Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of optimistic bias of female AIDS/HIV carriers before and after the health education in penitentiary.Methods: Two questionnaires including AIDS Events Questionnaires and AIDS Knowledge Scale are conducted among 57 female AIDS/HIV carriers after receiving health education in penitentiary.Results: Female AIDS/HIV carriers from the penitentiary had both type I and typeⅡoptimistic bias of AIDS/HIV;Female AIDS/HIV carriers from the penitentiary acquired significantly more knowledge after receiving health education,the health education of AIDS/HIV had significantly reduced the optimistic bias to AIDS/HIV.Conclusion: Health education of AIDS/HIV had notably changed the cognitive ability and reduced optimistic bias to AIDS/HIV of female AIDS/HIV carriers from the penitentiary,therefore effectively corrected their irrational ideas of AIDS/HIV.

Objective To observe and compare the atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of Yersinia pestis EV76 and the changes in the morphology of the bacteria treated with normal serum and F1 antibody from rabbit,and to explore the immunoassay method to detect Yersinia pestis by AFM. Methods The Yersinia pestis were treated with normal serum and F1 antibody from rabbit and control buffer. All the prepared samples were observed and analyzed by AFM. The changes in the cell surface structures were probed and characterized through sectional analysis,especially the changes of Ra and Rq value. Results The normal morphology of Yersinia pestis was oval in shape with a relatively smooth surface, the size dimension of which was about 1.1-1.3 μm in length with a section profile of 0.8-1.0 μm in width and 0.04-0.06 μm in step height. The step height of the bacteria treated with the normal serum and F1 antibody was obviously enlarged. The shape of the bacteria treated with F1 antibody changed irregularly. Furthermore, the surface of the bacteria was more roughened. Conclusion The morphological characters of Yersinia pestis has been acquired through its AFM images. The morphology of Yersinia pestis treated with F1 antibody has changed greatly, and the index of roughness can be regarded as the distinguished index to detect Yersinia pestis by AFM.

OBJECTIVETo observe the difference effects between warming-promotion acupuncture and normal acupuncture on lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).

METHODSSixty cases of LSS were randomly divided into a normal acupuncture group (30 cases) and a warming-promotion acupuncture group (30 cases). The two groups both chose Dazhui (GV 14), Mingmen (GV 4), Jiaji (EX-B 2),etc. Normal method without special manipulation was used in normal acupuncture group, while the warming-promotion manipulation was used in warming-promotion acupuncture group, all once daily, 10 treatments made one session. Compare the symptoms and spinal cord function of LSS, quality of life (QOL)and clinical effect in the two groups.

RESULTSThe comprehensive score of symptoms of LSS in warming-promotion group 3 months after treatment was 6.30 +/- 1.92, while that in normal acupuncture group was 4.67 +/- 13.70. The score of spinal cord function in warming-promotion group after treatment was 7.03 +/- 1.03, while that in normal acupuncture group was 6.33 +/- 1.12. The score of QOL in warming-promotion group after treatment was 53.67 +/- 8.91, while that in normal acupuncture group was 64.50 +/- 16.69. All the differences between these scores in two groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 90.0% (27/30)in warming-promotion group, and 80.0% (24/30) in normal acupuncture group. The effect of warming-promotion group was better than that in normal acupuncture group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn the field of treating LSS, the effect of warming-promotion acupuncture is better than normal acupuncture.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Stenosis ; therapy ; Time ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To find out the status of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis and the effect of preventive measures in Hebei Province,so as to provide a basis to prevent and cure fluorosis.Methods One affected county (city,district) with drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis was sampled in every city and 10 water improvement projects were investigated in that county.Three villages were taken out in every county.The operating state of the projects,the water fluoride content,and the dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 and skeletal fluorosis of adults were investigated in these villages.Results A total of 93 projects were investigated,among which 94.6％(88/93) were operating properly and the qualified rate(fluoride content ≤ 1.2 mg/L) of the projects was 54.84％(51/93).Among the 9 large projects,the water fluoride content of 7 projects exceeded 1.2 mg/L.A total of 23 villages with water improvement projects were investigated and only 43.4％ (10/23) of them water fluoride content were lower than 1.2 mg/L.The dental fluorosis rate,the dental fluorosis index and the rate of skeletal fluorosis were 33.2％ (532/1601),0.74 and 5.7％ (66/1155),respectively.In the 7 villages without water improvement projects,2 of them exceeded 2.0 mg/L,but lower than and equal to 4.0 mg/L of water fluorosis and 5 of them were normal(＜ 1.2 mg/L).The dental fluorosis rate,the dental fluorosis index and the rate of skeletal fluorosis were 33.4％ (111/332),0.72 and 2.9％ (10/350),respectively.Conclutions The qualified rate of water improvement projects of fluoride content ≤ 1.2 mg/L is low and the endemic fluorosis is still comparatively serious in Hebei Province.The progress of water improvement projects in the areas with endemic fluorosis should be accelerated and the quality of water improvement projects should be increased.

