Objective The present study was to elucidate whether there was a local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)in rat hepatic stellate cells(HSC)and the immortalized rat HSC line—HSC-T6. Methods HSC was isolated by perfusion of collagenase and pronase to liver. The renin activity, angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ) and aldosterone(ALD) concentration in the cells were assayed by radio-immunoassay. Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) activity was detected by ultra-violet spectrophotography. The expression of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor(AT1R) was determined by immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR method was used to assay the mRNA expression of renin, angiotensinogen, ACE, AT1R and CYPⅡB2(the critical enzyme of aldosterone synthesis). Results Ang Ⅱ, ALD, renin and ACE activity could be detected in HSC and HSC-T6. Immunohistochemistry showed that both of them could express AT1R. mRNAs of renin, ACE, AT1R and CYPⅡB2 were also detected in both of them. Conclusions Both rat HSC and the immortalized rat HSC line HSC-T6 possessa a local RAAS.

Objective To evaluate the impacts of the essential medicine system in Jiangsu Province on rational drug use in community health service centers.Methods 7667 outpatient prescriptions from 6 community health service centers in Nantong were selected by cluster sampling from January 2009 to December 2011,the part of SDUIs(Selected Drug Use Indicators)developed by WHO and the self-design indicators were employed to analyze rational use of drugs.Results After implementation of the essential medicine system,the average types of drugs per prescription decreased from 3.02 to 2.74,the rate of antibiotic drugs usage dropped from 61.43％ to 51.2％,the rate of one antibiotic usage reduced from 33.94％to 28.58％,and two types from 20.43％to 15.8％,all with significant differences(P＜0.001).The average expenses in single prescription arose from RMB 69.70 to 87.28,the rate of essential medicine usage increased from 81.22％to 85.60％,the injection utilization decreased from 31.14％ to 14.13％,while TCM utilization ascended from 16.17％to 21.8％,all with significant differences(P＜0.001).Condusion The essential medicine systems has positive impacts on rational drug use,but the expenses of per prescription are higher,and irrational antibiotic drugs are still a serious problem.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Cholecystectomy ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Cervical Vertebrae ; Child ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Male ; Pharynx

Objective To investigate the current prevalence of depressive disorder and the associated factors in pa?tients with essential hypertensive from cardiovascular divisions of tertiary general hospitals. Methods A Chinese version of Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) Axis I Disor?ders was conducted by five mental health professionals on 876 essential hypertensive outpatients at cardiovascular divi?sions of tertiary general hospital. Data on the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of these hypertensive pa?tients were also collected. Results The current prevalence of depressive disorders among essential hypertensive outpa?tients of tertiary hospitals was 16.6%(145/876). Risk factors for depressive disorders in hypertensive patients included fe?male gender (OR=2.817, 95%CI:1.161~6.885), being 65-year-old and older (OR=1.747, 95%CI:1.118~2.688), non-marital status (OR=2.023, 95%CI:1.203~3.398), gradeⅢhypertension (OR=1.776, 95%CI:1.226~2.333) and car?diovascular diseases (OR=2.018, 95%CI:1.427~2.587). Conclusion Essential hypertensive outpatients, who receive med?ical services at cardiovascular divisions of tertiary general hospital, have high prevalence of depressive disorders. Clini?cians should pay more attention to the mental health of outpatients with essential hypertension.

Objective To produce a hybridoma secreting stable monoclonal antibodies against Aβ22-35 and to develop a detection method for the assay of Aβ. Methods Spleen cells from Balb/cmice immunized with Aβ22-35-KLH were fused with mouse myeloma cells SP2/0. The techniques of immunoprecipitation and western blotting plus ECL were used to investigate the levels of Aβ in the rat brain. Results Two strains of hybridomas (3A8 and 3B2) secreting stable monoclonal antibodies raised against Aβ22-35 were obtained. The subtypes of Aβ22-35 were IgG3. The levels of Aβ in young and older rat brain were 9.8±2.8 and 13.36±2.65 (pmol/12mg brain tissues, x±s), respectively. Conclusion The Aβ22-35 mAb obtained had high titres and specificity. The levels of Aβ in the older rat brain were significantly increased as compared with the young one (P＜0.05).

