical structures of all the compounds were determined by IR, 1HNMR and elementary analysis. Especially for type Ⅲ, compound Ⅲ b2 had more potent activity compared with fleroxacin in vitro . Conclusion: Among the 26 kinds of compounds synthesized, some of them have good antibacterial activities, the antibacterial activity of compound Ⅲ b2 is better than fleroracin. The compounds of type Ⅲ should be further studied.

In recent years,fluorescent probes become more available for the progress of biology and gene technology,which has accelerated the development of fluorescence molecular imaging.With these fluorescent probes,target molecular,protein and gene can be specifically located and analyzed,which make possible the early detection and treatment of disease.This paper gives an introduction of the fluorescent probe technology and its application in the fields of biology and medicine.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Honggui capsule combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer. Methods 61 cases of lung cancer patients were randomly divided into group A of 30 cases, treated with Honggui Capsule and chemotherapy, and group B of 31 cases treated with chemotherapy only by the envelope method. After both groups were treated for 21 days, the clinical effect, life quality improvement, improvement of TCM symptoms and the incidence of toxic and side effects in 2 groups were compared. Results After treatment, there was significant difference between group A and B in the tumor response rate (26.7% vs. 3.2%; χ2=4.927, P=0.026), Karnofsky (23.3% vs. 3.3%; χ2=5.410, P=0.020), and improvement of TCM symptoms (13.3% vs. 0.0%; χ2=4.423, P=0.035). During treatment, there was significant difference between group A and B in bone marrow suppression (33.3% vs. 58.1%; χ2=4.778, P=0.029), and gastrointestinal disturbance (16.7% vs. 58.1%; χ2=11.124, P=0.001). Conclusion Honggui capsule combined with chemotherapy has an enhanced efficacy and a detoxicating effect, besides it improves clinical symptoms and reduces the side effects of chemotherapy.

ObjectiveTo study the chemical constituents of Citrullus colocynthis.MethodsThe chemical constituents were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 and recrystallization as well.NMR spectra and physicochemical property were characterized for structural identification.ResultsEleven compounds wereisolatedandidentifiedasβ-sitosterol(1), α-spinasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),α-spinasterone (3),bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (4),p-hydroxybenzoic acid (5),6-C-p-methylbenzoylvitexin (6),dihydrocucurbitacin E (7),cucurbitacin E (8),dihydro-epi-iso-cucurbitacin D (9),dihydroisocucurbitacin B-25-acaetate (10),and cucurbitacin E 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11).ConclusionCompound 6 is a novel compound.Compounds 1-5,7,9,and 10 are isolated from C.colocynthis for the first time.