Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the endothelial cell-specific mitogen, facili-tates endothelial cell proliferation, increases vascular permeability and accelerates the formation of new blood vessels role. Angiogenesis is an important physiological and pathological significance of the process. In the human wound healing, inflammation, organ regeneration and tumor growth and metastasis, vascular prolifer-ative diseases, angiogenesis is an important role. Therapeutic angiogenesis is the use of inducible factor or vascular endothelial progenitor ceils, simulates in vivo angiogenesis mechanism, promotes angiogenesis and improves the collateral circulation. In this paper, VEGF and therapeutic ansiogenesis research progress were reviewed.

Objective A new Continous-monitoring. Methods Determinating adenosine desaminase was established,and its experiment conditions including pH,substract concentration et al,and methodological performance were investigated.In this study,Two reagents were used,reagent one including 6 mmol/L α-ketoglutarate acid,0.35 mmol/L NADH,0.8 mmol/L ADP,0.1 mmol/L EDTA-Na2,1000U/L glutaic dehydrogenase.Reagent two including 12 mmol/L adenosine.Results The linearity range of this method can reach 97 U/L,the variance within batch and between batch were 4.9% and 6.53% respectively.Correlation analysis showed there was significant correlation between ours and Berthelot′s method.Conclusion The continous-monitoring method is accurate,simple and easy to be used in clinic.

Objective To investigate the influence of Anisodamine chronic administration on the vascular function and morphology of SHR. Methods The SHR were injected by chronic abdominal Anisodamine; Then the SHR were sacrificed after ten weeks. The abdominal aorta were obtained after perfusion and the changes of aorta morphology were observed under a microscope. The influence of Anisedamine on the vasculovr funtion was investigated by the rat's aorta rings perfusion. Results In the physiological state, given SHR long-term Anisodamine, the vascular endothelial and smooth muscle relaxation will significantly improve; Anisodamine chronic adminstration can inhibit the formation of aortic aneurysm and change a benign vascular structure. Conclusion Anisodamine chronic adminstration will improve the vascular endothelial and smooth muscle relaxation, and change a benign vascular structure, Anisodamine has a protective effect on endothelial and smooth muscle.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of pretreatment with Shenfu injectio(SFI)on myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury in diabetic rabbits.Methods Forty healthy adult male rabbits weighing 2.4-3.2 kg were used in this study.Type I diabetes mellitus was induced by intravenous alloxan 120 mg?kg~(-1) and confirmed by fasting blood glucose＞11.1 mmol?L~(-1).The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=8 each):groupⅠsham operation;groupⅡI/R and groupⅢ,Ⅳ,ⅤSFI+I/R.I/R was produced by occlusion of the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery(LAD)for 60 min.The occlusion of LAD was then released for reperfusion.In sham operation group(Ⅰ)LAD was exposed but not occluded.In groupⅢ,ⅣandⅤSFI 5,10 and 15 ml?kg~(-1) was givenⅣrespectively 30 min before myocardial ischemia.MAP,HR,left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP),?dp/dt_(max),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP)and Vmax were recorded immediately before ischemia(T_0,baseline),at 5 min of ischemia(T_1),immediately before reperfusion(T_2)and at 5,15,60,90,120 min of reperfusion(T_(3-7)).The animals were killed and hearts removed for determination of infarct size and microscopic examination of the ultrastructure of LAD using transmission electron microscope.Results MAP,HR,LVDP,?dp/dt_(max) and Vmax were significantly decreased while LVEDP was significantly increased during reperfusion as compared to the baseline values at T_0 in I/R group. I/R produced myocardial infarct and damage to the endothelial cells of LAD.The harmful effect of I/R was attenuated by different doses of SFI.SFI 10 ml?kg~(-1) provided best effect.Conclusion Pretreatment with SFI can protect the myocardium against I/R injury in diabetic rabbits.SFI 10 ml?kg~(-1) produces better effect.