ObjectiveTo synthesize 99Tcm labeled hydrazine-nicotinamide ( HYNIC)-c (RGDfK)and evaluate its biodistribution and imaging in the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) nude mice bearing human lung adenocarcinoma.Methods( 1 )Tcm-HYNIC-c(RGDfK) was prepared by a two-step method using tricine and ethylenediamine diacetate (EDDA) as coligands and HYNIC as the dual functional chelator.The bioactivity of 99Tc m-HYNIC-c (RGDfK) was measured by cell binding experiments.(2) The nude mice bearing human A549 lung adenocarcinoma were randomly divided into 7 groups with 5 in each group.The 7 th group was the competitive inhibition control group and was administrated 100 μg HYNIC -c (RDGfK) 30 min earlier before the injection of 99Tcm-H Y N IC-c ( RGDfK ).The nude mice were scanned at 0.5,1,2,4,8 and 12 h respectively after intravenous injection of 7.4 MBq 99Tcm-HYNIC-c(RGDfK).The biodistribution of the agent was measured as ％ ID/g.The uptake ratio of tumor to muscle (T/NT) was also measured by placing ROI on 99Tcm-HYNIC-c(RGDfK) SPECT imaging.(3)Gamma imaging was performed in 6 mice including 3 in the competitive inhibition control group at 0.5,1,2,4,8 and 12 h post injection.ResultsThe labeling yield of 99Tcm-HYNIC-c(RGDfK) was more than 90％,and the radiochemical purity was more than 95％.99Tcm-HYNIC-c(RGDfK) can specifically bind with A549 adenocarcinoma cells with a binding rate up to 36.14％.Biodistribution study showed that the uptake in the kidney was above 20 ％ ID/g during 0.5 - 8 h post injection.The ％ ID/g in tumor was 10.52 ± 1.48 at 0.5 h,17.26 ±2.81 at 8 h,and 8.93 ±0.90 at 12 h.However,the ％ ID/g in tumor was only 2.29 ±0.85 in the competitive inhibition control group at 0.5 h.The highest T/NT was 6.87 at 8 h by the ROI analysis.Xenograffted tumors could be visualized at 1 h and delineated more clearly from 4 to 8 h post injection of 99Tcm-HYNIC-c(RGDfK).Conclusions99 Tcm-HYNIC-c (RGDfK) can be readily synthesized.Its binding with A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells is specific and the binding rate is high.

Objective To investigate the activation, distribution, origin, and expression of hepatic stem cells(HSC)in different histological types of primary liver carcinomas. Methods The histological and immunohistochemical features of 94 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 12 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and 10 cases of mixed hepatocarcinoma were examined by HE staining and immunohistochemistry SP method, with 5 cases of sclerotic liver and 4 cases of normal liver tissues as control. Results HSC expression was observed and the transfor mation from HSC to carcinoma cell was also noted in the liver. CK7, CK19, c-kit, Thy-1, and AFP were found expressed in different types of hepatic carcinomas and the greatest intensive expression was found in the mixed hepatocarcinoma (P

In this study, the growth and accumulation of active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in twenty two experimental sites which crossing through three typical climate zones. The S. miltiorrhiza seedlings with the same genotype were planted in each site in spring, which were cultivated in fields with uniform management during their growing seasons till to harvest. The diterpene ketones (dihydrotanshinone, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone II(A)) in S. miltiorrhiza root samples were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The biomass of root (root length, number of root branches, root width and dry weight) was also measured. The results showed that tanshinone II(A) in all samples of each site were higher than the standards required by China Pharmacopoeia. It has been found there is a relationship between root shape and climate change. The correlation analysis between active components and meteorological factors showed that the accumulation of tanshinones were effected by such meteorological factors as average relative humidity from April to October > average vapor pressure from April to October > average temperature difference day and night from April to October > annual average temperature and so on. The correlation analysis between root biomass and meteorological factors exhibited that root shape and accumulation of dry matter were affected by those factors, such as average annual aboveground (0-20 cm) temperature from April to October > annual average temperature > average vapor pressure from April to October > annual active accumulated temperature > annual average temperature > average vapor pressure from April to October. The accumulation of tanshinones and biomass was increased with the decrease of latitude. At the same time, the dry matter and diameter of root decreased if altitude rises. In addition, S. miltiorrhiza required sunlight is not sophisticated, when compared with humid and temperature. To sum up, S. miltiorrhiza can adapt to a variety of climatic conditions and the southern warm humid climate is more conducive to its growth and accumulation of active components.
Biomass ; China ; Climate Change ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Ecosystem ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo discuss the replantation of fingertip amputation in lack of availability of intravenous anastomosis.

