Child, Preschool ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; methods ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Humans ; Male

Objective To discusse the influence of permeating perfluoropentane drops-encapsulated mesoporous silica nanocapsules (MSNC-PFP) on HIFU surface ablation in vitro bovine liver.Methods Fifity bovine liver tissues were divided into 5 groups:Control group,0.25 mg/ml group,0.50 mg/ml group,1.00 mg/ml group,2.00 mg/ml group according to the concentration of MSNC-PFP.The synergistic agent was injected along the ablation line path under the guiding of ultrasound.The surface ablation model was structured by 6 coagulation necrosis side by using HIFU linear scanning,inner region without melting,and the ultrasonographic changes were observed in the melt area.The coagulation necrosis range was assessed by TTC staining,and necrosis degree was observed by HE staining.The coagulation necrosis volume was measured,the coverage index (CI),external volume index (EI),energy efficiency factor (EEF) were used to evaluate the ablation effect in each group.Results The MSNC-PFP more than 1.00 mg/ml was shown as strong echo in ultrasonic image,fade after 3-5 min.The grey value was changed in HIFU ablation area related to the concentration of MSNC-PFP.The total ablation volume of 0.50 mg/ml group,1.00 mg/ml group,2.00 mg/ml group were more than control group,the EEF was lower than that of the control group (all P＜0.01).The CI and EI of 1.00 mg/ml group and 2.00 mg/ml group were higher than those of the other group (all P＜0.01).The coagulation necrosis became complete when the concentration of MSNC-PFP above 0.50 mg/ml.Conclusion MSNC-PFP can increase the volume of coagulation necrosis,decrease the EEF and increase the efficiency of HIFU surface ablation of bovine liver in vitro.

Objective To explore the influence of Akt inhibitor MK2206 in the proliferation and apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma TCA-8113 cells,and to clarify the possible mechanism.Methods The tongue squamous carcinoma TCA-8113 cells at the logarithmic phase were randomly divided into control group and 1,5,25,125, 250 nmol·L-1 MK2206 groups.The inhibitory rate of proliferation of TCA-8113 cells was detected with MTT method,and the apoptotic rate of TCA-8113 cells was determined with flow cytometry(FCM),and the expressions of caspase-9,Bad,GSK-3β,p-Akt and T-Akt proteins in the TCA-8113 cells were detected with Western blotting method.Results The IC50 of tongue squamous cell carcinoma TCA-8113 cells after treated with MK2206 for 12, 24,and 36 h were (112.54±1.67),(79.67±2.01),and (33.33±1.98)nmol·L-1 .The FCM results showed that the apoptotic rates of TCA-8113 cells after treated with 1,5,25,125,and 250 nmol·L-1 MK2206 for 12 h were (14.2±0.74)%,(19.3±0.45)%,(35.1±0.45)%,(39.6±0.48)% and (52.1±0.19)%;there were significant differences compared with control group(P<0.01).The Western blotting method results showed that the expressions of p-Akt, Bad and GSK-3βwere decreased with the increasing of dose and time of MK2206;compared with theβ-actin in control group,the bands got darken;the expression level of caspase-9 was increased, compared with theβ-actin in control group, the bands got darken;the T-Akt protein expression did not change significantly;compared with the β-actin in control group, the color of bands had no significant difference.Conclusion Akt inhibitor MK2206 can inhibit the proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma TCA-8113 cells and induce apoptosis.

Aim To establish an in vitro early drug cardiac tox-icity evaluation method by human embryonic stem cells derived cardiomyocytes ( hESC-CM) and real-time cell analysis Cardio (RTCA Cardio) system. Method The hESC-CM were cultured at RTCA Cardio E-Plate 96. Impedance signals from hESC-CM were analyzed for beating rate, contraction amplitude and beating rhythm irregularity to determine the optimum inoculation density and detection duration. Based on this, we used 0. 1 % DMSO to be the solvent and quinidine (0. 2, 0. 78, 3. 13, 12. 5, 50 and 100 μmol·L - 1 ) known as affecting cardiac activity to validate this method. Result The results revealed no significant changes in the cell index (CI), transient pulse patterns, beating rate and amplitude of hESC-CM. Quinidine will affect the CI and transi-ent pulse patterns of hESC-CM and decrease the beating rate and amplitude of hESC-CM when its concentration ≥3. 13 μmol · L - 1 . And this effect is concentration-dependent, the higher the concentration,the more time they need to recover beating and the more significant the beating rate and amplitude inhibition of quinidine on hESC-CM. Conclusion The method established by hESC-CM and RTCA Cardio system can detect the effect of quinidine on the contraction of hESC-CM, and this indicates that this method has the potential to be an attractive high-throughput tool for screening potential drugs in early evaluation of drug car-diotoxicity.