The secretion and localization of epididymal specific proteins ESP-1, ESP-2 were systematically studied by the PAGE-western blot and ABC immunocytochemical technique in the epididymis of the rabbit. The results indicated that ESP-1 and ESP-2 represented the rabbit epididymal specific proteins of 42 kd and 20 kd, respectively. They were immunoeytochemically negative in the testis, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and skeletal muscle of the rabbit as well as testis and epididymis of the rat. However, in the rabbit epididymis, except the initial segment ESP-1 and ESP-2 were started to be positive from caput segment. The ESP-1 was displyed in the supranuclear area of the principle cells, while the ESP-2 was distributed evenly in the whole cytoplasm of it. Subsequently, the most heavy positive reaction was demonstrated in the corpus epididymis and the proximal segment of cauda. In contrast of the caput, the stereocilia of principle cells and lumen sperms of the cauda epididymis were positive also. However, in the distal segment of cauda the positive reaction in cytoplasm of principle cells was gradually decreased and became disappeared completely soon, while the stereocilia of it still remained heavy positive even in that of vas deferens. The epithelium of prostate gland and seminal vesicle were negative. These results indicated that both ESP-1 and ESP-2 were secretory proteins produced mainly in the principle cells of the corpus epididymis. After releasing into the lumen, they took part of epididymal fluid and might bind on the sperm to regulate sperm maturation. The possible physiological significance of ESP-1 and ESP-2 was discussed.

Objective To observe pathological features of liver injury induced by Helicobacter hepaticus ( H.hepaticus) and the difference between male and female BALB/cCr mice.Methods Fifty SPF-class BALB/cCr mice (25 males and 25 females) were administrated by gavage with 0.2 mL bacterial suspension (1 ×108 CUF/ml) of H.hepaticus standard strain ATCC 51450 for 3 times with 48 h intervals. The control group (25 males and 25 females) received same volume of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Mice were sacrificed in batches ( n=5) after fasting for 12 h at month 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) was used to determine the serum level of H.hepaticus IgG antibodies.Liver tissue samples were taken for histopathology examiantion, micro-aerobic bacteria isolation, culture and identification.t test was used to analyze the differences in serum levels of H.hepaticus IgG antibody and liver histopathologic scores between different time points and groups. Results The seroprevalance of H. hepaticus-IgG antibody in male BALB/cCr mice infected with H.hepaticus were all positive, peaked at 6 month, and then gradually declined.H.hepaticus-IgG antibody levels at 3, 6, 9 and 12 month were higher than that at 1 month (t=2.828, 4.300, 3.536 and 4.500, P<0.05).Only one female BALB/cCr mouse infected with H.hepaticus was positive for H.hepaticus-IgG antibody at 9 and 12 month.H.hepaticus colonization in liver was observed in male BALB/cCr mice infected with H.hepaticus since month 3, while it was not observed in female BALB/cCr mice.Compared with femle mice, the histopathologic scores of liver in male mice infected were much higher at all time points (t=2.598,7.770,7.987,10.850 and 12.260, P<0.05 or P<0.01) .Liver histopathologic scores increased in male mice as infection time extended within 6 months (t=4.949, P<0.01), but not during 6 and 12 month (t=1.052, P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with female mice, H.hepaticus colonization and histopathologic changes in liver are more significant in male BALB/cCr mice infected with H.hepaticus, and the histological scores are increased as infection time extended.

Child ; Humans ; Lupus Nephritis ; complications ; Male ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; etiology ; Prognosis

AIM To investigate whether Aβ deposit in Alzheimer disease(AD) impairs signal transduction pathway responsible for neuronal survival.METHODSThe rats were randomly divided into six groups:control group and Aβ25-35 group,Aβ25-35+ibuprofen groups (7.5 and 15 mg·kg-1,respectively),Aβ25-35+ibuprofen+LY294002 group,and Aβ25-35+LY294002 group.Rats were given ibuprofen (7.5 and 15 mg·kg-1 daily,ig) for 3 weeks prior to and 1 week after icv single dose of Aβ25-35 (10 μL,1 mmol·L-1).LY294002 was injected icv 1 h before the injection of Aβ25-35.Seven days after Aβ25-35 injection,the hippocampal expressions of P53,Bax,Fas ligand (FasL),Bcl-2 proteins,phospho-Akt/PKB,and phosphorylated 70 ku ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) and caspase 3 were determined in the brain tissue preparations from CA1 area with Western blot.The activity of caspase 3 was measured using a caspase 3 colorimetric activity assay kit.RT-PCR was used to show the change of p70s6k mRNA level.RESULTS Aβ25-35 icv injection significantly down-regulated phosphorylated Akt/PKB from 1.32±0.14 to 0.69±0.08 and p70S6K from 0.769±0.028 to 0.479±0.032 in hippocampal CA1 region.These changes were accompanied by increased expressions of the proapoptotic proteins P53,Bax,and FasL and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in rat hippocampus.In addition,caspase 3 activity was significantly enhanced in hippocampal CA1 region in Aβ25-35-treated rats compared with control rats.Ibuprofen can reverse these Aβ25-35-induced changes.CONCLUSION Down-regulated anti-apoptotic PI3K/Akt/p70S6K signaling pathway induced by Aβ25-35 in rat hippocampus may contribute to the neuronal damage in AD.Ibuprofen prevents Aβ25-35-induced down-regulation of PI3K/Akt/p70S6K signaling pathway.