Objective To investigate the elinieopathologie features of refractory epilepsy. Methods The clinical and pathologic features of refractory epilepsy of 273 cases undergoing surgical treatment in Xuanwu Hospital from January 2005 to December 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Results The mean age of seizure onset and disease duration were 11.0 years and 11.2 years respectively. The following pathologic subgroups were identified: malformation of cortical development (MCD, 158/273) including focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type Ⅰ (104, the mean age of seizure onset and disease duration were 11.1 years and 11.2 years respectively), FCD type Ⅱ (30, the mean age of seizure onset and disease duration were 7. 9 years and 12. 7 years respectively) , mild MCD (6) , tuberous sclerosis complex (6) and other types (9) , brain turnouts (26/273, the mean age of seizure onset and disease duration were 14. 5 years and 6. 3 years respectively), ulegyria (63/273), brain infections (13/273), vascular malformation (3/273), cyst (3/273), cholesteatoma (1/273) and other unknown types (6/273). Dual pathology was identified in 31 of 158 MCD cases. Eighty-six of 134 (64. 2%) FCD cases were type Ⅰ B predominantly seen in temporal lobe. Twenty of 26 (76. 9%) brain tumours were mixed neuronal-glial tumours predominantly located in temporal lobe. Cortical dysplasia was often seen in these cases. Conclusions The 3 most common causes of refractory epilepsy are MCD, ulegyria and brain tumours. The predominant subtype of FCD is type Ⅰ B often located in temporal lobe, in which associated hippoeampal sclerosis is often seen. Brain tumors in patients with refractory epilepsy are almost benign neoplasms located in temporal lobe, in which the most frequent type is mixed neuronal-glial tumour.

Objective To conduct intensive clinical skill training for non-mainland medicine interns and to explore the effects of training.Methods Twenty-six new clinical interns in the first affiliated hospital of Jinan university from June 2019 to June 2011 were enrolled and the 96 hours of intensive training was conducted.Results The scores of theoretical examination,puncture operation,physical examination and complete medical records of the 26 non-mainland interns were improved after training ( P ＜ 0.05 ) and were higher than those of mainland interns ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The enhancement in complete medical recording skills was the greatest and in puncture operation was the smallest among the four techniques.Conclusions The intensive training can effectively improve the clinical skills of nonmainland medical interns and the improvement of clinical skills in non-mainland interns is greater than that in mainland students.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Neiguan (PC6) and Lieque (LU7) on the expression of protein kinases in cardiomyocytes of myocardial ischemia (MI) rats.

METHODSHealthy male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the Neiguan point group, the Lieque point group, and the non-meridian non-acupoint group, 10 in each group by random digit table. The MI rat model was established by injecting isoprenaline hydrochloride (85 mg/kg). EA at Neiguan (PC6), Lieque (LU7), and non-meridian non-acupoint were respectively performed. Changes of the expression of protein kinases [such as protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), protein kinase G (PKG)] in rat cardiomyocytes were observed using Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, expression levels of PKA, PKC, and PKG increased obviously in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, expression levels of PKA, PKC, and PKG decreased in the Neiguan point group and the Lieque point group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Expression levels of PKA decreased in the non-meridian non-acupoint group (P < 0.01). Compared with the Neiguan point group, expression levels of PKA, PKC, and PKG increased in the non-meridian non-acupoint group and the Lieque point group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the Lieque point group, expression levels of PKA, PKC, and PKG increased in the non-meridian non-acupoint group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEA at Neiguan (PC6) and Lieque (LU7) could decrease protein expression levels of PKA, PKC and PKG in rat myocardial cells, and the effect of acupuncture at Neiguan (PC6) was better than that obtained by EA at Lieque (LU7).

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Electroacupuncture ; Male ; Meridians ; Myocardial Ischemia ; metabolism ; therapy ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To improve the teaching methods of graduate students, and provide the theoretical basis for other teaching hospitals to extend the preclinical training mode of clinical medicine professional degree students. Methods 90 clinical medical postgraduate students of Grade 2012 were divided into four groups according to their specialized field and 54 hours of pre-job clinical intensive training were conducted at the same time. The training included four modules lectured by teachers with physician-in-charge above title, such as communication between doctors and patients and medical history collection, physical examination, medical record writing as well as theory of knowl-edge. Before and after the implementation of intensive training, these four skills and knowledge of the students were tested and assessed by professional teachers. Relevant data were paired t test, ANOVA and non-parametric tests. Results The test results of patient-doctor communication and patient history collection, physical examination, complete medical records and theoretical examination results of each group after training were improved to be higher than before (P<0.05). And the effect of patient-doctor communication and patient history collection was the most significant. The doctor-patient communica-tion and history acquisition performance of different groups of graduate students had statistically sig-nificant difference (P=0.001). Conclusion Strengthening the preclinical comprehensive training for medical postgraduate can make the students master the basic clinical skills better and more effectively and the corresponding training methods are worthy of popularization to the other teaching hospitals.

