Age Factors ; Cardiac Output ; physiology ; Cardiography, Impedance ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electric Impedance ; Female ; Heart ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Stroke Volume ; physiology ; Tomography ; methods

This study was aimed to observe the effect of Yang-Xue Qing-Nao(YXQN) granules on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in CA1area of hippocampus among vascular dementia (VD) rats.A total of 72 SD rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group,VD model group (model group) and YXQN treatment group (treatment group).The VD rat model was prepared by modified Pulsineli's four-vessel occlusion.The learning and memory abilities of rats were detected by the Morris water maze.The protein expressions of BDNF and bFGF were detected by the immunohistochemical analysis.The results showed that compared with the sham operation group,there was obvious learning and memory disorders in the model group with increased protein expressions of BDNF and bFGF in CA1 area of hippocampus at difference time points (P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the learning and memory abilities of rats in the treatment group were significantly improved; and the protein expressions of BDNF and bFGF in CA1 area of hippocampus were significantly increased at difference time points (P<0.01).The expression was the highest on the 4th week.It was concluded that YXQN granules can improve the learning and memory abilities of VD rats.Its mechanism may be related to the upregulation of protein expression of BDNF and bFGF.

0.05).The abrupt onset of the inflammatory arteriopathy group was 10 cases(31.2%),the abrupt onset of the noninflammatory arteriopathy group was 38 cases(58.5%),there was significant difference for the mode of onset between the 2 groups(?2=6.352 P

Background and purpose:It is difficult to diagnose gastric cancer at an early stage,thus the resectable probability of gastric cancer is low.This study was to explore the efficacy of neoajuvant chemotherapy in terms of resectablity for the patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods:Eighty-six patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into routine surgical operation group and neoajuvant chemotherapy+surgical operation group.The patients were examined by CT before surgery.The patients in neoajuvant chemotherapy+surgical operation group received two cycles of neoajuvant chemotherapy,and then were evaluated by CT.Results:In routine surgical operation group,the overall resectability rate was 83.7%(36/43),and the curative resection rate was 46.5%(20/43), 16.3%(7/43)was done by exp.lap.In neoajuvant chemotherapy+surgical operation group,the overall resectability rate was 93.0%(40/43),and the curative resection rate was 69.8%(30/43),only 7.0%(3/43)was exp.lap.No mortality was observed.There were no significant difference between both groups in terms of toxicities.Conclusions:The overall resectability rate and the curative resection rate are increased in patients with advanced gastric cancer aider neoajuvant chemotherapy.

Apoptosis of PK-15 cells induced by Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) in vitro was reported in this paper. Typical cell apoptosis was detected by use of Hoechst 33258 fluorescence probe, agarose gel electrophoresis and in situ end-labeling (TUNEL). After PK-15 cells were infected by titration of 4.8 lg TCID50/mL FMDV for 32 h, apoptosis characteristics of nuclear condensation, fragmentation, accompanied by apoptotic bodies formation (Hoechst 33258 staining), 180-200 integer-fold sized pieces DNA Ladders (agarose gel electrophoresis) and strong green fluorescence dots (TUNEL) were all exhibited, and cell apoptosis was approximately 20%. In addition, the quantitative analysis of apoptosis in PK-15 cells induced by FMDV showed that apoptosis was correlated with infection of virus, and it was also time-dependent. Results indicate that FMDV can induce apoptosis of host cells and apoptosis plays an important role in the cytopathogencity effect of FMDV.

Endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) has protective effect on the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury and arrhythmia, but the electrophysiological mechanism is unclear yet. In this study, the sinoatrial node (SAN) samples from New Zealand rabbits were prepared, and intracellular recording technique was used to elucidate the effect of AEA on the action potential (AP) of SAN pacemaker cells of rabbits and the mechanism. Different concentrations of AEA (1, 10, 100, 200, 500 nmol/L) were applied cumulatively. For some SAN samples, cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor antagonist AM251, cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptor antagonist AM630, potassium channel blocker tetraethylammonium (TEA) and nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor L-nitro-arginine methylester (L-NAME) were used before AEA treatment, respectively. We found that: (1) AEA (100, 200 and 500 nmol/L) not only shortened AP duration (APD), but also decreased AP amplitude (APA) (P < 0.05). (2) AM251, but not AM630, abolished the effect of AEA on APD shortening. (3) TEA and L-NAME had no influence on the AEA effect. These findings suggest that anandamide can decrease APA and shorten APD in SAN pacemaker cells of rabbits, which may be mediated by activation of CB1 receptors, and is related to blockade of calcium channels but not potassium channels and NO.
Action Potentials ; Animals ; Arachidonic Acids ; pharmacology ; Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Endocannabinoids ; pharmacology ; Indoles ; pharmacology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Piperidines ; pharmacology ; Polyunsaturated Alkamides ; pharmacology ; Potassium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Sinoatrial Node ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo establish a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatorgraphy (RP-HPLC) method for detecting the dencichine in Panax notoginseng extracts and drug preparations.

