Objective To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) gene C-28G(RANTES C-28G),RANTES A-403G and Eotaxin-3 gene C +77T(Eotaxin-3 C+77T) with asthma in Han ethnic children. Methods The buccal mucosa swabs of 192 Han ethnic children with asthma (asthma group) were collected,and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was employed to detect the SNP loci of RANTES A-403G,C-28G and Eotaxin-3 C+77T.Besides,another 192 healthy subjects (aged 18 to 22 years) without sibship with those in asthma group were served as controls.Genotype and genotypic distribution between these two groups were analysed. Results There was no significant differences in genotype and genotypic distribution of SNP loci of RANTES A-403G and RANTES C-28G between asthma group and control group (P>0.05),while there were significant differences in genotypic distribution of Eotaxin-3 C+77T between these two groups.The frequency of Eotaxin-3 C+77T T/T genotype in asthma group was significantly higher than that in control group (32.3% vs 12.5%,OR=3.44,P=0.000). Conclusion Eotaxin-3 C+77T may be the asthma susceptible SNP loci for Han ethnic children,and Eotaxin-3 C+77T T/T is significantly related with the development of childhood asthma

Objective To explore ways to decrease peripheral vascular complications during parenteral nutrition through peripheral veins. Methods According to the support sequences of giving peripheral parenteral nutrition, ninty perioperative cases were randomly divided into low(20. 3 kPa·h-1 ),medium(27. 1 kPa·h-1 ) and high(33. 9 kPa·h-1 ) osmotic pressure rates(n=30 in each group). The infusion pump was used to control the rate of infusion. The total parenteral nutrient was infused through BD24G venous indwelling needles. The pain ratings at injection sites were evaluated after parenteral nutrition everyday,the incidences of phlebitis were observed three days later after removing the indwelling needles. ResultsUnder the low osmotic pressure,the pain was mild,while for the medium osmotic pressure,the pain became more obvious. The pain was aggravated obviously under high osmotic pressure. There were only two cases of over grade-II phlebitis under low osmotic pressure rate,9 cases under medium osmotic pressure rate and 14 cases under high osmotic pressure rate, in which a grade-Ⅲ phlebitis developed. Conclusion Decreasing the osmotic pressure rate through peripheral venous is an effective method to avoid or reduce the incidences of peripheral vascular complications with the peripheral parenteral nutrition support.

ObjectiveTo understand the relationship between mycoplasm load in bronchoalveolar lavage lfuid (BALF) with the status of Th1/Th2 immune response in children withMycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).MethodsThe levels of IL-4, IFN, IL-8 , TNF-α in BLAF and total IgE, ECP in serum from 90 children with MPP were measured by ELISA.MP DNA in BALF was detected quantitatively by lfuorescent real-time PCR. Children with MPP (n=90) were divided into two groups of low MP-DNA load (n=24) and high MP-DNA load (n=26) according to the copies of MP DNA in BALF. The cytokines in BALF, and total IgE and ECP in serum were compared between the two groups. The relationship between the levels of cytokines in BLAF and the copies was evaluated.ResultsThe levels of IL-4 and the IL-4/IFN ratio in BALF from the high DNA-load group were signiifcantly higher than that of the low group (t=4.280, 2.076, allP<0.05). The level of IL-4 was signiifcantly correlated with the copies of MP-DNA in BALF from children with MPP (r=0.509,P<0.05). The percentage of total IgE and ECP positive result in serum from the high DNA-load group is higher than that of the low group. (χ2=24.638, 6.392,allP<0.05).Conclusion Infection with high-load MP in children may cause the imbalance of Th1/Th2. And the Th2 cytokines response seems predomi-nant.

