Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva(FOP) is a rare debilitating genetic disorder characterized by malformation of the great toes during embryonic skeletal development as well as progressive heterotopic ossification postnatally. There is no known definite treatment. Here presented a review of the recent advances in the potential FOP therapies.

As a T cell subsets growth factor,interleukin-2 (IL-2) can inhibit cancer cell proliferation,reduce tumorigenicity and transitivity,improve local tumor microenvironment,enhance the immunogenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells,reduce the load of hepatitis virus and greatly enhance the ability of anti-tumor.On the other hand,it can enhance tumor hypercoagulable state.The effect of IL-2 on primary hepatic carcinoma and its potential clinical value have a bright future.

(Ver)-induced human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells apoptosis.hours to induce RPE cells apoptosis.The expression of apoptotic effector gene caspase-3 was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Single cell was measured using fluorescence indicator Fura-3/AM with MetaFluo4.5/coolsnapfx/IX70 intracellular Ca2+ fluorescence imaging system.RPE cells and it significantly increased after co-cultured with Ver.The fluorescence in resting RPE cells was strong and distributed throughout the cells.The nucleus appeared more fluorescent than the cytoplasm.Calcium fluorescence of RPE cells attenuated after co-cultured with Ver.[Ca2+]i homeostasis might play pivotal roles in Ver-induced RPE cells apoptosis.

Background Optic neuritis is one of the common clinical neuro-ophthalmic diseases.Recurrent optic neuritis can cause irreversible axonal damage and visual impairment,and no prevention method is effective up to now.Its pathogenesis is considered to be associated with the body's immune imbalance.Objective This proposal tried to establish experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and explore the immunomodulatory effects of T helper (Treg),Th17 cell in the model of optic neuritis.Make the immune mechanism of demyelinating optic neuritis clear.Methods EAE model was established to observe the clinical symptoms and visual electrophysiological changes of optical neuritis in mice;hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe the histological changes in the mouse models of EAE; immunohistochemical staining to detect optic nerve axon damage markers β-amyloid peptide precurso (β-APP) protein expression quantity changes;reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to detect the dynamic expression of forkhead/winged helix transcription factor p3 (Foxp3),transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),IL-17,IL-10 in optic nerve tissue.Results After immunization 11 days,neurological symptoms of EAE mice started to appear,hematoxylin-eosin staining showed optic nerve tissue infiltration of inflammatory cytokines; immunohistochemical staining showed enhancement of axonal injury markers β-APP positive staining; flash visual evoked potential(F-VEP) test showed 7,11,14,19,23,28 days,compared with the normal mice,P1 prepatents of model group were prolonged after modeling,the differences were statistically significant (t =4.487,15.203,16.364,11.540,11.959,16.163,all at P＜0.05).When 7 days after modeling,the difference of N1-P1 amplitude between normal group and model group was no statistical significance (t =-0.992,P =0.378); while 11,14,19,23,28 days after modeling,compared with normal mice,N1-P1 amplitudes of model mice were significantly lower,the differences were statistically significant(all at P＜ 0.05).The expressions of TGF-β,IL-1β,IL-17,Foxp3,IL-10 mRNA among different time points had stastistie significant differences (F =12.721,15.015,14.343,69.374,68.290,all at P =0.000),compared with the normal group,when 11 days,14 days after modeling,TGF-β mRNA levels were significantly increased ; 19 days,23 days after modeling,IL-1β mRNA levels were significantly increased;7 days,11 days after modeling,IL-17 mRNA levels were significantly increased ;7,11,14,19,23,28 days after modeling,Foxp3 mRNA levels were significantly lower; 19,23,28 days after modeling,IL-10 mRNA levels were significantly lower,the difference were statistically significant (all at P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Th17 cells launch demyelinating optic neuritis immune injury,and Th1 subgroup performs the function of maintaining inflammatory lesions,Treg cell subgroup is abnormal much earlier than that of the Th2 subgroup.The imbalance of Th17/Treg cell may be involved in the pathogenesis of demyelinating optic neuritis.