Objective To investigate the association between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -2 C735T and MMP-9 C1562T polymorphisms and TOAST subtypes, the outcome in patients with stroke. Methods A total of 232 patients with ischemic stroke were divided into large artery atherosclerosis (LAA, n =37), cardioembolism (CE, n =31), small artery occlusion (SAO, n =65) stroke, stroke of other demonstrated etiology (SOE, n =2), and stroke of undemonstrated etiology (SUE, n =97) according to TOAST criteria. A total of 235 healthy subjects in the outpatient served as control. Genetic polymorphisms of MMP-2 C735T and MMP-9 C1562T were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.The outcome of patients was evaluated with Barthel Index (BI) at day 21 and 90 after stroke.Results The frequencies of MMp-2 735CC genotype and C allele in the ischemic stroke group (CC genotype: 63.36％ vs. 54.04％,x2 =4. 182, P=0.014; C allele: 79.31％vs. 74.04％,x2 =3. 936, P =0. 047 ) and its LAA subtype ( CC genotype: 78. 37％ vs. 54. 04％, x2 =7. 740, P =0. 005; C allele: 87. 83％ vs. 74. 04％, x2 =6. 655, P =0. 01 ) were significantly higher than those in the control group. The frequencies of MMP-9 1562CT +TT genotype and T allele in the ischemic stroke group (CT +TT genotypes: 21.98％ vs. 13. 19％,x2 =6. 233, P=0.013; T allele: 11.64％ vs. 7. 02％ ,x2 =5. 891, P =0. 015)and its LAA subtype(CT +TT genotypes: 32. 43％ vs. 13. 19％ ,x2 =8. 892, P =0. 003; T allele: 20. 27％ vs. 13.19％ ,x2 =13. 950, P =0. 000). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that risk of ischemic stroke and its LAA subtype with MMP-2 735CC genotype (ischemic stroke: odds ratio [OR]1.099, 95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.038-1.260, P =0.028; LAA: OR 1.360, 95％ CI 1. 167-5. 774, P =0. 009) and with MMP-9 1562TT genotype (ischemic stroke: OR 9. 409,95％ CI 1. 154-76. 722, P =0. 036; LAA: OR 8. 962, 95％ CI 1. 380-58. 218, P =0. 022)increased significantly. There were no significant correlation between the different genotypes of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the outcome of ischemic stroke. Conclusions Polymorphisms of MMP-2 C735T and -9 C1562Tare associated with ischemic stroke and its subtype large artery atherosclerotic stroke, but not associated with the outcome in patients with ischemic stroke

OBJECTIVETo assess clinical result of soft tissue balancing in primary total hip arthroplasty for severe developmental dysplasia of the hip in adults.

METHODSFrom December 2000 to August 2006, 26 primary cementless total hip arthroplasties combined with soft tissue balancing were performed in 21 cases for the treatment of severe developmental dysplasia of the hip. Patients were classified as type III (20 hips) and type IV (6 hips) according to Crowe classification. All acetabular cups were placed in their original anatomic location by soft tissue releasing and subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy. Thereafter, postoperative clinical and radiological results were evaluated.

RESULTSThe mean length of follow-up was 4.8 years (range, 13 months-7 years). Limp improved by at least one grade in 62% of the cases. Leg-length discrepancy was corrected significantly and osteotomy was undertaken in 13 hips with a mean decrease length of 0.9 cm by effective releasing. Harris scores improved significantly from a mean of 41.2 preoperatively to 89.6 postoperatively. No dislocations, infections and prosthesis loosening were found at the final follow-up evaluation.

CONCLUSIONSoft tissue balancing in total hip arthroplasty can facilitate acetabular reconstruction to normalize the hip center in severe developmental dysplasia of the hip, as a result, satisfactory short-term result can be obtained by restoring normal function and anatomic structure.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Connective Tissue ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteotomy ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Treatment Outcome