To demonstrate the possibility of radiotherapy for echinococcosis of rats and to explore its mechanism of action, the effects of different doses of 6 MV X-ray radiotherapy on the activity of Echinococcus granulosus in rats were investigated. After being irradiated by 10, 20, 30 and 40Gy of 6 MV X-ray, a lot of examinations were carried out, such as examination of the ultrastructure of the Echinococcus granulosus cysts in rat with electron microscope, the total amount of proteins and Ca2+ ion in hydatid cyst fluid(HCF) .The potassium-pyroantimonate(PPA) cytochemical method was used to demonstrate whether the blocked calcium channels would be one reason for radiotherapy on Echinococcus granulosus cysts in rat. It was found that the ultrastructures of E.granulosus cysts showed different extents of alterations or damages with abnormal changes and destruction in tissues or cells of cysts. The total protein amount in HCF was increased, while Ca2+ ions in HCF were reduced obviously in the treated groups of rats , especially in high dose groups. With PPA, some electron-dense precipitates were observed on the mitochondria and endocytoplasmic reticulum in the treated groups. It is evident that the structure of cysts of Echinococcus granulosus in rat can be damaged by radiotherapy with certain extent of the quantity-efficiency relationship.

Objective To investigate the change of HO-1 expression in adipose tissue of obese young SD rats as well as its relationship with macrophage infiltration and polarization. Methods Three-week old SD rats (n=24) were randomly divided into 2 groups, routine diet group (NC) and high fat diet group (FC). After feeding 4 weeks, triglyceride (TG), high den?sity lipoprotein (HDL-C), fasting glucose and insulin were compared between these two groups and the insulin resistance in?dex was calculated. The gene expressions of HO-1, IL-6, IL-10 and MCP-1 were assessed by quantitative PCR. Infiltration and polarization of macrophages and M2 macrophages in the visceral adipose tissue were examined by immunohistochemis?try. Results The levels of FINS, FBG and HOMA-IR in rats of FC group were higher than those of rats in NC group after 4 weeks feeding (P<0.05). The level of HO-1, IL-6, MCP-1 in rats from FC group were significantly higher while level of IL-10 were lower compared with those in rats from NC group after 4 weeks of feeding (P<0.05). In samples from FC groups, more macrophages were detected in adipose tissue by DAB staining than those from NC group. There was no significant dif?ference (P>0.05) in MOD value of F4/80 and CD206 between these two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The infiltration of macrophage in visceral adipose tissue of obese young SD rats significantly increased while HO-1 expression was reactively increased. This insinuated that HO-1 might play an important role in anti-inflammatory mechanism through regulating polar?ization of macrophages.

Objective To evaluate regional airway obstruction with balloon catheter in stabilizing the vital signs in experimental animals suffered from acute massive pulmonary embolism. Methods Pulmonary embolism of right lung artery by using auto-blood clots or detachable latex balloons was established in 27 healthy sheep. When the blood oxygen saturation decreased by 25% compared to that before the procedure,the placement of balloon catheter in corresponding right main bronchus was carried out in 18 sheep (study group). Five sheep were used as control group. The blood oxygen saturation in the remaining four sheep did not reach the intervention level. The pulmonary arterial pressure, the peripheral arterial pressure, the central venous pressure, the heart rate, the blood oxygen saturation, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen as well as of carbon dioxide were invasively determined. Results The experimental model of acute massive pulmonary embolism was successfully established in 23 sheep. After the establishment of pulmonary embolism, increased heart rate, tachypnea, a decrease of ≥ 25% in blood oxygen saturation within 30 minutes and a rise in pulmonary arterial pressure were detected. After the placement of balloon catheter in study group, a reduction of the pulmonary arterial pressure and an elevation of the blood oxygen saturation as well as the arterial partial pressure of oxygen rose. were observed. The difference between study group and control group was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The result of this animal experiment indicates that obstruction of airway with balloon can be served as a first aid for acute massive pulmonary embolism, which can stabilizes the animal's vital signs and, therefore, can help gain precious time for the follow-up thrombolysis treatment.