METHODSFrom November 2009 to November 2010, 86 patients (104 fingers) with fingertip amputation were treated with replantatioin, including 64 males and 22 females, with an average age of 26 years ranging from 2 to 64 years. The time from injury to therapy was from 30 min to 12 h, time of broken finger ischemia was from 2.5 to 12 h. Preoperative examination showed no obvious abnormalities. Four different replantation methods were selectively applied to these 104 amputated fingertips of 86 cases: (1) replantation with anastomosis of single or bilateral proper digital artery in 37 fingers; (2) replantation with arteriovenous bypass in 27 fingers; (3) replantation with exclusive anastomosis of digital artery in 24 fingers; (4) replantation with removing the palmar pocket method in 16 fingers.

RESULTSOne hundred and two of 104 amputated fingertips were survived. Among these survived fingers,75 cases (92 fingers) were followed-up for 6 to 24 months. According to the assessment standard of Chinese Medical Association of Hand Surgery, the results were excellent in 52 cases, good in 19, poor in 4.

CONCLUSIONIt benefits to expand the indications and improve the survival rate of replantation of fingertip amputation with the correct choice of different replantation methods according to the injury situation of the broken fingertip artery after debridement under the microscope.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Amputation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Debridement ; Female ; Fingers ; physiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Replantation ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate whether knockingdown Foxp3 affects the immunological function of neuroblastoma cells.Methods Different siRNAs of Foxp3 were designed and the one that effectively inhibited Foxp3 gene expression was selected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and by fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis.Effects of Foxp3 knocking down on the expression of co-stimulatory molecule CD86 were also examined.Finally,neuroblastoma cells silenced of Foxp3 expression were co-cultured with human peripheral blood monouclear cells and the activities of T cells were examined.Results Expression of Foxp3 in SK-N-BE2 cells could be efficiently knocking down in both mRNA and protein levels.Knocking down Foxp3 increased the expression of CD86 and moderately increased IFN-γand IL-17 expressions,and significantly inhibited the expressions of TGF-β and IL-10.Conclusion Silencing Foxp3 expression in neuroblastoma SK-N-BE2 cells reverses its immune evasion mechanisms,which suggests that this is a new strategy for treating this kind of diseases.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Methods:The clinical data of 52 children with relapsed ALL in Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province from January 2010 to April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics of the children were summarized and the prognostic factors after recurrence were analyzed.Results:Till May 1, 2019, 5 out of 52 children gave up treatment after diagnosis and were lost to follow-up. For the remaining 47 children with successful follow-up, the median age at initial diagnosis was 60 months (11-168 months), the median time from initial diagnosis to relapse was 21 months (2-112 months), the median follow-up time was 5.5 months (1.0-69.0 months), and the 2-year overall survival (OS) rate after relapse was 31%. Nine patients accepted allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after the second time complete remission, the median time from diagnosis to transplantation was 4.5 months (3.0-7.0 months), and the median follow-up time was 22 months (4-69 months). The 2-year OS rates in relapsed children with white blood cell count < 50×10 9/L and ≥ 50×10 9/L at initial diagnosis were 39% and 13%, respectively (χ 2=5.623, P=0.018). The 2-year OS rate after relapse in standard-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk groups were 72%, 31% and 8%, respectively (χ 2=10.068, P=0.007). The 2-year OS rate after relapse in very early relapse, early relapse and late relapse groups were 0, 33% and 79%, respectively (χ 2=30.066, P < 0.01). The 2-year OS rate after relapse in chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy group, transplantation group and irregular treatment group were 57%, 89% and 0, respectively (χ 2=26.885, P < 0.01). Cox multivariate analysis showed that relapse time was the independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of children with relapsed ALL ( HR=0.340, 95% CI 0.146-0.789, P=0.012). Compared with the transplantation group, the risk of death in the chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy group and the irregular treatment group was significantly higher ( HR=12.313, 95% CI 1.266-119.758, P=0.031; HR=20.699, 95% CI 2.230-192.129, P=0.008), suggesting that hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a protective factor for the prognosis of children with relapsed ALL. Conclusions:The relapse of ALL in children mainly happens in very early and early time. The main part of relapse is bone marrow, and there are many high-risk patients at initial diagnosis. The risk group at initial diagnosis, white blood cell count at initial diagnosis, relapse time, and treatment after relapse are the risk factors affecting the prognosis, and the relapse time and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are the independent prognostic factors.