Objective To study the method and efficacy of double chemoembolization of hepatic carcinoma by transcatheter arterial cheomembolization (TACE) and portal vein port catheter system (PCS). Methods PCS was implanted in portal vein in 17 cases of irresectable primary hepatocellular cancer (HCC) during operation. One month later, chemoembolization of portal vein via PCS was performed, meanwhile TACE was also done (hepatic arterial portable vein chemoembolization, HA PVCE). A total of 120 cases of HCC treated simply with TACE were served as the control. Results The technical success rate was 100% in both TACE and portal vein PCS. Hepatic arteriography showed rich or moderate blood supply of HCC in 134 cases and PCS portography showed tumor staining in 6 cases. In groups of HA PVCE and TACE, the positive alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level decreased in 80% and 71.6% cases; half a year survival rate was 85.7% and 74.4%, and one year survival rate was 71.4% and 52.4%, respectively. Conclusion Double chemoembolization by TACE and portal vein PCS is a safe procedure with high technique success rate and therapeutic efficacy for irresectable hepatic carcinoma.

Tanshinones, the main bioactive compounds of Salvia miltiorrhiza, are the diterpenoid pigments, multiple genes were proved to be involved in their biosynthesis in plants. CYP76AH1 is the initial P450 gene in the tanshinones biosynthetic pathway, its function has been validated by yeast expression and in vitroenzymatic reaction. In order to clarify the function of CYP76AH1 in vivo, in this study, we constructedthe RNA interference of CYP7AH1 in S. miltiorrhiza hairy root. The RNA interference vector with a hairpin structure was constructed using the Gateway technology, and then the interference fragment was integrated into the genome of S. miltiorrhiza mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Several highly CYP76AH1 interference S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots were obtained for further analysis.
Agrobacterium ; genetics ; metabolism ; Biosynthetic Pathways ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; genetics ; metabolism ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; biosynthesis ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; genetics ; metabolism ; microbiology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the signal transduction mechanism of curcumin in inhibiting the proliferation of bovine lens epithelial cell (LEC) induced by recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF). METHODS: There were three groups in this experiment, which were normal control group, untreated group and curcumin-treated group. Proliferation of LEC was induced by rhEGF (50 microg/L). The concentration of intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) in LEC was measured with Fura-2/AM by spectrofluorimetry. The contents of intracellular cAMP and cGMP were assayed by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The [Ca(2+)]i in LEC was obviously increased in the untrated group as compared with that in the normal control group (P<0.01), and the [Ca(2+)](i) in LEC in the curcumin-treated group was highest among three groups (P<0.01). The content of intracellular cAMP in LEC was decreased while the content of intracellular cGMP was obviously increased in the untreated group as compared with those in the normal control group (P<0.01). The content of intracellular cAMP in LEC was higher in the curcumin-treated group than that in the untreated group, while the content of intracellular cGMP was lower than that in the untreated group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The antiproliferation effects of curcumin on LEC may relate to the regulations of multiple processes of signal transduction.

Objective To analyze the major risk factors of elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complexing with coronary heart disease(CHD) via principal component analysis (PCA).Methods The clinical data of 503 subjects aged ＞ 60 years with T2DM were retrospectively analyzed.Urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER) from urine collected from 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM was measured by chemiluminescence.The degree of angiostegnosis was evaluated by Judkins coronary arteriography and Gensini score. According to UAER level, the patients were divided into microaibuminuria group (20 mg/L＜UAER＜200 mg/L,n= 226) and normal urinary albumin group (UAER＜20 mag/L,n=277).PCA was used to discuss the major risk factors to affect T2DM patients with CHD in the elderly. Results Characteristic values of the principal component from first to seventh were all more than 1,their cumulative rate was 64.7％. The first to fourth principal components and their variances were UAER(14.1％),blood fat (11.8％),blood pressure(10.2％)and uric acid( 8.7 ％),respectively.The fifth to seventh principal components were all blood glucose and the cumulative variance was 19.8％.The numbers of angiostegnosis were 36.5G％ single,34.7％double and 28.9 ％ three in patients with normal urinary albumin,while1(10.2％) single,27.9％ doubleand 61.9％ three in patients with microalbuminuria,respectively(P＜0.05).The Gensini scores was increased in microalbuminuria group (50.7± 35.8) as compared with normal urinary albumin group (19.74±23.0) (P＜0.05). UAER was independently related to Gensini scores (β=0.442,P=0.000). Conclusions UAER is the most important factor of elderly T2DM complexing with CHD and positively correlated with severity of CHD as its independent factor.

