This paper reviewed the existing literatures of executive function in obsessive -compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, and critically examined four neurocognitive tests in the recent ten years' studies, including stroop task, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST),London tower, and Trail-making test. In addition, we discuss the problems occurred in the past experiments, and put forward suggestions for further studies.

Objective To study the current clinical application and advancement of microbioecological preparation.Methods Literatures about microbioecological preparation published in China and abroad were collected and reviewed.Results The microbioecological preparation has been widely used at present.It is used to rebuild a balanced microbial population in human body,particularly in intestinal,to promote the stability of internal environment,control dysbacteriosis and to treat a variety of gastrointestinal diseases associated with ectopic microbial population.Conclusion Although microbioecological preparation has been widely used in clinical settings,its effect yet should be further supported and evaluated both by large sample research in randomized double-blind control trails and evidence-based medicine.

Many methods have been established in developing artificial airway since the first time that tracheotomy was developed by Egyptians and Indians 3000 years ago.Artificial airway is currently widely applied in critical care medicine,and plays an important role in the rescue of critically ill patients.It aims to improve ventilation and correct anoxia,to disencumber airway obstruction,to clean away airway secretions effectively and protect airway from risk of aspiration.This paper discussed about the nursing of tracheotomy and phlegm sucking,phlegm sucking related problems such as hypoxia,trachea hemorrhage and atelectasis,and ways to clean away secretions on air pocket.The risks of ventilator associated pneumonia,airway humidification and the physical and psychological needs were also discussed.

Objective To evaluate transurethral ultrasonic scanning in the diagnosis and staging of bladder tumor. Methods Form 1996 to 2000 transurethral ultrasonography(TUUS) was carried out for 70 cases of bladder cancer and the findings were compared with cystoscopy,transabdominal ultrasonography(TAUS),CT,MRI and pathological studies. Results The diagnosis rate of TUUS has been 99.1% being better than cystoscopy and TAUS.The accurate staging rate was 100.0% in stage T 1 tumors, 95.8% in stage T 2,82.4% in stage T 3 and 55.6% in stage T 4. Conclusions TUUS can clearly reveal the depth of tumor infiltration and therefore is an important method for the diagnosis and staging of early bladder tumor.

The status and progression of therapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma are expounded, including radio-therapy, surgery, chemotherapy and targeted therapy, etc. Radiotherapy is the most important mode that three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy and intensity modulation radiation therapy are strongly recommended in order to reduce the impairment of normal tissue. Surgical therapy is reasonable for the early stage patients who relapse less than a year from the initial treatment with surgical indication. Conventional radiotherapy with or without brachytherapy is recommended for those who relapse more than one year without surgical indication. Radiotherapy combining with chemotherapy, targeted therapy and sensitizer is proposed for the patients with local advanced stage by re-staging.

BACKGROUND:Three-dimensional bioprinting technology is the emerging technology in recent years, which is one of the branches of tissue engineering. The three-dimensional bioprinting technology has been used in the reproduction process of in vitro tissues and organs, which has achieved surprising outcomes.
OBJECTIVE:To review the three-dimensional bioprinting technology in terms of its principles, operating steps, relationships with tissue engineering, advantages and chal enges, as wel as clinical applications.
METHODS:The first author did a computer-aided retrieval of the PubMed database, CNKI database, and CQVIP database for articles relevant to three-dimensional bioprinting technology used in tissue engineering published between January 2000 and October 2000. The key words were“three-dimensional bioprinting, tissue engineering, rapid prototyping technology, scaffold materials, selective laser sintering, fuseddeposition modeling, stereolithography”in English and Chinese. Repetitive studies were excluded, and 52 of 79 related literatures were adopted in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Three-dimensional bioprinting technology is one of the branches of tissue engineering, which can build a virtual three-dimensional structure layer by layer under the computer-aided design technology, with the help of imaging data information (including CT and MRI). This technology has the advantages of high precision, high building speed, fabrication on demand, and also has the chal enges in engineering mechanics and biological activities. In a word, it is a meaningful and promising technology in clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the effects of various deco cting times,and frequencies on the main active components of Radix et Rhizoma Rh ei and Rhizoma Coptidis decocting together so as to determine the best extractin g technology.Methods:Orthogonal method was used to screen the extracting techno logy and TLC scanning to determine the content of main active components. Conclu sion: Proper decocting frequency and adding water volume will increase the yield of the main active components.

The study intended to evaluate the atherosclerotic plaque burden and composition among symptomatic patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.Total 262 symptomatic patients, including 79 with type 2 diabetes and 183 without, underwent multislice computed tomography coronary angiography.The extent of coronary atherosclerosis and 3 plaque types were studied.Patients with diabetes showed more diseased coronary segments ( P ＜ 0.01 ) and more nonobstructive segments ( P ＜ 0.05 ) than non diabetic patients.Compared to non diabetic patients,diabetic patients had a higher number of coronary segments with non-calcified ( P = 0.005 ) and calcified ( P = 0.016 ) plaques, but not for mixed plaques.The results indicate that type 2 diabetic patients have higher coronary plaque burden.

Adult ; Blood Viscosity ; Coronary Disease ; blood ; Diabetes Mellitus ; blood ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

After signs of risk have been happened in risk management of medical equipment at present, reports are taken step by step. So there is a report not timely, incomplete information, it is difficult to monitor, and many other problems. With the improvement of risk management requirements; the development of the information technology s apply, and increasing sources of information used for risk early warning analysis. This paper analyzes the requirement of risk management, and proposes a total solution of enterprise risk early warning based on EAI. It will make managers accurately and fully grasp the risks, find risk signs timely, speed up the response to risk.
Materials Management, Hospital ; Risk Management