Objective To investigate the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on the expression of glutamine synthetase (GS) of cultured rat retinal Müller cells in high glucose environment in vitro.Methods Mtüller cells were isolated from retinas of 10 Sprague-Dawley rats at postnatal day three to five by trypsin digestion,and were randomly divided into six groups,including normal control group,high glucose group,high glucose +5 U/ml rhEPO group,high glucose+ 10 U/ml rhEPO group,high glucose+ 20 U/ml rhEPO group,high glucose+40 U/ml rhEPO groups.After 48 hours,the apoptosis of retinal Müller cells were assayed by terminal transferase-mediated DNA end labelling assay,and the expression levels of GS protein were detected with semi-quantitative immunocytochemistry.Results Compared with the normal control group,the cell viability and GS protein were reduced while the cell death increased in Müller cells cultured in high glucose,the difference was statistically significant (t =27.4,P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the high glucose group,rhEPO treatment reduced the apoptotic Müller cells (t=857.2,2 374.6,2 473.2,2 537.7; P＜0.01),induced the expression of GS proteins (t=3.2,18.0,22.5,26.4; P＜0.05).Conclusions rhEPO can protect Müller cells from apoptosis under high glucose condition.The mechanism may be related to its function to up-regulate the GS protein expression,promote glutamic acid cycle,and reduce the excitotoxicity effects of high concentration of glutamate.

Uterine natural killer cells (uNK) are distinct from peripheral blood NK (pbNK) cells,which constitute up to 70％ of the decidual leukocyte population in the first half of pregnancy,and are considered to have a cytokine-secreting role rather than cytotoxic function.It plays an important role in trophoblast invasion and uterine spiral artery remodeling.As a result of imbalance of uNK cells,pathological pregnancy appeared.Herein,the origin of uNK cells and its function in pregnancy were veviewed.

By collecting literatures on apoplexy recorded in"Database of Basic TCM disease"from 2001 to 2005,we statistically analyzed changes on volume of documents,major authors,major journals,and contents of study in these literatures.

Objective To preliminary investigate and summarize the experiences of maintaining renal function and caring the cardio preoperative patients who have renal insufficiency (renal failure stage). Methods The treatment and cared for five cardio preoperative patients who had renal insufficiency were studied, those patients had been hospitalized in Peking University People′s Hospital for cardiac surgeries from June 2013 to January 2016. Results All the five patients had received preoperative renal maintenance, none of them got severe acute renal failure, and four of them had to get regular hem dialysis treatment after discharging. One of them died because of heart failure. Conclusions Renal insufficiency is a high risk for cardiac surgeries, however, it is not a contraindication for cardiac surgeries. Preoperative evaluation, preoperative caring and the application of CRRT can reduce the complications and improve the prognosis.

Objective To study the effect of estrogen on cardiac injury and cardiomyocyte apoptosis of rat induced by isoprotere-nol by modeling cardiac inj ury induced by bilateral ovariectomized (OVX)and isoproterenol (ISO).Methods Fifty female SD rats with bilateral ovariectomy and sham operation (Sham)were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham operation group (Sham group), bilateral ovariectomy group (OVX group),cardiac injury group (OVX+ISO+Vehi group),low dose estrogen treatment group (OVX+ISO+E2 a group,4μg·kg-1 ·d-1 ),high dose estrogen treatment group (OVX+ISO+E2 b group,40μg·kg-1 ·d-1 ). these status were separately measured:rats′general features,hemodynamics parameters monitored of carotid artery,morphological observation and cardiomyocyte contraction change of single-cardiomyocyte separate cultured,cardiomyocyte apoptosis protein ex-pression were detected by immunoblotting.Results ISO significantly reduced myocardial pump function,increased hypertrophy and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes,reduced contractility of single cardiomyocytes (P<0.05).High-dose estrogen (40μg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) replacement therapy significantly improved ISO induced cardio inj ury and cardio functions decreasing,also inhibited Bax expression and caspas-3 activation and decreased myocardial hypertrophy and cardiomyocytes apoptosis through increasing Bcl-2 expression (P<0.05),significantly.while low dose estrogen (4μg·kg-1 ·d-1 )treatment showed marginally protection effects on ISO in-duced cardio inj ury with no statisticly significance.Conclusion Appropriate dose estrogen replacement therapy can decrease cardio-myocyte apoptosis,improve cardiomyocytes contractility,so as to protect ISO-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Tong Du Wen Yang (unblocking the Governor Vessel and warming yang) in treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Method Twenty-eight eligible ALS patients were randomized into two groups by following the visiting sequence. Thirteen patients in the control group were intervened by orally taking Riluzole tablets; 15 cases in the treatment group were by Tong Du Wen Yang needling in addition to oral administration of Riluzole tablets. Before treatment and after 6-month treatment, the therapeutic efficacies were evaluated by using the Chinese medicine syndrome and sign scoring for Wei-flaccidity diseases and Appel function scale.Result After the treatment, the Chinese syndrome and sign scoring scores for Wei-flaccidity dropped in both groups, and the decrease in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.05). The Appel scores dropped in both groups after the treatment, while the decrease in the treatment group was less significant than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Tong Du Wen Yang needling plus orally taking Riluzole tablets can produce a more significant efficacy than using Western medication alone in treating ALS.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were found as a species of small non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules with the size of 20 to 25 nucleotides in recent years, which featured highly conserved and endogeny. It depredated and inhibited the target mRNA translation by complementary base pairing with the target mRNA. According to the latest study, miRNA was closely related with obesity, type 2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Obesity had became a major public health problem worldwide, which showed as an unusual increase in both the number and size of fat cells based on excessive accumulation of fat lead by the body’s energy metabolism imbalance of a metabolic disease. Among them, miRNA-193b-365 had an abnormal expression in adipocyte differentiation and obesity status. It might be involved in adipocyte differentiation and the development of obesity. Thus, it was of great significance to do a deep research in the understanding adipocyte differentiation mechanism to prevent and treat obesity. This paper reviewed research progress in this field.