This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical effect and safety of Chinese medicine treatment of lumbar disc herniation with qi-tonifying, stasis-resolving and kidney-tonifying method. The randomized con-trolled trial (RCT) was applied in the study to evaluate the clinical effect of qi-tonifying, stasis-resolving and kidney-tonifying method in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation . A total of 122 lumbar disc herniation pa-tients were randomly divided into the treatment group ( n = 61 ) and the control group ( n = 61 ) . Chinese medicine treatment with the qi-tonifying, stasis-resolving and kidney-tonifying method was applied in the treatment group . And Celecoxib and Methycobal were orally administered in the control group . Then , the VAS scores, JOA scores, Oswestry disability index (ODI) were recorded and analyzed pre-treatment, four weeks af-ter treatment and the twelfth week of follow-up in order to evaluate the clinical effect . Adverse reactions were also observed and recorded at the same time to give a comprehensive evaluation on its safety . The results showed that there were no significant differences between the treatment group and control group in the baseline data before treatment . Hence , data from two groups were comparable . Compared with pre-treatment , the VAS scores and ODI scores were obviously reduced in both groups after four-week treatment . The JOA scores were increased obviously ( P < 0 . 05 ) . There were no statistical differences on ODI scores and JOA scores between two groups . The VAS scores of the treatment group were obviously higher than the control group ( P < 0 . 05 ) . In the twelfth week of follow-up , the VAS scores , ODI scores and JOA scores had increasing tendency in
both groups . There were no statistical differences between two groups . There were no statistical differences on the total effective rate between two groups . In the treatment group , four patients received surgery , four cases lost to follow-up , and four cases with mild adverse event . In the control group , six patients received surgery , three cases lost to follow-up , and two cases with mild adverse event . It was concluded that the RCT of Chi-nese medicine treatment of lumbar disc herniation with q i-tonifying , stasis-resolving and kidney-tonifying method received same clinical effect as the combination of Celecoxib and Methycobal . The Chinese medicine treatment can effectively relieve pain degree of lumbar disc herniation , improve function of the lumbar vertebrae and improve the daily life and social activity ability of patients. The short-term follow-up effects were con-firmed . However , the long-term efficacy still requires further study .

To study the toxicokinetics of bakuchiol, hepatic and renal toxicity in rats after single oral administration of Psoraleae Fructus and combined with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, in order to provide scientific evidences for clinical safe medication use. A total of 35 SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups: vehicle (distilled water) control group, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group, positive control (aristolochic acid A) group, Psoraleae Fructus (40 g x kg(-1)) group( both male and female rats), Psoraleae Fructus and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (40 +20) g x kg(-1) group (both male and female rats). HPLC-UV method was used to determine the concentration of bakuchiol in rat plasma at different time points after single oral administration. Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), plasma creatinine (Cr), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1) were measured after administration for 24 h. The main toxicokinetics parameters of bakuchiol in rats exert significantly gender difference. When Psoraleae Fructus combination with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the total area under the plasma concentration-time curve( AUC), C(max), and plasma clearance (CL) of bakuchiol were increased, respectively; CL, half-life (t½) were decreased, and T(max) were prolonged. The biochemical indicators (including ALT, AST, BUN, Cr and KIM-1 level) in different dose of Psoraleae Fructus groups, were found no statistically significant difference when compared with vehicle control group. The level of NAG in both Psoraleae Fructus and compatibility with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma groups were significant increased (P < 0.05). There are obvious effects on toxicokinetics of bakuchiol in rats when Psoraleae Fructus combined with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Renal toxicity induced by Psoraleae Fructus at high dose was observed after single oral administration and no liver damage in rats was found.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Female ; Glycyrrhiza ; toxicity ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Phenols ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Psoralea ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhizome ; toxicity ; Toxicokinetics