Objective To explore the features of clinical manifestations and electrophysiology of spinal muscular atrophy(SMA) in children.Methods The clinical features and laboratory data were analyzed in 32 children with SMA,electromyography tests were carried out in 28 patients and the muscle biopsy were performed in 24 cases.Results The 32 cases were subdivided into 3 clinical groups,15 cases were SMAⅠ,12 cases were SMAⅡ,5 cases were SMAⅢ.They were all characterized by progressive muscle weakness associated with hyptonia and atrophy.The clinical distinction between SMAⅠto SMAⅢ reflected different age of onset and disease severity.All cases of SMAⅠhad symptoms of respiratory disability,only 1 case of SMAⅡ had paradoxical breathing and none of SMAⅢ had similarly symptoms.Electromyographic studies showed a pattern of denervation with no sensory involvement.The rate of spontaneous potential was 87%,with gentle strain,the duration of motor unit was extended(30%-150%) and the amplitude of it was increased(90%-450%),the motor nerve conduction velocity was reduced slightly in 28% patients.The muscle biopsy provided evidence of skeletal muscle denervation with groups of atrophy.Conclusions The clinical features,the changes of electromyography and the muscle biopsy are valuable for diagnosis of SMA.Respiratory management will prolong survival and improve the quality of life for these patients.

Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a unique type of B-cell lymphoma probably arising from a putative thymic medulla B cell.It constitutes 6 ％-10 ％ of all diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL),with special pathologic features,immunophenotype and genetic abnormlities,and need to be identified with classical Hodgkin lymphoma and other types of DLBCL.In this review,the pathological features,molecular biological changes,treatment,prognosis and treatment of PET in the evaluation of the initial reaction in PMBCL were summarized.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of only paroxetine vs. paroxetine combined with alprazolam in the treatment of diabetes complicated with anxiety and depression. METHODS:Totally 86 patients with diabetes complicated with anxi-ety and depression were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The patients in observation group were given paroxetine 20 mg,qd,and alprazolam 0.4 mg,tid;patients in control group were given paroxetine alone. The treatment course lasted for 8 weeks in 2 groups. The clinical data was compared,including fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial glucose (2 h PG),glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),cortisol,adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels and scores of Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD). The adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS:After treatment,FP-BG,2 h PG,HbA1c,cortisol,ACTH levels and scores of HAMA and HAMD in observation group were significantly lower than control group,with significant difference(P<0.05). There were significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions be-tween 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Compared with paroxetine alone,paroxetine combined with alprazolam can improve more in blood glucose,endocrine levels and adverse mood symptoms in the treatment of diabetes complicated with anxiety and de-pression,with similar safety.

The establishment of a serum-free culture medium (SFM) for SSV-NIH3T3 cells is reported in this paper. In this medium DMEM/Ham's F12 is the fundamental element in basal medium, insulin and undefatty bovine serum albumin are key elements among the supplements. In this SFM SSV-NIH3T3 cells grow well, they keep the ability of secreting platelet-derived growth factor-like material into culture medium and causing tumor growth in nude mice.

In recent years, the treatment and prevention of lumbar disc herniation has advanced greatly. This paper reviewed the researches of Taichi Quan therapy for lumbar disc herniation in terms of three model stability, pose stability, adaptability, contraindications and follow-up, etc. Since the patients underwent different courses, the Taichi Quan therapy need to be selected to meet the patients status. The mechanism of the effects need further study.

Objective To analyze the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the speci‐mens of inpatient and outpatient in 2013 .Methods All of the isolated Staphylococcus aureus were identified and tested drug sensi‐tivity in 2013 ,and the results were analyzed .Results 286 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated with the detection rate of MRSA accounting for 46 .9% .The respiratory specimens had the highest detection rates of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA .The isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus were mainly distributed in ICU ,Department of Neurosurgery ,Department of Orthopedic trauma ,and Department of Respiratory Medicine .The isolated Staphylococcus aureus had high drug resistant rates to penicillin and ampicillin .The drug resistant rates of most of the drugs were different between MSSA and MRSA .Conclusion Monitoring the drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus is very important to rational choice of antimicrobial agents .