METHODDencichine was extracted with the borate buffer (pH 9. 18) and the clear supernatant was used for the derivatization. Pre-column derivatization was performed using 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC) to form derivatives. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0. 05 mol x L( -1) NaH2 PO4 (48: 52) (pH adjusted to 7.4 with NaOH solution) in a flow rate of 1.0 mL m min(-1). The ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength was set at 262 nm.

RESULTThe linearity was demonstrated over a wide range of concentration from 1.76 mg L(-1) to 352 mg x L(-1) for dencichine. The detection limit was determined to be 60 microg x L(-1). The derivative was stable and the derivatization agent did not influence the measurement of dencichine. The average recovery rate was 95. 3% and the relative standard derivation (RSD) was 1. 7%. The method was used to determine dencichine in different P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations.

CONCLUSIONThis method is simple, fast and sensitive, suitable for determining the dencichine in P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations as well as for the study of the dencichine metabolism in vivo.

Amino Acids, Diamino ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fluorenes ; chemistry ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results

Based on GB/T16886.4-2003 Standard, the coagulation effects of 5 cardiovascular system external communicating devices made consist of metal and polymer were assessed using the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and Lee-White coagulation time (CT) tests. The results indicate that PTT test is a stable and valuble method for evaluating the coagulating pathway disturbance of the devices. In line with GB/T 16886.4-2003 Standard, PTT test is a recommendable method for evaluating the external communicating devices Based on GB/T14233.2-2005 Standard, CT test is a method more liable to variation, compared with PTT test. This is due to the complex relativity in the test itself, due to all the factors of coagulating cascade, and due to the individual difference of animal. The question of how to select proper negative control for coagulation evaluation of the Cardiovascular System External Communicating Devices in clinical setting for CT test should be addressed and studied.
Blood Coagulation ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Cardiology ; instrumentation ; Equipment Safety ; Humans ; Metals ; adverse effects ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Polymers ; adverse effects ; Preoperative Care

OBJECTIVETo establish a simple and accurate method for rapid detection of lamivudine related mutations in hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase gene.

METHODSHBV polymerase gene fragments of covering B and C active region were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) or nested mismatched PCR. The PCR products were digested with Nde I or Nia III and subjected to electrophoresis on agarose gel, respectively. The patterns of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were distinguished. Using this method, thirty patients with chronic hepatitis B and treated with lamivudine for at least one year were analysed for the lamivudine related mutations in polymerase gene. Sixteen cases without lamivudine therapy were used as controls. Some of the patients were also analysed by clone sequencing.

RESULTSThe nested mismatched PCR-RFLP method was simple, accurate and rapid. The whole experiments could be finished in eleven hours. The least titers of HBV DNA which could be detected was 10.3 copies/ml. The wild or mutant strains judged by RFLP were identified by clone sequencing. Mutation in the tyrosine methionine aspartic aspartic acid (YMDD) motif of HBV polymerase gene was found in eight patients and mutations of YMDD motif associated with L526M were found in another three patients. However, there were no such mutations in the control cases.

CONCLUSIONThe nested PCR-RFLP is considered as a simple and accurate method for rapid detection of lamivudine related mutations in HBV polymerase gene. It is suitable for larger number of sample detection.

Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; pharmacology ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

Ectopic spontaneous activity originated from the injured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in rats was recorded through single dorsal root fiber. The firing patterns induced by veratridine and aconitine, inhibitors of inactivation gate of sodium channel operating on different binding sites, were compared. In the same neuron, veratridine (1.5 approximately 5.0 micromol/L) caused slow wave oscillations of interspike intervals (ISIs), while aconitine (10 approximately 200 micromol/L) caused tonic firing. Moreover, even if the background firing patterns were various and the reagent concentrations used were different, veratridine and aconitine still induced slow wave oscillations and tonic firing patterns, respectively. The results suggest that veratridine and aconitine induce different firing patterns in injured DRG neurons, which may relate to their inhibitory effects on different binding sites of the sodium channel.
Aconitine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; physiology ; Female ; Ganglia, Spinal ; injuries ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neurons ; pathology ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Channel Agonists ; Sodium Channels ; physiology ; Veratridine ; pharmacology