Objective:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) and herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on anxiety and depression in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) in remission. Methods:Sixty CD cases were randomly allocated into an EA group (n=30) and an herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group (n=30) using the random number table by the ratio of 1:1. In addition, 30 healthy subjects were included in a control group. Bilateral Tianshu (ST 25), Qihai (CV 6) and Zhongwan (CV 12) were used in the EA and herbal cake- partitioned moxibustion groups. The treatment was done 3 times a week, for a total of 12 weeks. The efficacy was evaluated using self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scores. Results:Before treatment, the SAS and SDS scores in CD patients were remarkably higher than those in healthy subjects. After EA or herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion treatment, the SAS and SDS scores were significantly decreased in both groups, showing significant intra-group differences (P<0.05); the symptom scores of abdominal pain (severity, frequency and duration), bowel sounds/flatus and general fatigue were significantly decreased, showing significant intra-group differences (P<0.05); however, there were no between-group statistical differences (P>0.05). Conclusion:Both EA and herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion can significantly decrease abnormally high SAS and SDS scores in CD patients as well as TCM symptom scores. The two therapies share similar effects in alleviating common symptoms and improving anxiety and depression.

Objective To evaluate regional airway obstruction with balloon catheter in stabilizing the vital signs in experimental animals suffered from acute massive pulmonary embolism.Methods Pulmonary embolism of right lung artery by using auto-blood clots or detachable latex balloons was established in 27 healthy sheep.When the blood oxygen saturation decreased by 25%compared to that before the procedure, the placement of balloon catheter in corresponding right main bronchus was carried out in 18 sheep(study group).Five sheep were used as control group.The blood oxygen saturation in the remaining four sheep did not reach the intervention level.The pulmonary arterial pressure,the peripheral arterial pressure,the central venous pressure,the heart rate,the blood oxygen saturation,the arterial partial pressure of oxygen as well as of carbon dioxide were invasively determined.Results The experimental model of acute massive pulmonary embolism was successfully established in 23 sheep.After the establishment of pulmonary embolism,increased heart rate,tachypnea,a decrease of≥25%in blood oxygen saturation within 30 minutes and a rise in pulmonary arterial pressure were detected.After the placement of balloon catheter in study group,a reduction of the pulmonary arterial pressure and an elevation of the blood oxygen saturation as well as the arterial partial pressure of oxygen rose were observed.The difference between study group and control group was statistically significant(P

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a parasitic disease ,which is still endemic in western China .An earthquake struck south-western China on May 12th ,2008 ,which affected Longnan City of Gansu Province considerably .The objective of this survey is to determine the effect of the Wenchuan earthquake on the Kala-azar epidemic in Longnan City .In this study ,VL cases were collected from 2005 to 2013 and diagnosed on positive test for anti-rK39IgG antibodies by the Kala-azar Detect rK39 dip-stick (InBios ,USA) .The incidence rates were calculated among various counties of Longnan City with SPSS 19 .0 soft-ware .The epidemiological characteristics of the disease were analyzed before and after the Wenchuan earthquake .From 2005 to 2013 ,there were 825 VL cases in Longnan City ,with an annual incidence of 3 .36/100 000 and a significantly higher incidence in males than that in females (P＜ 0 .001) .All age groups were affected .During this period ,there was an obvious upward trend from 2005 to 2008 ,and a distinct downward tendency since 2010 .The incidences of VL between 2008 and 2010 were sig-nificantly different with that in other years (P＜0 .01) .Results revealed that VL was widespread in Longnan City ,which was likely exacerbated by the earthquake in 2008 .Earthquake created diverse natural environment and social circumstances ,w hich may contribute to the spread of the VL epidemic .Together ,our data strongly suggest that the epidemic of VL should be close-ly monitored after earthquake .

At present, zebrafish has played an increasingly important role in models for human development and diseases and several areas of life sciences.As a newly laboratory animal resource, standardization research has become the technical bottleneck to be solved and an inevitable trend.In this review, we summarized the research history and character-istics of zebrafish and the status of quality standardization.We also discussed the main problem facing by the standardiza-tion research of zebrafish as a newly laboratory animal.We hope that the data can provide useful reference for the develop-ment of zebrafish quality standardization research.