Objective To investigate the effects of midazolam on hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury in neonatal piglets.Methods Twenty-four newborn male piglets 3-7 days old weighing 1.8-3,0 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 8 each): sham group (group S), HI + normal saline group (group HI-S) and HI + midasolam group (group HI-M). The animals of group HI-S and HI-M were subjected to 7 min of hypoxia, producing asphyxic cardiac arrest, followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation. At 3 h after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), animals received i.v. infusion of fentanyl at a rate of 10-30 μg·kg-1·h-1 and pancuroniumat a rate of 0.1-0.2 mg·kg-1·h-1 from 3 h after ROSC to 24 h after ROSC to maintain the anesthesia. In addition, midazolam at a rate of 0.05 mg·kg-1·h-1 wee infused simultaneously until 24 h after ROSC in HI-M group, while the equal volume of normal saline was infused instead in group HI-S and S. Arterial blood samples were taken before hypoxia (baseline), and at 37 min of hypoxia, 5 min of air inspiration, 5 min of asphyxia and 6, 12, and 24 h after ROSC for blood gas analysis, and MAP was monitored at the each time point. Neurological behavior was assessed and scored (NBS) at 48, 72, 96 and 240 h after ROSC. Brains were removed at 10 h after ROSC, the remaining viable neurons in putamen and candate nucleus were counted and the density of viable neurons was determined using light microscopic examination. Results PaO2 was significantly decreased during hypoxia-eephyxia, and PaCO2 was significantly increased, while pH value and MAP were significantly decreased at 5 min of asphyxia in group HI-S and HI-M compared with group S and the baseline (P < 0.05).There were no significant differences in MAP and arterial blood gas analysis at the each time point between group HI-S and HI-M ( P > 0.05). The density of viable neurons in putamen and caudate nucleus was significantly lower, and NBS at 48-96 h after BOSC significantly higher in group HI-S and HI-M than in group S ( P < 0.05). The density of viable neurons in putamen and caudate nucleus was significantly higher and NBS at 72 and 96 h after ROSC significantly lower in group HI-M than in group HI-S ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Midazolam used at the early stage of cardiopulmonary resuscitation can attenuate HI brain injury in neonatal piglets.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for content determination of paeoniflorin in refined coronary tablets.METHODS:HPLC was performed on Kromasil C18 column at room temperature,the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2%phosphoric acid solution(13∶87),the detection wavelength was 230nm with flow rate 1ml/min and sample size 10?l.RESULTS:Paeoniflorin was linear with the peak area in the range of 0.317?g～1.587?g(r=0.9 999),the average recovery was 100.1%(RSD=1.46%).CONCLUSION:The established method is simple,reliable,reproducible and can be used for the quality control of refined coronary tablets.

Absorption ; Ammonia ; chemistry ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Materials Testing ; Silica Gel ; chemistry